Seroprevalence of HIV infection among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Yaounde-Cameroun.

To determine the seroprevalence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in pulmonary tuberculosis patients, we conducted an HIV serosurvey in 162 inpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis, in Yaoundé Cameroon. HIV seroprevalence in hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis patients was found to be 9.9% as compared to the seroprevalence rate of 2.2% for Yaounde, the area from which the patients we studied came. No differences were observed in the clinical, radiological and bacteriological features between HIV seropositive and seronegative patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

[Yellow fever epidemic in the extreme North of Cameroon in 1990: first yellow fever virus isolation in Cameroon]. / L'épidémie de fièvre jaune de l'extrême nord du Cameroun en 1990: premier isolement du virus amaril au Cameroun.

Some two years ago, suspicious cases of yellow fever (YF) were reported in northern Cameroon. A deadly epidemic broke out during the second half of the rainy season (from 15 September to 22 December 1990) with 180 known cases, of which 125 died. The real figures could have been between 5000 and 20,000 cases with between 500 and 1000 deaths. The affected area was within the yellow fever belt, which is situated around latitude 11 degrees North and 14 degrees East. In this mountainous area (altitude, about 800 m) the rural inhabitants are scattered, with a high density of 200,000 people per 1000 km2. Investigations began at the start of the dry season and a strain of yellow fever virus was isolated for the first time in Cameroon. A study of 107 serum samples (23 families in 11 villages) was carried out by immunofluorescence and ELISA, which showed 20% IgM carriers for yellow fever virus and nothing for the three other flaviviruses, although these were largely present; there were up to 98% crossed reactions in IgG with dengue 2 and West Nile strains. The under-10 age group represented 63% of the IgM carriers. An entomological study was carried out at the same time. It permitted the capture of Aedes aegypti, A. furcifer, A. luteocephalus and the identification of numerous potential larval sites, at times still in the productive phase of A. aegypti which is considered to be the principal vector.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Uncomplicated attack of malaria in an area with high resistance to chloroquine. I. Evaluation of a short treatment with quinine]. / L'accès palustre simple en zone de haut niveau de résistance à la chloroquine. I. Evaluation d'un traitement court par la quinine.

The good results achieved in the treatment of malaria with a 7 and 5 days one of quinine (orally dose 8 mg/kg/8 h), incited the authors to try a 3 days long treatment at the same dose. They experimented this protocol on hospitalised children. All patients were free of parasites at day 7 with an average residual concentration quinine of 2.7 +/- 0.8 mg/l. Among the 7 patients with malaria at day 14, 4 didn't require another treatment and 2 presented new infestation. 50% of plasmodial isolated strains were chloroquine resistant and 40% amodiaquine resistant. The efficiency of this protocol could be in favour of its larger use.

[First results of bacteriologic study of strains of Haemophilus influenzae isolated from meningitis in the Abidjan University Hospital Center (Ivory Coast)]. / Premiers résultats d'une étude bactériologique de souches d'Haemophilus influenzae isolées de méningites au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire).

Biovars and serovars of 132 Haemophilus influenzae isolated from cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) in Treichville hospital during a period of October 1986 to July 1988 were studied. Usual distribution was not found: biovar IV was first met (49.2%) followed by biovars I (28.8%), III (14.4%), II (6.1%) and V (1.5%). Strains belong to serovar b in 88% of cases.

[Analysis of 3 years of blood cultures in the University Hospital Center of Treichville (Abidjan)]. / Analyse de trois années d'hémoculture au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Treichville (Abidjan).

From august 1985 to september 1988, 7819 blood cultures aero-anaerobic bacteria in a Brain Heart-broth. 1383 blood cultures were positive (18%). We isolated first Salmonella, followed then by Staphylococci.