Preterm neonate with a large congenital hemangioma on maxillofacial site causing thrombocytopenia and heart failure: A case report.

BACKGROUND: We report a rare case of a large congenital hemangioma (CH) in the maxillofacial region in a female neonate that caused thrombocytopenia and heart failure. With close multidisciplinary collaboration, the congenital hemangioma was successfully resected with good results. CASE SUMMARY: The patient was delivered at gestational age of 36 wk by cesarean section due to cephalopelvic disproportion and lack of onset of labor (birth weight: 2630 g). A right-sided facial tumor was detected in the fetus during routine antenatal ultrasound examination of the mother at 32 wk of gestation. Physical examination revealed a 7 cm × 7 cm × 3 cm hard, dull purple-colored mass on the right maxillofacial region. The mass was tense and had prominent surface telangiectasias. Laboratory investigations revealed reduced hemoglobin and platelet count, and increased activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and thrombin time. International normalized ratio, fibrin degradation products, and D-Dimer levels were significantly increased. Thromboelastography showed increased alpha angle, mean amplitude, and the clot formation speed. Thyroid-stimulating hormone level was significantly elevated. The patient was administered prednisone, propranolol, euthyrox, vitamin K1, milrinone, and digoxin. After operation, cefepime was administered for anti-infection and propranolol was prescribed at discharge. CONCLUSION: We report a rare case of CH in the right maxillofacial region causing thrombocytopenia and heart failure.

¹H-NMR-Based Metabonomics of the Protective Effect of Coptis chinensis and Berberine on Cinnabar-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rats.

Coptis chinensis Franch has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating infectious and inflammatory diseases for over two thousand years. Berberine (BN), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is the main component of Coptis chinensis. The pharmacological basis for its therapeutic effects, which include hepatoprotective effects on liver injuries, has been studied intensively, yet the therapy of liver injuries and underlying mechanism remain unclear. We investigated the detoxification mechanism of Coptis chinensis and berberine using metabolomics of urine and serum in the present study. After the treatment with Coptis chinensis and berberine, compared with the cinnabar group, Coptis chinensis and berberine can regulate the concentration of the endogenous metabolites. PLS-DA score plots demonstrated that the urine and serum metabolic profiles in rats of the Coptis chinensis and berberine groups were similar those of the control group, yet remarkably apart from the cinnabar group. The mechanism may be related to the endogenous metabolites including energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism and metabolism of intestinal flora in rats. Meanwhile, liver and kidney histopathology examinations and serum clinical chemistry analysis verified the experimental results of metabonomics.

The most active Cu facet for low-temperature water gas shift reaction.

Identification of the active site is important in developing rational design strategies for solid catalysts but is seriously blocked by their structural complexity. Here, we use uniform Cu nanocrystals synthesized by a morphology-preserved reduction of corresponding uniform Cu2O nanocrystals in order to identify the most active Cu facet for low-temperature water gas shift (WGS) reaction. Cu cubes enclosed with {100} facets are very active in catalyzing the WGS reaction up to 548 K while Cu octahedra enclosed with {111} facets are inactive. The Cu-Cu suboxide (CuxO, x ≥ 10) interface of Cu(100) surface is the active site on which all elementary surface reactions within the catalytic cycle proceed smoothly. However, the formate intermediate was found stable at the Cu-CuxO interface of Cu(111) surface with consequent accumulation and poisoning of the surface at low temperatures. Thereafter, Cu cubes-supported ZnO catalysts are successfully developed with extremely high activity in low-temperature WGS reaction.Nanocrystals display a variety of facets with different catalytic activity. Here the authors identify the most active facet of copper nanocrystals relevant to the low-temperature water gas shift reaction and further design zinc oxide-copper nanocubes with exceptionally high catalytic activity.

Identification of different oxygen species in oxide nanostructures with (17)O solid-state NMR spectroscopy.

Nanostructured oxides find multiple uses in a diverse range of applications including catalysis, energy storage, and environmental management, their higher surface areas, and, in some cases, electronic properties resulting in different physical properties from their bulk counterparts. Developing structure-property relations for these materials requires a determination of surface and subsurface structure. Although microscopy plays a critical role owing to the fact that the volumes sampled by such techniques may not be representative of the whole sample, complementary characterization methods are urgently required. We develop a simple nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) strategy to detect the first few layers of a nanomaterial, demonstrating the approach with technologically relevant ceria nanoparticles. We show that the (17)O resonances arising from the first to third surface layer oxygen ions, hydroxyl sites, and oxygen species near vacancies can be distinguished from the oxygen ions in the bulk, with higher-frequency (17)O chemical shifts being observed for the lower coordinated surface sites. H2 (17)O can be used to selectively enrich surface sites, allowing only these particular active sites to be monitored in a chemical process. (17)O NMR spectra of thermally treated nanosized ceria clearly show how different oxygen species interconvert at elevated temperature. Density functional theory calculations confirm the assignments and reveal a strong dependence of chemical shift on the nature of the surface. These results open up new strategies for characterizing nanostructured oxides and their applications.

Morphology-dependent interplay of reduction behaviors, oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl reactivity of CeO2 nanocrystals.

Reduction behaviors, oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl groups play decisive roles in the surface chemistry and catalysis of oxides. Employing isothermal H2 reduction we simultaneously reduced CeO2 nanocrystals with different morphologies, created oxygen vacancies and produced hydroxyl groups. The morphology of CeO2 nanocrystals was observed to strongly affect the reduction process and the resultant oxygen vacancy structure. The resultant oxygen vacancies are mainly located on the surfaces of CeO2 cubes and rods but in the subsurface/bulk of CeO2 octahedra. The reactivity of isolated bridging hydroxyl groups on CeO2 nanocrystals was found to depend on the local oxygen vacancy concentration, in which they reacted to produce water at low local oxygen vacancy concentrations but to produce both water and hydrogen with increasing local oxygen vacancy concentration. These results reveal a morphology-dependent interplay among the reduction behaviors, oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl reactivity of CeO2 nanocrystals, which deepens the fundamental understanding of the surface chemistry and catalysis of CeO2.