[Oncotropic viruses and antitumor autovaccines (review)].

Oncotropic viruses and antitumor autovaccines are reviewed. The progress of tumor process is associated with the invasive growth and the formation of metastases. Nowadays it is obvious that micrometastases are formed before any clinical symptoms are revealed, and, therefore, at the stage of clinical manifestation neoplastic process is in fact a systemic pathology and the surgical intervention is quite inefficient. This work deals with the main mechanisms of the progress of neoplastically transformed cells. Special account is given to the processes and methods which determine the antiblastomic effectiveness of the systemic influence of oncotropic viruses and antitumor autovaccines. The vaccine generated from the autologous tumor cells is actually quite individual. Тechnological procedure requires that the tissues should be removed from different places (primary base, metastases, lymph nodes), otherwise, the immune response to one or several determinants associated with tumor will not block the developing process, but it will promote the selective growth of subclones on the surface of which those determinants are not revealed. Hence, pharmacists face a difficult task - for the purpose of the advancement of the effectiveness of antitumor autovaccine therapy all the blastomic subclones should be infected with oncotropic viruses and additional viral antigens should be formed on their surface. Attenuated strains of natural viruses (flu, measles, herpes) and genetically engineered recombinanted viruses are generally used as oncotherapeutic agents. During the combined viro- and vaccinotherapy it is essentially important to keep the sequence of the following stages: 1) Evaluation of immune status and infection of the organism with oncotropic viruses; 2) Implementation of radical operation before the formation of antiviral immunoglobulins; 3) Removal of tumor tissues from different places ant preparation of autovaccine; 4) Starting the immunization.

[Prevention of errors and complications in formation of esophageal layer-by-layer apparatus anastomosis].

The aim of the research is to analyze the outcome of treatment of patients with cardioesophageal cancer. Subtotal resection of esophagus with gastrectomy was performed on 3 patients. On 9 patients the resection of esophagus with gastrectomy from left thoracophrenolaparotomy was performed. Gastrectomy with resection of abdominal part of esophagus was performed on 10 patients. Transhiatal mediastinal lymphadenectomy S2D2 was carried out in all cases. The esophageal anastomosis has been formed by circular apparatus EEA and SPTU. The functional condition of anastomosis was investigated by X-ray, endoscopical and endo-sonographical methods in the postoperative period. The complications caused by technical errors of esophageal anastomosis were reviewed. The regeneration of circular anastomosis depends of adequate blood supply of anastomosis, observance of safety rules of imposing circular anastomosis. Reasonable application of circular apparatus, the refined technics of imposing anastomosis, X-ray, endoscopical and endo- sonographical research methods decrease complications and promote recovery.

[The model specification of the period without recurrences in rats after Pliss lymphosarcoma resection].

The purpose of the present study was to make an experimental model of the period without recurrences in rats after Pliss lymphosarcoma (PLS) resection. Experiments were carried out on white low-bred male rats (n=109). For the tumor transinoculation the rats received subcutaneously 0.2 ml of the aseptic 50% suspension of PLS prepared according to the standards on saline without antibiotic addition. The injections were done in the right abdomen region. The animals were classified into three groups. Group 1 was used for control. An operation of lymphosarcoma resection was carried out on the rats from group 2 on the fifth day from the tumor inoculation. The tumor in the animals from group 3 was dissected on 12-22nd day from its inoculation. At the same time the specification of the duration of the period without recurrences was estimated in every group. According to the suggested method the Pliss lymphosarcoma resection significantly increases the life duration of operated rats that proves the efficiency of surgical interventions. The absence of intraoperative and postoperative lethality on the fifth day from the Pliss lymphosarcoma resection and 100% animal death resulting from the recurrences makes the proposed model potentially suitable for the investigation of adjuvant methods that are used in the treatment of cancer.