ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Fungal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the haematological patients. These infections are mainly due to Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. Mortality by these infections is high, but rates have descended in the latest series due to better antifungal agents. Echinocan-dins are, in vitro, very active against Candida and Aspergillus spp. The objective of the study is to analyse the efï¬cacy and safety of micafungin in the antifungal prophylaxis of haema-tological patients on chemotherapy. METHODS: A multicentre, observational retrospective study was performed in 7 Haematology Depart-ments in Spain. Patients admitted to these departments with chemotherapy or immunosuppressive treatment, and who had received antifungal prophylaxis with micafungin between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2014 were included. RESULTS: There were 5 cases of probable or proven fun-gal infection (4.8%) according to the 2008 EORTC criteria: 2 proven, 3 probable. The types of fungal infection were 3 as-pergillosis and 2 candidiasis. There were no drop-outs from the prophylaxis with micafungin due to toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: Micafungin is an antifungal agent which, used in prophylaxis, has demonstrated good efï¬cacy and an excellent toxicity proï¬le, making it an apparently interesting option in patients requiring antifungal prophylaxis during their hospitalisation episode.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Aspergillosis/prevention & control , Candidiasis/prevention & control , Hematologic Diseases/complications , Micafungin/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anemia, Aplastic/complications , Female , Humans , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/complications , Lymphoma/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications , Retrospective Studies , Young AdultABSTRACT
The proportion of multiple myeloma patients in long-term complete response (LTCR-MM) for more than 6 years after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is small. To evaluate whether this LTCR is associated with a particular immune signature, peripheral blood samples from 13 LTCR-MM after ASCT and healthy blood donors (HBD) were analysed. Subpopulations of T-cells (naïve, effector, central memory and regulatory), B-cells (naïve, marginal zone-like, class-switched memory, transitional and plasmablasts) and NK-cells expressing inhibitory and activating receptors were quantified by multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC). Heavy/light chains (HLC) were quantified by nephelometry. The percentage of CD4+ T-cells was lower in patients, whereas an increment in the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory T-cells was associated with the LTCR. Regulatory T-cells and NK-cells were similar in both groups but a particular redistribution of inhibitory and activating receptors in NK-cells were found in patients. Regarding B-cells, an increase in naïve cells and a corresponding reduction in marginal zone-like and class-switched memory B-cells was observed. The HLC values were normal. Our results suggest that LTCR-MM patients express a particular immune signature, which probably reflects a 'high quality' immune reconstitution that could exert a competent anti-tumor immunological surveillance along with a recovery of the humoral immunity.
Subject(s)
B-Lymphocytes , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Multiple Myeloma , Adult , Aged , Autografts , B-Lymphocytes/immunology , B-Lymphocytes/metabolism , CD4-CD8 Ratio , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Myeloma/blood , Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis , Multiple Myeloma/immunology , Multiple Myeloma/therapy , PrognosisABSTRACT
OTSC is a safe and effective endoscopic method used in the treatment of gastrocutaneous or esophageal fistulas. The authors describe a clinic case which an intraabdominal clip was found 3 years after she was managed with an over-the-scope-clip (OTSC) to repair a gastrocutaneous fistula.In this case, the abdominal pain could be related to a self-limited localized peritonitis that resolved without the need of any medical treatment. Efficacy and safety of over-the-scope clip, including complications after endoscopic submucosal dissection are discussed
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