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2.
Curr Probl Cardiol ; 48(8): 101215, 2023 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35460680

ABSTRACT

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains a significant source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite advances in treatment leading to a significant reduction in the early complications and in-hospital mortality, a significant proportion of STEMI survivors develop heart failure (HF) at follow-up. The classic paradigm of HF after STEMI is one characterized by left ventricular adverse remodeling (LVAR) and encompasses the process of regional and global structural and functional changes that occur in the heart as a consequence of loss of viable myocardium, increased wall stress and neurohormonal activation, and results in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). More recently, however, with further improvements in the treatment of STEMI the incidence and entity of LVAR appear to be largely reduced, yet the risk for HF following STEMI is not abolished and remains substantial, identifying a new paradigm by which patients with STEMI present with HF and preserved EF (HFpEF) characterized by reduction of diastolic or systolic reserve independent of LVAR.


Subject(s)
Heart Failure , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction , Humans , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Heart Failure/etiology , Heart Failure/therapy , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/complications , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Ventricular Function, Left/physiology , Stroke Volume/physiology , Myocardium
3.
Curr Probl Cardiol ; 48(6): 101113, 2023 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35063478

ABSTRACT

The PRECISE-DAPT score predicts the bleeding risk in patients treated with dual antiplatelet treatment after PCI. We asess the prediction power of the score in patients suffering from non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes. Our cohort included 862 patients from Buenos Aires 1 registry. The PRECISE-DAPT score was calculated upon admission and the follow up period was 15 months. The score as a continuous variable had low to moderate ability to predict bleeding events BARC 2, 3 or 5 (c-statistics 0.58 [95% CI, 0.52-0.61]); moderate at BARC 3 or 5 (c-statistics 0.72 [95% CI, 0.64-0.78]), and poor for MACE (c-statistics 0.49 [95% CI, 0,45-0.51]). PRECISE-DAPT score as a dichotomous variable (≥25, n= 210 [24%]) was associated with very high risk of bleeding (HR 2.1) and ischemic events (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.8-2.1). As conclusion, PRECISE-DAPT score ≥25 was able to identify a subgroup of patients with high bleeding, and thrombotic events.


Subject(s)
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors , Humans , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/adverse effects , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/adverse effects , Risk Factors , Risk Assessment , Drug Therapy, Combination , Hemorrhage/chemically induced , Hemorrhage/epidemiology , Registries , Treatment Outcome
4.
Curr Probl Cardiol ; 47(10): 101297, 2022 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35753398

ABSTRACT

Atrial fibrillation (AF) has a strong impact on the quality of life (QOL) of patients and anticoagulation has a lot to do with it. We evaluated the QOL of patients with nonvalvular AF who start treatment with apixaban in Latin America. QOL was analyzed through a questionnaire developed to evaluate anticoagulated patients, which was completed by them 3 months after starting treatment. We included 521 patients from Uruguay, Bolivia, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Peru. A high index of general treatment satisfaction (5.34 ± 0.46) and self-efficacy (5.11 ± 0.68) were observed; the distress index was low (1.77 ± 0.88), as was the perception of daily hassles (1.35 ± 0.49) and strain social network related to medication (1.21 ± 0.34). Patients with AF who started treatment with apixaban has good satisfaction and self-efficacy scores with low index of stress, few daily limitations and social disruptions.


Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation , Quality of Life , Anticoagulants , Humans , Latin America , Pyrazoles , Pyridones
5.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 90(2): 105-111, abr. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407124

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: El estudio POPular AGE demostró que, en pacientes mayores de 70 años, el clopidogrel sería el inhibidor del receptor P2Y12 (iP2Y12) de elección por su asociación con menor incidencia de sangrado, sin diferencia en eventos isquémicos. Objetivos: Analizar la seguridad y eficacia de los diferentes esquemas de tratamiento con iP2Y12 en mayores de 70 años con síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del segmento ST (SCASEST), a fin de contrastar la hipótesis "POPular AGE" en el mundo real. Material y métodos: Para el presente subanálisis del registro prospectivo BUENOS AIRES I, se analizaron datos correspondientes a 1100 pacientes de 21 centros médicos de Buenos Aires, Argentina, con seguimiento a 15 meses. Consideramos al subgrupo de pacientes mayores de 70 años, estratificados de acuerdo al iP2Y12 indicado al alta sanatorial. Resultados: Observamos gran carga de comorbilidades, con un 85,1% de hipertensión, 30,3% de diabetes mellitus y 43,2% de enfermedad renal crónica. Los pacientes tratados con ticagrelor/prasugrel (n = 54) presentaron mayor prevalencia de tabaquismo activo, menor fibrilación auricular y menor puntaje de score CRUSADE, sin diferencias en el puntaje de score GRACE, en relación a los tratados con clopidogrel (n = 286). A 15 meses de seguimiento, en la tasa, con más eventos de sangrado BARC ≥ 2 en el grupo clopidogrel (25,4% vs. 18,2%) aunque sin diferencias significativas (p = 0,327), y beneficio en la incidencia de eventos adversos cardiovasculares mayores (MACE) en el grupo de tratamiento con ticagrelor/prasugrel (18,6% vs 36,3%, p = 0,023). Conclusiones: En pacientes con SCASEST mayores de 70 años, adecuadamente seleccionados, el tratamiento con ticagrelor/ prasugrel podría ser una estrategia segura y efectiva.


ABSTRACT Background: The POPular AGE study demonstrated that in patients over 70 years of age clopidogrel would be the P2Y12 receptor inhibitor (P2Y12i) of choice due to its association with lower bleeding incidence and no difference in ischemic events. Objective: We analyzed the safety and efficacy of different treatment regimens with P2Y12i, in patients ≥70 years with nonST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) to test the "POPular AGE" hypothesis in the real world. Methods: This subanalysis of the prospective BUENOS AIRES I registry analyzed data corresponding to 1100 patients from 21 medical centers in Buenos Aires, Argentina, followed-up for 15 months. We considered the subgroup of patients ≥70 years, stratified according to the P2Y12i indicated at discharge. Results: This subgroup had a high burden of comorbidities, with 85.1% hypertension, 30.3% diabetes mellitus, and 43.2% chronic kidney disease. Patients treated with ticagrelor/prasugrel (n=54) presented with higher prevalence of active smoking, less atrial fibrillation and lower CRUSADE score, with no differences in the GRACE score, compared whit those treated with clopidogrel (n=286). At the 15-month follow-up, no significant differences were observed in the BARC ≥2 bleeding rate, with more events in the clopidogrel group (25.4% vs. 18.2%; p=0.327) and a benefit in the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in the ticagrelor/prasugrel treatment group (18.6% vs 36.3%, p= 0.023). Conclusions: In adequately selected patients with NSTE-ACS ≥70 years, treatment with ticagrelor/prasugrel could be a safe and effective strategy.

6.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 89(6): 501-506, dic. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407084

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: En nuestro medio existe escasa evidencia sobre la incidencia de rehospitalización, factores predictores y evolución clínica de los pacientes con estenosis aórtica (EAo) grave valorados por un Heart Team. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia, los predictores de rehospitalización y la evolución clínica de pacientes con EAo grave valorados por el Heart Team. Material y métodos: Estudio unicéntrico de cohorte retrospectivo, que incluyó pacientes con EAo grave valorados por el Heart Team. Se analizaron las características del total de la cohorte, y según la presencia o ausencia de rehospitalización, en un seguimiento de 2 años. Resultados: La edad promedio de la población (n = 275) fue de 83,3 ± 6,9 años, con 51,1% de sexo femenino y una incidencia de rehospitalización de 21,5%. Los pacientes rehospitalizados fueron más añosos (85,54 ± 6,66 vs. 82,62 ± 6,87 años; p = 0,003), más frágiles (97,4% vs. 89,3%; p = 0,035), con mayor riesgo quirúrgico (STS score 6,11 ± 4,79 vs. 4,72 ± 4,12; p = 0,033), y fibrilación auricular (FA) previa (40,7% vs. 23,6%; p = 0,009), en comparación con los no rehospitalizados. Se identificó la FA previa como factor de riesgo independiente de rehospitalización (OR 4,59; IC 95% 1,95-10,81, p<0,001). La incidencia de rehospitalización fue de 33,9% para el implante percutáneo de válvula aórtica (TAVI), 1,7% para la cirugía de reemplazo valvular (CRVAo), y 64,4% para el tratamiento conservador (p = 0,002). A 2 años, la rehospitalización se asoció a una mayor mortalidad (47,5% vs. 13,4%; p <0,001). Conclusiones: En pacientes con EAo grave valorados por un Heart Team se observó una significativa incidencia de rehospitalización a 2 años, que se asoció a mayor mortalidad. La FA fue un factor de riesgo independiente de rehospitalización.


ABSTRACT Background: There is scarce evidence in our setting regarding the prevalence of readmission, risk factors and clinical evolution of patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) evaluated by a Heart Team. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, predictors and clinical evolution of readmission in patients with severe AS evaluated by a Heart Team. Methods: This was an observational, single-center, retrospective cohort study including patients with severe AS evaluated by a Heart Team. Total cohort characteristics were analyzed at baseline, and after stratification according to the presence or absence of readmission during a 2-year follow-up period. Results: Mean population age (n = 275) was 83.3 ± 6.9 years, and 51.1% were female patients. The prevalence of readmissions was 21.5%. Readmitted patients were older (85.54 ± 6.66 vs. 82.62 ± 6.87 years; p = 0.003) and had greater frailty (97,4% vs. 89.3%; p = 0.035), surgical risk (STS 6.11 ± 4.79 vs. 4.72 ± 4.12; p = 0.033), and previous history of atrial fibrillation (AF) (40.7% vs. 23.6%; p = 0.009), compared with non-readmitted patients. Prior AF was an independent risk factor of readmission (OR 4.59 [IC95% 1.95-10.81]; p <0.001). The prevalence of readmission was 33.9% for percutaneous aortic valve implantation (TAVI), 1.7% for valve replacement surgery (AVRS), and 64.4% for conservative treatment (p = 0.002). At 2 years, readmission was associated with lower survival (47.5% vs. 13.4%; p <0.001). Conclusions: In patients with severe AS evaluated by a Heart Team, a significant prevalence of readmission was observed at 2 years, and this was associated with higher mortality. Atrial fibrillation was an independent risk factor of readmissions.

7.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 89(4): 293-300, ago. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356894

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La fibrilación auricular (FA) es la arritmia con mayor incidencia a nivel mundial y tiene una clara asociación con los síndromes coronarios agudos. El propósito de nuestro trabajo es describir la incidencia, los factores predisponentes y el pronóstico de pacientes con FA de novo luego de un síndrome coronario agudo, en una población representativa de nuestro medio. Material y métodos: Se realizó un subanálisis del registro BUENOS AIRES I, el cual incluyó 1110 pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del ST (SCASEST), con un seguimiento a 6 meses. Resultados: Se evidenció una incidencia del 7,7% de FA de novo y se identificaron como factores predictores independientes de su desarrollo la edad (OR 1,04; IC95% 1,02-1,08; p = 0,001), la presentación inicial con infarto agudo de miocardio (OR 2,35; IC95% 1,20-4,57; p = 0,012) y la necesidad de revascularización quirúrgica (OR 6,86; IC95% 3,95-11,89; p <0,001). Los pacientes que desarrollaron FA presentaron mayor mortalidad por todas las causas, mayor mortalidad cardiovascular y eventos de sangrado BARC ≥2. Se identificó a la FA de novo post-SCASEST como un factor predictor independiente de mortalidad cardiovascular (OR 3,67; IC95% 1,25-10,76; p = 0,018) y sangrado a 6 meses BARC ≥2 (OR 3,024; IC95% 1,49-6,11; p = 0,002). Conclusiones: Este subanálisis preespecificado del registro BUENOS AIRES I demostró una incidencia significativa de FA de novo en el contexto de un SCASEST, vinculada a una mayor edad, mayor daño estructural cardíaco agudo y requerimiento de cirugía de revascularización, y con una peor evolución en términos de eventos clínicos adversos en el seguimiento a mediano plazo.


ABSTRACT Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia worldwide and has a close correlation with acute coronary syndromes. The aim of our study is to describe the incidence, predisposing factors and outcome of patients with de novo AF after an acute coronary syndrome in a population representative of our environment. Methods: We conducted a sub-analysis of the BUENOS AIRES I registry, which included 1110 patients with non- ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) followed-up at 6 months. Results: The incidence of de novo AF was 7.7%. The independent predictors of de novo AF were age (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.021.08; p = 0.001), initial presentation as MI (OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.20-4.57; p = 0.012) and requirement of myocardial revascularization surgery (OR 6.86; 95% CI 3.95-11.89; p < 0.001). Patients who developed AF had greater all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and bleeding events ≥BARC type 2. The development of de novo AF after NSTE-ACS was identified as an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality (OR, 3.67; 95% CI 1.25-10.76; p = 0.018) and of bleeding events ≥ BARC type 2 (OR, 3.024; 95% CI, 1.49-6.11; p = 0.002). Conclusions: This prespecified sub-analysis of the BUENOS AIRES I registry demonstrated a significant incidence of de novo AF in the setting of a NSTE-ACS, associated with elderly patients, greater acute myocardial structural damage and need for myocardial revascularization surgery, with worse outcome in terms of adverse clinical events at mid-term follow-up.

8.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 89(3): 217-224, jun. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356877

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Existe información limitada sobre estrategias de tratamiento con inhibidores del receptor P2Y12 (iP2Y12) en síndromes coronarios agudos sin elevación del segmento ST (SCASEST) en la vida real. Objetivos: Determinar la incidencia de eventos cardíacos adversos mayores (MACE)y sangrado BARC ≥2, según la estrategia de tratamiento con iP2Y12 a 6 meses. Material y métodos: Subanálisis preespecificado del registro BUENOS AIRES I (n = 1100). Se estratificó la cohorte según "pretratamiento" con iP2Y12 (antes de conocer la anatomía coronaria), o "tratamiento en sala" (luego de conocer la anatomía coronaria) y se analizó la incidencia de eventos clínicos, según: pretratamiento con clopidogrel/ticagrelor, tratamiento en sala con clopidogrel/ticagrelor. Resultados: La edad media fue 65,4 ± 11,5 años, con 77,2% de sexo masculino. El 79,72% recibió iP2Y12, el 75% como pretratamiento y 25% como tratamiento en sala. Los pacientes con pretratamiento fueron más jóvenes y con más infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM), en comparación con el subgrupo de tratamiento en sala. A los 6 meses, no hubo diferencias significativas en la incidencia de MACE (16,4% vs. 14,4%; p = 0,508), o sangrado BARC ≥2 (14,7% vs. 11,1%; p = 0,205), entre los distintos momentos de administración del iP2Y12. El tratamiento con ticagrelor presentó menos MACE en comparación con el clopidogrel (p = 0,044), sin diferencias en sangrados. No se observaron diferencias en MACE entre ticagrelor en pretratamiento o tratamiento en sala (p = 0,893). Conclusiones: El subgrupo de pacientes seleccionados para recibir pretratamiento con iP2Y12 no presentó diferencias en MACE ni sangrado en relación con los tratados en sala. Los pacientes seleccionados para su tratamiento con ticagrelor en sala presentaron un balance beneficioso entre eventos isquémicos y hemorrágicos.


ABSTRACT Background: There is limited real life information on treatment strategies with P2Y12 receptor inhibitors (P2Y12i) in nonST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS). Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and BARC bleeding ≥2, according to the treatment strategy with P2Y12i at 6 months. Methods: The study used the pre-specified subanalysis of the BUENOS AIRES I registry (n=1100). The cohort was stratified according to P2Y12i "pretreatment" (before knowing the coronary anatomy), or "ward treatment" (after knowing the coronary anatomy), and the incidence of clinical events was analyzed according to pretreatment or ward treatment with clopidogrel/ ticagrelor. Results: Mean age was 65.4 ± 11.5 years and 77.2% were male patients. In 79.72% of cases patients received P2Y12i, 75% as pretreatment and 25% as ward treatment. Pretreatment patients were younger and with greater prevalence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared with the ward treatment subgroup. At 6 months, there were no significant differences in the incidence of MACE (16.4% vs. 14.4%; p = 0.508), or BARC bleeding ≥2 (14.7% vs. 11.1%; p = 0.205), between the different times of P2Y12i administration. Treatment with ticagrelor presented reduced MACE compared with clopidogrel (p = 0.044), with no difference in bleeding. No MACE differences were observed between pretreatment or in ward treatment with ticagrelor (p=0.893). Conclusions: The subgroup of patients selected to receive P2Y12i pretreatment did not present differences in MACE or bleeding relative to those treated in ward. Patients selected for ticagrelor treatment in ward presented a beneficial balance between ischemic and hemorrhagic events.

9.
Catheter Cardiovasc Interv ; 98(6): E889-E896, 2021 11 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34043281

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is a prevalent condition in elderly patients and has been associated with adverse outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The present study aimed to determine the predictive value of serum creatinine-cystatin C ratio, that is, "Sarcopenia Index" (SI) as a surrogate marker of sarcopenia, and investigate its association with clinical outcomes after TAVR. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients undergoing TAVR between January, 2016 and December, 2018 at Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Patients were excluded if <65-years old, presented previous surgical aortic valve replacement, severe chronic kidney disease, or hemodialysis requirement. The SI was obtained at baseline before TAVR. All-cause mortality and/or readmissions for congestive heart failure (CHF) were defined as the primary endpoint. RESULTS: In total 100 patients met inclusion criteria for the purpose of the study. Sarcopenia Index was significantly correlated with Timed Up and Go (r = -0.272, p = .010) and Gait Speed (r = -0.278, p = .005). During follow-up, 5/100 patients died within 30 days and a total of 10/100 patients died at 1-year follow-up. Moreover, survival curves were significantly worse (Log-rank test = p = .02) and CHF readmissions were more prevalent in the lowest SI tertile (Log-rank test = p = .01). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, we identified low SI (cutoff ≤66) as an independent predictor of long-term adverse outcomes (HR = 4.01, 95% CI = 1.31-12.27, p = .015) at 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSION: Sarcopenia Index, surrogate for the degree of skeletal muscle mass (SMM), could be used as a predictor of adverse outcomes in patients undergoing TAVR.


Subject(s)
Aortic Valve Stenosis , Sarcopenia , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement , Aged , Aortic Valve/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve/surgery , Aortic Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Sarcopenia/diagnostic imaging , Severity of Illness Index , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome
10.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 81(1): 11-15, mar. 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287235

ABSTRACT

Resumen La adherencia al tratamiento médico farmacológico en pacientes que cursaron una hospitalización por un síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) es deficiente. El objetivo primario fue demostrar que, mediante la utilización de una aplicación digital para smartphones, se incrementa por lo menos un 30% la adherencia al tratamiento, en relación al grupo control, en pacientes con SCA. Se realizó un estudio unicéntrico aleatorizado, controlado, con distribución 1:1, simple ciego, que comparó la utilización de una aplicación para smartphones (grupo intervención), frente a la indicación de tratamiento farmacológico por escrito (grupo control), en términos de adherencia médica farmacológica total, en 90 pacientes que cursaron internación por un SCA. La adherencia fue determinada mediante el Cuestionario de Adherencia a la Medicación de Morisky. El paciente se consideró como "totalmente adherente" de obtener un puntaje perfecto (8/8 puntos). El período de seguimiento fue de 90 días posterior al egreso hospitalario. La edad promedio fue 63 ± 9 años, con el 76% de sexo masculino. El objetivo primario ocurrió en 67.4% (31/46) del grupo intervención vs. 20.5% (9/44) del grupo control (p < 0.001). En pacientes que cursaron una hospitalización por SCA, la utilización de una aplicación digital para smartphones incrementó la adherencia al tratamiento médico farmacológico.


Abstract Adherence to cardiovascular medications following acute coronary syndrome hospitalization is generally poor. The primary outcome was to demonstrate that the use of a digital application for smartphones increases the adherence to pharmacological treatment by 30 % in relation to the group without intervention, in patients with an acute coronary syndrome with or without ST segment elevation. In this unicentric, single blinded, randomized controlled trial with 1:1 allocation we compared the use of a digital application for smartphones and written information as standard of care, for the adherence to pharmacological treatment in 90 patients admitted to the hospital with an acute coronary syndrome. Adherence to medical treatment was measured by Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. A patient is considered to have good adherence when score is perfect (8 points). The follow up period was 90 days after hospital discharge. The mean age of the population was 63 ± 9 and 76% were male. At 90 days, 67.4% (31/46) of patients using the smartphone application were adherent compared with 20.5% (9/44) of patients in the control group (p < 0.001). In patients with acute coronary syndrome, the use of a smartphone application increased the medication adherence compared with the standard of care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Acute Coronary Syndrome/drug therapy , Smartphone , Software , Medication Adherence , Secondary Prevention
11.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 81(1): 11-15, 2021.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33611239

ABSTRACT

Adherence to cardiovascular medications following acute coronary syndrome hospitalization is generally poor. The primary outcome was to demonstrate that the use of a digital application for smartphones increases the adherence to pharmacological treatment by 30 % in relation to the group without intervention, in patients with an acute coronary syndrome with or without ST segment elevation. In this unicentric, single blinded, randomized controlled trial with 1:1 allocation we compared the use of a digital application for smartphones and written information as standard of care, for the adherence to pharmacological treatment in 90 patients admitted to the hospital with an acute coronary syndrome. Adherence to medical treatment was measured by Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. A patient is considered to have good adherence when score is perfect (8 points). The follow up period was 90 days after hospital discharge. The mean age of the population was 63 ± 9 and 76% were male. At 90 days, 67.4% (31/46) of patients using the smartphone application were adherent compared with 20.5% (9/44) of patients in the control group (p < 0.001). In patients with acute coronary syndrome, the use of a smartphone application increased the medication adherence compared with the standard of care.


La adherencia al tratamiento médico farmacológico en pacientes que cursaron una hospitalización por un síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) es deficiente. El objetivo primario fue demostrar que, mediante la utilización de una aplicación digital para smartphones, se incrementa por lo menos un 30% la adherencia al tratamiento, en relación al grupo control, en pacientes con SCA. Se realizó un estudio unicéntrico aleatorizado, controlado, con distribución 1:1, simple ciego, que comparó la utilización de una aplicación para smartphones (grupo intervención), frente a la indicación de tratamiento farmacológico por escrito (grupo control), en términos de adherencia médica farmacológica total, en 90 pacientes que cursaron internación por un SCA. La adherencia fue determinada mediante el Cuestionario de Adherencia a la Medicación de Morisky. El paciente se consideró como "totalmente adherente" de obtener un puntaje perfecto (8/8 puntos). El período de seguimiento fue de 90 días posterior al egreso hospitalario. La edad promedio fue 63 ± 9 años, con el 76% de sexo masculino. El objetivo primario ocurrió en 67.4% (31/46) del grupo intervención vs. 20.5% (9/44) del grupo control (p < 0.001). En pacientes que cursaron una hospitalización por SCA, la utilización de una aplicación digital para smartphones incrementó la adherencia al tratamiento médico farmacológico.


Subject(s)
Acute Coronary Syndrome , Smartphone , Acute Coronary Syndrome/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Medication Adherence , Secondary Prevention , Software
13.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 88(4): 308-316, jul. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1250992

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: El manejo de los síndromes coronarios agudos (SCA) sin elevación del segmento ST (SCASEST) ha presentado cambios en los últimos años, basados en nuevos agentes farmacológicos y en el avance de las técnicas de revascularización coronaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar cómo es el manejo de los SCASEST en la actualidad, en centros de alta complejidad de la ciudad de Buenos Aires y la provincia de Buenos Aires. Métodos: Se registraron en forma prospectiva pacientes hospitalizados en 21 centros con servicio de unidad coronaria, hemodinamia disponible las 24 horas y cirugía cardíaca. Se realizó seguimiento a 6 meses del alta hospitalaria. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1 100 pacientes consecutivos; el 62,6% fue catalogado como infarto sin elevación del ST y, 37,4% como angina inestable. La edad media fue de 65,4 ± 11,5 años, con el 77,2% de sexo masculino. El 27,6% presentaba diabetes mellitus y el 31,5% infarto previo. El manejo inicial fue invasivo en el 86,7%, con una mediana de tiempo a la cinecoronariografía de 18 horas (RIC 7-27,7). En la evolución intrahospitalaria, la incidencia de nuevo infarto fue del 5,2%, el accidente cerebrovascular de 0,3% y la mortalidad total, 2,7%. La tasa de sangrado BARC ≥2 fue del 10,1%. En el seguimiento extrahospitalario a los 6 meses del alta hospitalaria, la tasa de infarto fue de 8,4%, SCA 10,9% y la mortalidad total de 5,7%. Conclusiones: El registro evidenció un abordaje terapéutico predominantemente invasivo de los pacientes con SCASEST en los centros con alta complejidad, con baja prevalencia de complicaciones intrahospitalarias y en la evolución.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The medical management of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) has changed significantly over the past few decades, primarily due to novel pharmacotherapies and improvement in coronary revascularization strategies. This registry was compiled from data from management of patient populations in high complexity centers from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Methods: Patients hospitalized in 21 centers in the city of Buenos Aires and peripheries, with a coronary unit service, hemodynamics available 24 hours and cardiac surgery are prospectively registered. Follow-up was performed at 6 months. Results: A total of 1100 patients were included; the final diagnosis was myocardial infarction in 62.% and unstable angina in 37.4%. The mean age of the population was 65.4 ± 11.5 and 77.2% were male. 27.6% of patients having diabetes mellitus, with 31.5% having a medical history of myocardial infarction. The initial management was invasive in 86.7%, with a median time for PCI of 18 hours (IQR 7-27,7). Over the course of the in-hospital stay, the rate of myocardial infarction was 5.2%, stroke 0.3% and total all-cause mortality 2.7%. The rate of in-hospital total bleeding events was 20.1%, with BARC ≥2 in 10.1% of patients. In the 6-month follow-up, the infarction rate was 8.4%, ACS 10.9%, and total mortality 5.7%. Conclusions: This registry shows the predominant usage of invasive approaches in management of patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation, in high complexity medical centers. In this subset of patients, a low rate of in-hospital and follow up complications were also observed.

14.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 88(1): 9-13, feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1250928

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Las consultas por dolor torácico son frecuentes en los servicios de emergencias médicas (SEM). Aún no se ha identificado una estrategia diagnóstica que utilice tanto los datos objetivos como los subjetivos del dolor. Objetivos: Evaluar un clasificador de machine learning para predecir el riesgo de presentar un síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) sin elevación del segmento ST, en pacientes que consultan a un SEM con dolor torácico. Material y métodos: Se analizaron 161 pacientes que consultaron al SEM con dolor torácico. Se registró mediante un clasificador de machine learning las variables objetivas y subjetivas de caracterización del dolor. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 57 mas/menos 12, 72,7% masculinos eran de sexo masculino y 17,4 % presentaban evento coronario previo. El 57,8% presentaba un síndrome coronario agudo con una incidencia de IAM de 29,8%, de los cuales requirieron revascularización por ATC el 35%, y CRM el 9,9% en el período de seguimiento a 30 días. Como modelo de clasificación se utilizó un Random Forest Classifier que presentó un área bajo la curva ROC de 0,8991, sensibilidad de 0,8552, especificidad de 0,8588 y una precisión de 0,8441. Las variables predictoras más influyentes fueron peso (p = 0,002), edad (p = 5,011e-07), intensidad del dolor (p = 3,0679e-05), tensión arterial sistólica (p = 0,6068) y características subjetivas del dolor (p = 1,590e-04). Conclusiones: Los clasificadores de machine learning son una herramienta útil a fin de predecir el riesgo de sufrir un síndrome coronario agudo a 30 días de seguimiento.


ABSTRACT Background: Consultations for chest pain are common in emergency medical services (EMS). A diagnostic strategy using both objective and subjective pain has not been identified yet. Objective: To evaluate a machine learning classifier as a tool for prediction of the risk of presenting a non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients consulting an SEM with chest pain. Methods: 161 patients consulting SEM with chest pain were analyzed. Objective variables of the patient and subjective variables of pain characterization were recorded during the triage stage by means of a machine learning classifier. Results: The mean age was 57.43±12 years, 75% male and 16% had prior cardiovascular disease. 57.8% presented an ACS with an incidence of 29.8%, which 35% required PCI and 9.9% CRM in a 30-day follow-up period. A Random Forest Classifier was used as a classification model. The Random Forest Classifier presented an area under the ROC curve of 0.8991, sensitivity of 0.8552, specificity of 0.8588 and precision of 0.8441. The most strongest predictor variables were weight (p=0.002), age (p=5.011e-07), pain intensity (p=3.0679e-05), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.6068) and subjective pain characteristics (p=1.590e-04). Conclusions: Machine learning classifiers are a useful tool for predicting the risk of acute coronary syndrome at 30 days follow-up period.

15.
Curr Atheroscler Rep ; 22(1): 6, 2020 Jan 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31997023

ABSTRACT

The original version of this article unfortunately contained typo in the 2nd author's family name. Instead of "Garmenda", it should be "Garmendia". The original version has been corrected.

16.
Curr Atheroscler Rep ; 22(1): 4, 2020 01 13.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31932973

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Despite major advances in terms of prevention, diagnosis, risk-stratification, management and rehabilitation, atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis continue to have major morbidity and mortality implications worldwide. Since the unraveling of the pivotal role of inflammation in atherothrombosis pathophysiology, several focused treatments have been proposed with the ultimate goal of preventing or treating myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. In particular, given the centrality of interleukin-1 (IL-1), targeted anti-IL-1 agents have attracted substantial attention and efforts. Yet, uncertainty persists on the real risk-benefit and cost-benefit balance of anti-IL-1 agents in patients with or at risk of atherothrombosis. RECENT FINDINGS: Several trials have been recently completed on atherothrombosis prevention and treatment with anti-IL-1 agents, ranging, for instance, from the large Canakinumab Antiinflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS) trial to the series of translational studies conducted within the Virginia Commonwealth University-Anakinra Remodeling Trial (VCU-ART) platform. In light of the present scoping umbrella review, it appears evident that anti-IL-1 agents can reduce systemic inflammation and improve surrogate markers of cardiac and vascular function, with potential benefits on the risk of new/worsening heart failure. One trial suggested an increased risk of major adverse events with anti-interleukin-1 agents, possibly due to a rebound phenomenon, but this was based on a post-hoc analysis of a small number of events, and it was not supported by all other pertinent trials. The CANTOS study showed a potential hazard due to an increased risk of fatal infections, but the effect size was rather small. In addition, cost issues limit the foreseeable scope of these treatment strategies in unselected patients, calling instead for more refined prescribing. The evidence base on the risk-benefit and cost-benefit profile of anti-IL-1 agents for atherothrombosis prevention and treatment has expanded substantially in the last decade. While largely dominated by the landmark CANTOS trial, effect estimates also including the VCU-ART trials suggest complex short- and long-term effects which may prove favorable in carefully selected patients with acute or chronically sustained inflammation. Conversely, more liberal use appears less promising, and further studies with currently available agents or novel ones are eagerly needed to better define their role in the era of precision molecular medicine.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use , Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use , Atherosclerosis/drug therapy , Atherosclerosis/prevention & control , Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein/therapeutic use , Interleukin-1/antagonists & inhibitors , Thrombosis/drug therapy , Thrombosis/prevention & control , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology , Antirheumatic Agents/pharmacology , Biomarkers , Humans , Inflammation/drug therapy , Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein/pharmacology , Myocardial Infarction/prevention & control , Risk Assessment , Stroke/prevention & control
17.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 87(2): 118-124, abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057326

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Los scores de riesgo se encuentran recomendados para estratificar y predecir mortalidad en el infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IAMCEST). Los modelos ProACS y Simple Risk Index (SRI) son scores simples que demostraron una buena capacidad predictiva de mortalidad intrahospitalaria en otros países. Objetivo: Validar y comparar los scores ProACS y SRI como predictores de mortalidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes con IAMCEST. Material y métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de una cohorte compuesta por pacientes ingresados de forma consecutiva con diagnóstico de IAMCEST, en el que se utilizaron datos del registro CONAREC XVII. Se estimó el valor predictivo para muerte intrahospitalaria y se evaluó la validez mediante la discriminación y la calibración. Resultados: Se analizaron 694 pacientes. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria fue del 8,78%. En aquellos que presentaron el evento, la mediana del score ProACS fue de 4 (Pc 25-75, 2,5-5); y una mediana de 2 (Pc 25-75 1-3) en aquellos que no presentaron (p < 0,001). La mediana del score SRI fue de 41,3 (Pc 25-75, 29,8-62,5) y de 20,8 (Pc 25-75 15,4-30) en aquellos que fallecieron y los que no, respectivamente (p < 0,001), y demostró una excelente discriminación (AUC 0,83, IC95% 0,78-0,88, p = 0,001) y el score ProACS presentó una buena discriminación del desenlace (AUC 0,78, IC95% 0,71-0,86, p = 0.001). La prueba de HL aplicada al score Proacs presentó χ2 = 8,6 (p = 0,3), y el score SRi χ2 = 5,4 (p = 0,7). Conclusiones: Los puntajes de riesgo de ProACS y SRI para la predicción de mortalidad intrahospitalaria fueron validados adecuadamente en pacientes con IAMCEST en Argentina. Esto sugiere su idoneidad para el uso clínico en esta población.


ABSTRACT Background: Risk scores are recommended to stratify and predict mortality in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). The ProACS and Simple Risk Index (SRI) models are simple scores that have demonstrated adequate predictive capacity of in-hospital mortality in other countries. Objective: The aim of this study was to validate and compare the ProACS and SRI scores as predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with STEMI. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of a cohort composed of consecutive patients from the CONAREC XVII registry hospitalized with STEMI diagnosis. The predictive value for in-hospital mortality was estimated and validity was assessed by discrimination and calibration. Results: The study analyzed 694 patients. In-hospital mortality was 8.78%. The median ProACS score was 4 (IQR 25-75, 2.5-5) in patients who presented the event, and 2 (IQR 25-75 1-3) in those without the event (p<0.001) and the median SRI score was 41.3 (IQR 25-75, 29.8-62.5) and 20.8 (IQR 25-75 15.4-30) in those who died and those who did not, respectively (p<0.001). The SRI score showed excellent discrimination (AUC 0.83, 95% CI 0.78-0.88, p=0.001) and the ProACS score evidenced good discrimination (AUC 0.78, 95% CI 0.71-0.86, p= 0.001) for the outcome. The HL test applied to the ProACS score presented χ2=8.6 (p=0.3), and the SRI score χ2=5.4 (p=0.7). Conclusions: The ProACS and SRI risk scores for the prediction of in-hospital mortality were adequately validated in patients with STEMI in Argentina. This suggests their suitability for clinical use in this population.

18.
Rev. argent. reumatol ; 25(4): 44-47, 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-835790

ABSTRACT

La poliangeítis con granulomatosis (GPA) es una enfermedad inflamatoria sistémica; los hallazgos histopatológicos incluyen necrosis tisular, formación de granulomas y vasculitis predominantemente devasos de pequeño y mediano calibre. Se caracteriza por la presencia en plasma de anticuerpos anti-citoplasma de neutrófilo dirigidos contra la proteinasa 3 (PR3-ANCA). La GPA comúnmente afecta la vía aérea superior, los pulmones y los riñones. El compromiso oftalmológico es una importante causa de morbilidad, ocurriendo aproximadamente en la mitad de los pacientes. La escleritis necrotizante (EN) es una manifestación infrecuente y grave de la GPA. Las complicaciones de la EN son la perforación ocular y pérdida de la visión. El tratamiento de inducción consiste en esteroides e inmunosupresores (ciclofosfamida o rituximab). El objetivo de este trabajo es describir 3 casos de GPA con EN como manifestación clínica rara y dominante.


Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a systemic inflammatory disease; histopathologic features often include necrosis, granulomaformation, and vasculitis of small-to-medium size vessels. It’s characterizedby the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm directedagainst proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA). The GPA commonly affects the upperairways, lungs and kidneys. Ophthalmological involvement is animportant cause of morbidity in GPA, occurring in approximately inone-half of patients. Necrotizing scleritis is a rare and severe formof ocular manifestation in GPA. Complications are ocular perforationand loss of vision. Induction therapy involves steroids and immunosuppressants (cyclophosphamide or rituximab). The aim of this studyis to describe 3 cases of GPA with necrotizing scleritis as a rare anddominant clinical manifestation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis , Scleritis
19.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 81(6): 473-479, dic. 2013. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-129774

ABSTRACT

La angiotensina II (Ang II) está involucrada en diferentes procesos fisiopatológicos, particularmente actuando sobre los receptores AT-1 de Ang II (AT1R). El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la función ventricular sistólica y diastólica in vivo e in vitro en ratones con sobreexpresión cardíaca específica del receptor AT-1 de Ang II (AT1R). Un segundo objetivo fue determinar si el bloqueo agudo y crónico del AT1R revierte los cambios en la función ventricular. Se estudiaron ratones divididos en cuatro grupos experimentales. El primer grupo incluyó animales no transgénicos (NTG, n = 10), el segundo grupo ratones transgénicos (TG, n = 7) que sobreexpresan el AT1R solo a nivel cardíaco y el tercero y el cuarto grupos, animales TG tratados con losartán (L) durante 7 días (TG L7, n = 9) y 30 días (TG L30, n = 7), respectivamente. Los ratones TG presentaron hipertrofia ventricular izquierda (HVI). El tratamiento con losartán por 7 días no revirtió la HVI, lo que sí sucede cuando se extiende por 30 días. Los animales TG presentan una disminución significativa de la fracción de acortamiento, desde un valor de 47,1% ± 2,3% hasta 32,3% ± 1,3% (p < 0,05), y de la +dP/dt máx, que se reduce desde un valor de 7.073 ± 674 mm Hg hasta 3.897,5 ± 209,7 mm Hg/seg (p < 0,05). El tratamiento con losartán por 7 y 30 días revierte esta disfunción sistólica. El tiempo de relajación isovolúmica y el t1/2 fueron de 24,1 ± 1,3 mseg y de 5,1 ± 0,5 mseg, respectivamente, en los NTG. Estos índices se incrementaron a 33,1 ± 2,2 mseg y a 8,4 ± 0,4 mseg, respectivamente, en los ratones TG (p < 0,05). Esta alteración de la función diastólica fue revertida por completo con el tratamiento con losartán por 7 y 30 días. El análisis de la función ventricular in vitro con control de variables corroboró los hallazgos realizados in vivo. La sobreexpresión cardíaca de los AT1R induce una disfunción ventricular sistólica y diastólica que es revertida completamente por el bloqueo del AT1R. Este efecto beneficioso es independiente de modificaciones en la masa ventricular izquierda.(AU)


Angiotensin II (Ang II) is involved in various patho-physiological processes through the activation of Ang II AT-1 receptors. The purpose of this study was to assess in vivo and in vitro systolic and diastolic ventricular function in mice overexpressing the cardiac-specific AT-1 receptor (AT1R). A second objective was to deter¡mine whether acute and chronic ATIR blockade revert the changes in ventricular function. Mice were divided into four experimental groups. The first group included non-transgenic animals (NTG, n=10), the second group consisted of transgenic mice (TG, n=7) with cardiac-specific AT1R overexpression and the third and fourth groups were TG animals treated with losartan (L) for 7 (TG L7, n=9) and 30 days (TG L30, n=7), respectively. Transgenic animals exhibited left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) which was only regressed with losartan treatment for 30 days. They also presented a significant decrease in shortening fraction from 47.1 ± 2.3% to 32.3 ± 1.3% (p max from 7073 ± 674 to 3897.5 ± 209.7 mm Hg/sec (p Isovolumic relaxation time and t1/2 were 24.1 ± 1.3 and 5.1 ± 0.5 ms, respectively, in the NTG group. These indexes increased to 33.1 ± 2.2 and 8.4 ± 0.4 ms, respectively, in TG mice (p In conclusion, cardiac-specific AT1R overexpression induces systolic and diastolic ventricular dysfunction which is completely reversed by AT1R blockade. This beneficial effect is independent of left ventricular mass changes.(AU)

20.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 81(6): 473-479, dic. 2013. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-734456

ABSTRACT

La angiotensina II (Ang II) está involucrada en diferentes procesos fisiopatológicos, particularmente actuando sobre los receptores AT-1 de Ang II (AT1R). El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la función ventricular sistólica y diastólica in vivo e in vitro en ratones con sobreexpresión cardíaca específica del receptor AT-1 de Ang II (AT1R). Un segundo objetivo fue determinar si el bloqueo agudo y crónico del AT1R revierte los cambios en la función ventricular. Se estudiaron ratones divididos en cuatro grupos experimentales. El primer grupo incluyó animales no transgénicos (NTG, n = 10), el segundo grupo ratones transgénicos (TG, n = 7) que sobreexpresan el AT1R solo a nivel cardíaco y el tercero y el cuarto grupos, animales TG tratados con losartán (L) durante 7 días (TG L7, n = 9) y 30 días (TG L30, n = 7), respectivamente. Los ratones TG presentaron hipertrofia ventricular izquierda (HVI). El tratamiento con losartán por 7 días no revirtió la HVI, lo que sí sucede cuando se extiende por 30 días. Los animales TG presentan una disminución significativa de la fracción de acortamiento, desde un valor de 47,1% ± 2,3% hasta 32,3% ± 1,3% (p < 0,05), y de la +dP/dt máx, que se reduce desde un valor de 7.073 ± 674 mm Hg hasta 3.897,5 ± 209,7 mm Hg/seg (p < 0,05). El tratamiento con losartán por 7 y 30 días revierte esta disfunción sistólica. El tiempo de relajación isovolúmica y el t1/2 fueron de 24,1 ± 1,3 mseg y de 5,1 ± 0,5 mseg, respectivamente, en los NTG. Estos índices se incrementaron a 33,1 ± 2,2 mseg y a 8,4 ± 0,4 mseg, respectivamente, en los ratones TG (p < 0,05). Esta alteración de la función diastólica fue revertida por completo con el tratamiento con losartán por 7 y 30 días. El análisis de la función ventricular in vitro con control de variables corroboró los hallazgos realizados in vivo. La sobreexpresión cardíaca de los AT1R induce una disfunción ventricular sistólica y diastólica que es revertida completamente por el bloqueo del AT1R. Este efecto beneficioso es independiente de modificaciones en la masa ventricular izquierda.


Angiotensin II (Ang II) is involved in various patho-physiological processes through the activation of Ang II AT-1 receptors. The purpose of this study was to assess in vivo and in vitro systolic and diastolic ventricular function in mice overexpressing the cardiac-specific AT-1 receptor (AT1R). A second objective was to deter­mine whether acute and chronic ATIR blockade revert the changes in ventricular function. Mice were divided into four experimental groups. The first group included non-transgenic animals (NTG, n=10), the second group consisted of transgenic mice (TG, n=7) with cardiac-specific AT1R overexpression and the third and fourth groups were TG animals treated with losartan (L) for 7 (TG L7, n=9) and 30 days (TG L30, n=7), respectively. Transgenic animals exhibited left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) which was only regressed with losartan treatment for 30 days. They also presented a significant decrease in shortening fraction from 47.1 ± 2.3% to 32.3 ± 1.3% (p max from 7073 ± 674 to 3897.5 ± 209.7 mm Hg/sec (p Isovolumic relaxation time and t1/2 were 24.1 ± 1.3 and 5.1 ± 0.5 ms, respectively, in the NTG group. These indexes increased to 33.1 ± 2.2 and 8.4 ± 0.4 ms, respectively, in TG mice (p In conclusion, cardiac-specific AT1R overexpression induces systolic and diastolic ventricular dysfunction which is completely reversed by AT1R blockade. This beneficial effect is independent of left ventricular mass changes.

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