ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Management of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) requires serial imaging surveillance to evaluate the aneurysm dimension. Natural language processing (NLP) has been previously developed to retrospectively identify patients with AAA from electronic health records (EHRs). However, there are no reported studies that use NLP to identify patients with AAA in near real-time from radiology reports. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop and validate a rule-based NLP algorithm for near real-time automatic extraction of AAA diagnosis from radiology reports for case identification. METHODS: The AAA-NLP algorithm was developed and deployed to an EHR big data infrastructure for near real-time processing of radiology reports from May 1, 2019, to September 2020. NLP extracted named entities for AAA case identification and classified subjects as cases and controls. The reference standard to assess algorithm performance was a manual review of processed radiology reports by trained physicians following standardized criteria. Reviewers were blinded to the diagnosis of each subject. The AAA-NLP algorithm was refined in 3 successive iterations. For each iteration, the AAA-NLP algorithm was modified based on performance compared to the reference standard. RESULTS: A total of 360 reports were reviewed, of which 120 radiology reports were randomly selected for each iteration. At each iteration, the AAA-NLP algorithm performance improved. The algorithm identified AAA cases in near real-time with high positive predictive value (0.98), sensitivity (0.95), specificity (0.98), F1 score (0.97), and accuracy (0.97). CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of NLP for accurate identification of AAA cases from radiology reports with high performance in near real time is feasible. This NLP technique will support automated input for patient care and clinical decision support tools for the management of patients with AAA. .
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Clinical practice guidelines recommend antiplatelet and statin therapies as well as blood pressure control and tobacco cessation for secondary prevention in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs). However, these strategies for risk modification are underused, especially in rural communities. Moreover, resources to support the delivery of preventive care to rural patients are fewer than those for their urban counterparts. Transformative interventions for the delivery of tailored preventive cardiovascular care to rural patients are needed. OBJECTIVE: A multidisciplinary team developed a rural-specific, team-based model of care intervention assisted by clinical decision support (CDS) technology using participatory design in a sociotechnical conceptual framework. The model of care intervention included redesigned workflows and a novel CDS technology for the coordination and delivery of guideline recommendations by primary care teams in a rural clinic. METHODS: The design of the model of care intervention comprised 3 phases: problem identification, experimentation, and testing. Input from team members (n=35) required 150 hours, including observations of clinical encounters, provider workshops, and interviews with patients and health care professionals. The intervention was prototyped, iteratively refined, and tested with user feedback. In a 3-month pilot trial, 369 patients with ASCVDs were randomized into the control or intervention arm. RESULTS: New workflows and a novel CDS tool were created to identify patients with ASCVDs who had gaps in preventive care and assign the right care team member for delivery of tailored recommendations. During the pilot, the intervention prototype was iteratively refined and tested. The pilot demonstrated feasibility for successful implementation of the sociotechnical intervention as the proportion of patients who had encounters with advanced practice providers (nurse practitioners and physician assistants), pharmacists, or tobacco cessation coaches for the delivery of guideline recommendations in the intervention arm was greater than that in the control arm. CONCLUSIONS: Participatory design and a sociotechnical conceptual framework enabled the development of a rural-specific, team-based model of care intervention assisted by CDS technology for the transformation of preventive health care delivery for ASCVDs.
Subject(s)
Decision Support Systems, Clinical , Rural Population , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Blood Pressure , Humans , Preventive Health ServicesABSTRACT
Descripción de una complicación en una reparación de AAA con dispositivo anaconda fenestrada (Vascutek, Terumo(R)) por desconexión de stent renal en la que se plantearon estrategias de manejo para su corrección con un adecuado desenlace angiográfico y clínico
Description of complication in repair of AAA with fenestrated anaconda device (Vascutek Ltd./Terumo(R)), due to disconnection of renal stent where management strategies were proposed for its correction with an adequate angiographic and clinical outcome
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis/adverse effects , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Stents/adverse effects , Intraoperative Complications/therapy , Treatment Failure , Prosthesis Failure , Renal Artery/diagnostic imaging , AngiographyABSTRACT
Resumen La enfermedad cardiaca isquémica continúa siendo en la actualidad la principal causa de muerte en el mundo, pues genera más de 17.7 millones de decesos al año; específicamente, constituye alrededor del 30% de todas las causas de muerte en Colombia. Se han establecido diferentes estrategias de manejo que con el paso del tiempo han mostrado impacto en la disminución de la morbilidad y mortalidad por esta causa. La intervención coronaria percutánea es la que más se ha impuesto, y es en la actualidad la piedra angular para el tratamiento del síndrome coronario con o sin elevación del segmento ST. Existen diferentes sitios de acceso vascular; entre ellos los más destacados son la vía femoral y la radial. En este artículo se revisa la evidencia actual con base en estudios prospectivos y meta-análisis sobre las complicaciones y el posible compromiso de la funcionalidad de las extremidades irrigadas por los diferentes vasos de acceso.
Abstract Ischaemic heart disease still continues to be the main cause of death worldwide. It causes 17.7 million deaths, and in particular it constitutes around 30% of all-cause mortality in Colombia. Different management strategies have been established that, over time, have shown an impact in the reduction in the morbidity and mortality by this cause. Percutaneous coronary intervention has been the most effective, and is currently the cornerstone for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome with or without ST segment elevation. There are different vascular accesses, with the main ones being the femoral or radial route. In this article, the current evidence is reviewed, based on prospective studies and meta-analyses on the complications and possible compromise of functionality of the limbs irrigated by the different access vessels.
