ABSTRACT
Rhabditis spp., is a nematode known to cause otitis externa, an infection difficult to control, in cattle reared within tropical regions. The objective of this study was to assess the combined use of ivermectin 1%, dimethyl sulfoxide 1% and mineral oil 100% containing nematophagous fungi of both Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) and Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34) species to control in vitro Rhabditis spp. Thus, 12 experimental groups were designed with eight replicates each: G1 (nematodesâ¯+â¯AC001); G2 (nematodesâ¯+â¯NF34); G3 (nematodesâ¯+â¯ivermectin 1%/positive control); G4 (nematodesâ¯+â¯dimethyl sulfoxide 1%/positive control); G5 (nematodesâ¯+â¯mineral oil 100%/positive control); G6 (nematodesâ¯+â¯AC001 + ivermectin 1%); G7 (nematodesâ¯+â¯NF34 + ivermectin 1%); G8 (nematodesâ¯+â¯AC001 + mineral oil 100%); G9 (nematodesâ¯+â¯NF34 + mineral oil 100%); G10 (nematodesâ¯+â¯AC001 + dimethyl sulfoxide 1%); G11 (nematodeâ¯+â¯NF34 + dimethyl sulfoxide 1%); G12 (nematodeâ¯+â¯distilled water/negative control). The results demonstrated that all experimentally treated groups differed statistically (pâ¯<â¯0.01) from the control group. In the present study, the use of dimethyl sulfoxide 1% and mineral oil 100% in conjunction with conidia fungi portrayed noteworthy outcomes, which represents a future premise for the combined use of nematophagous fungi within these vehicles in both controlling Rhabditis spp.
Subject(s)
Antiparasitic Agents/pharmacology , Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology , Ivermectin/pharmacology , Mineral Oil/pharmacology , Rhabditida Infections/veterinary , Rhabditoidea/drug effects , Animals , Antiparasitic Agents/therapeutic use , Ascomycota/physiology , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/drug therapy , Cattle Diseases/parasitology , Cattle Diseases/prevention & control , Dairying , Dimethyl Sulfoxide/therapeutic use , Duddingtonia/physiology , Female , Ivermectin/therapeutic use , Male , Mineral Oil/therapeutic use , Mitosporic Fungi/physiology , Otitis Externa/drug therapy , Otitis Externa/parasitology , Otitis Externa/prevention & control , Otitis Externa/veterinary , Rhabditida Infections/drug therapy , Rhabditida Infections/microbiology , Rhabditida Infections/prevention & control , Rhabditoidea/microbiologyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the action of Paecilomyces marquandii proteases on Ancylostoma spp L3. White halos in the zymogram confirmed the proteolytic action. Difference (p <0.01) between the number of L3 in the differents groups was found, with 41.4% of reduction of Ancylostoma spp. L3 before 24 hours.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Angiostrongylus vasorum is a nematode parasite of domestic dogs and potentially of humans. METHODS: This study aimed to observe the predatory activity in vitro of a crude enzyme extract of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans on first-stage larvae of A. vasorum in laboratory conditions on 2% water-agar. RESULTS: At the end of the experiment, the percentage reductions observed for A. vasorum L1 were 53.5% (24h) and 71.3% (48h). CONCLUSIONS: Crude enzyme extract of the fungus D. flagrans destroyed the L1 in vitro and can be used as a biological control for this nematode.
Subject(s)
Angiostrongylus/drug effects , Ascomycota/chemistry , Complex Mixtures/pharmacology , Pest Control, Biological/methods , Angiostrongylus/growth & development , Animals , Dogs , Larva/growth & development , Larva/microbiologyABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO: Angiostrongylus vasorum é um nematóide que parasita cães domésticos e eventualmente o homem. MÉTODOS: O objetivo deste trabalho foi observar a atividade predatória in vitro do extrato bruto enzimático do fungo Duddingtonia flagrans sobre larvas de primeiro estádio A. vasorum em condições laboratoriais no meio ágar-água 2 por cento. RESULTADOS: Ao final do experimento, os percentuais de redução das L1 de A. vasorum observados foram de: 53,5 por cento (24h) e 71,3 por cento (48h) CONCLUSÕES: O extrato bruto enzimático do fungo D. flagrans destruiu in vitro as L1, podendo ser utilizado como controle biológico desse nematóide.
INTRODUCTION: Angiostrongylus vasorum is a nematode parasite of domestic dogs and potentially of humans. METHODS: This study aimed to observe the predatory activity in vitro of a crude enzyme extract of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans on first-stage larvae of A. vasorum in laboratory conditions on 2 percent water-agar. RESULTS: At the end of the experiment, the percentage reductions observed for A. vasorum L1 were 53.5 percent (24h) and 71.3 percent (48h). CONCLUSIONS: Crude enzyme extract of the fungus D. flagrans destroyed the L1 in vitro and can be used as a biological control for this nematode.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Angiostrongylus/drug effects , Ascomycota/chemistry , Complex Mixtures/pharmacology , Pest Control, Biological/methods , Angiostrongylus/growth & development , Larva/growth & development , Larva/microbiologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Ancylostoma sp is a potentially zoonotic geohelminth. METHODS: This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the action of crude enzyme extract of Pochonia chlamydosporia (VC4) on eggs of Ancylostoma sp in 2% water-agar and in fecal cultures. RESULTS: The percentage reduction in Ancylostoma sp egg eclosion was 76.8% in Petri dishes of the treated group compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The crude enzyme extract of Pochonia chlamydosporia was effective at reducing Ancylostoma sp egg eclosion and can be used as biological control of this nematode.
Subject(s)
Ancylostoma/drug effects , Complex Mixtures/pharmacology , Hypocreales/enzymology , Animals , Complex Mixtures/isolation & purification , Ovum/drug effects , Pest Control, Biological/methodsABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO: Ancylostoma sp é um geo-helminto potencialmente zoonótico. MÉTODOS: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar in vitro a ação do extrato bruto enzimático de Pochonia chlamydosporia (VC4) sobre ovos de Ancylostoma sp, em meio ágar-água 2 por cento e em cultura de fezes. RESULTADOS: Observou-se um percentual de redução na eclosão dos ovos de Ancylostoma sp, de 76,8 por cento na placas de Petri do grupo tratado em relação ao grupo controle. CONCLUSÕES: O extrato bruto enzimático de Pochonia chlamydosporia foi eficiente na redução da eclosão dos ovos de Ancylostoma sp, podendo ser utilizado como controlador biológico desse nematoide.
INTRODUCTION: Ancylostoma sp is a potentially zoonotic geohelminth. METHODS: This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the action of crude enzyme extract of Pochonia chlamydosporia (VC4) on eggs of Ancylostoma sp in 2 percent water-agar and in fecal cultures. RESULTS: The percentage reduction in Ancylostoma sp egg eclosion was 76.8 percent in Petri dishes of the treated group compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The crude enzyme extract of Pochonia chlamydosporia was effective at reducing Ancylostoma sp egg eclosion and can be used as biological control of this nematode.
