Desarrollo de enfermedades concomitantes en pacientes críticos con COVID-19 / Development of concomitant diseases in COVID-19 critically ill patients

Puede ser necesaria una reflexión sobre cuál es el mejor abordaje para las enfermedades agudas concomitantes que pueden desarrollar los pacientes críticos con COVID-19. Estos requieren una sospecha diagnóstica y un tratamiento precoz, basados en el trabajo de equipos multidisciplinares. Presentamos dos casos de enfermedades concomitantes en pacientes con COVID-19. Un paciente diagnosticado de COVID-19 con buena evolución respiratoria que tras extubación presentó una colecistitis acalculosa y un paciente con neumonía por COVID-19 que presentó una sobreinfección con neumonía necrotizante, cuyo primer síntoma fue hemoptisis y fue finalmente tratado con embolización arterial por radiología intervencionista

It may be necessary a consideration about the best approach to the acute concomitant problems that critical COVID-19 patients can develop. They require a rapid diagnosis and an early treatment by a multidisciplinary team. As a result, we would like to describe two clinical cases a patient with diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia with good respiratory evolution that, after extubation suffered an acalculous cholecystitis and a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia that suffered an overinfection with necrotising pneumonia that presented with haemoptysis and was finally treated with arterial embolisation by the interventional radiologist's team

Development of concomitant diseases in COVID-19 critically ill patients. / Desarrollo de enfermedades concomitantes en pacientes críticos con COVID-19.

It may be necessary a consideration about the best approach to the acute concomitant problems that critical COVID-19 patients can develop. They require a rapid diagnosis and an early treatment by a multidisciplinary team. As a result, we would like to describe two clinical cases a patient with diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia with good respiratory evolution that, after extubation suffered an acalculous cholecystitis and a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia that suffered an overinfection with necrotising pneumonia that presented with haemoptysis and was finally treated with arterial embolisation by the interventional radiologist's team.

Scavenging system obstruction: a cause of raised PEEP during a magnetic resonance-guided neurosurgical procedure / Obstrucción en el sistema de drenaje: una causa de aumento en la PEEP en Neurocirugía guiada por Resonancia Magnética

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Relation between acute and long-term cognitive decline after surgery: Influence of metabolic syndrome.

INTRODUCTION: The relationship between persistent postoperative cognitive decline and the more common acute variety remains unknown; using data acquired in preclinical studies of postoperative cognitive decline we attempted to characterize this relationship. METHODS: Low capacity runner (LCR) rats, which have all the features of the metabolic syndrome, were compared postoperatively with high capacity runner (HCR) rats for memory, assessed by trace fear conditioning (TFC) on the 7th postoperative day, and learning and memory (probe trial [PT]) assessed by the Morris water-maze (MWM) at 3 months postoperatively. Rate of learning (AL) data from the MWM test, were estimated by non-linear mixed effects modeling. The individual rat's TFC result at postoperative day (POD) 7 was correlated with its AL and PT from the MWM data sets at postoperative day POD 90. RESULTS: A single exponential decay model best described AL in the MWM with LCR and surgery (LCR-SURG) being the only significant covariates; first order AL rate constant was 0.07 s(-1) in LCR-SURG and 0.16s(-1) in the remaining groups (p<0.05). TFC was significantly correlated with both AL (R=0.74; p<0.0001) and PT (R=0.49; p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Severity of memory decline at 1 week after surgery presaged long-lasting deteriorations in learning and memory.

Utilidad de un cuestionario autoadministrado multidimensional para la gestión de una unidad clínica de tratamiento de dolor / Usefulness of a multidimensional self-administered questionnaire for the clinical management of a pain treatment unit

Objective. To study the feasibility of a multidimensional self-administered questionnaire before the patient is seen at the first visit in a clinical Pain Treatment Unit (PTU) of a tertiary hospital, and its impact on the management of patients in the first visit. Patients and methods. Cross-sectional study. Self-administered questionnaire that gathered: socio-demographic data, medical history of pain, pain perception (intensity and characteristics), comorbidity of pain and patient expectations of analgesic treatment ("What do you expect from our treatment? If we cannot resolve your pain, what level of pain would you be willing to live with?). A descriptive analysis was performed. Results. A total of 293 consecutive patients (31% men, 69% women), mean age (SD) 62 (16) years-old, were included in 2011. All patients completed and returned the questionnaire before the first visit to the PTU. The questionnaire was completed fully and correctly by 80% (234, 95% CI: 75-84) of the patients, and the rest completed the questionnaire with some points unanswered. About 24% (70/293, 95% CI: 19-29) of the patients should not have been referred to the PTU [20% were not attended]. A small percentage (9%,26/293, 95% CI: 6-13) were evaluated as «urgent’» and visited over the following 7 days, with 19% (56/293, 95%CI: 15-24) being «preferential» (visited before 15 days) and 52% (152/293, 95% CI: 46-58) as «non-urgent/non-preferential» (visited before 60 days). Almost one third (30%, 87/293, 95% CI: 25-35) did not need a second visit to the PTU. Patient expectations: 21% expected complete pain relief and 64% would accept a lower pain intensity score of 4. Conclusion. The use of a multidimensional self-administered questionnaire before the first visit to a clinical Pain Treatment Unit of a tertiary hospital was a practicable and useful tool for the management of patients on the first visit. Likewise, the questionnaire provided information on the patient's perception of pain and the expectations concerning the analgesic treatment (AU)

Objetivo. Estudiar la factibilidad de un cuestionario autoadministrado multidimensional antes de que el paciente sea atendido en primera visita en la unidad de tratamiento del dolor (UTD) de un hospital terciario, y su impacto en la gestión de pacientes en la primera visita. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio transversal. Cuestionario autoadministrado: características sociodemográficas, historia clínica del dolor, percepción del dolor (intensidad y sus características), comorbilidad del dolor y expectativas del paciente al tratamiento analgésico («¿qué es lo que usted espera de nuestro tratamiento?», si no podemos resolver su dolor «¿qué nivel de dolor aceptaría?»). Se realizó un análisis descriptivo. Resultados. Durante el año 2011 fueron incluidos 293 pacientes consecutivos (31% hombres, 69% mujeres; edad media 62 ± 16 años). Todos los pacientes cumplimentaron y entregaron el cuestionario antes de la primera visita en la UTD. El 80% (234/293, IC 95%: 75-84) de pacientes lo cumplimentaron completa y correctamente; el resto lo aportaron con algunos puntos sin contestar. El 24% (70/293, IC 95%: 19-29) de pacientes no deberían haber sido remitidos a la UTD (un 20% no llegaron a ser visitados en la UTD). Un 9% (26/293, IC 95%: 6-13) de las primeras visitas se consideraron «urgentes» (y estos pacientes fueron visitados en la UTD antes de 7 días), mientras que el 19% (56/293, IC 95%: 15-24) se calificaron de «preferentes» (atendidos antes de 15 días) y el 52% (152/293, IC 95%: 46-58) de «no-urgentes/no-preferentes» (atendidos antes de 60 días). Un 30% (87/293, IC 95%: 25-35) de los casos no necesitaron una segunda visita en la UTD. Respecto a las expectativas del paciente cabe reseñar que el 21% esperaban un alivio completo de su dolor, y el 64% aceptarían continuar con un dolor de intensidad < 4. Conclusión. El uso del cuestionario autoadministrado multidimensional antes de la primera visita en una Unidad Clínica del Tratamiento del Dolor de un hospital terciario fue practicable y útil como instrumento para la gestión de los pacientes en primera visita. Asimismo, proporcionó información sobre la percepción del dolor y las expectativas del paciente referente al tratamiento analgésico (AU)

[Usefulness of a multidimensional self-administered questionnaire for the clinical management of a pain treatment unit]. / Utilidad de un cuestionario autoadministrado multidimensional para la gestión de una unidad clínica de tratamiento de dolor.

OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of a multidimensional self-administered questionnaire before the patient is seen at the first visit in a clinical Pain Treatment Unit (PTU) of a tertiary hospital, and its impact on the management of patients in the first visit. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study. Self-administered questionnaire that gathered: socio-demographic data, medical history of pain, pain perception (intensity and characteristics), comorbidity of pain and patient expectations of analgesic treatment ("What do you expect from our treatment? If we cannot resolve your pain, what level of pain would you be willing to live with?). A descriptive analysis was performed. RESULTS: A total of 293 consecutive patients (31% men, 69% women), mean age (SD) 62 (16) years-old, were included in 2011. All patients completed and returned the questionnaire before the first visit to the PTU. The questionnaire was completed fully and correctly by 80% (234, 95% CI: 75-84) of the patients, and the rest completed the questionnaire with some points unanswered. About 24% (70/293, 95% CI: 19-29) of the patients should not have been referred to the PTU [20% were not attended]. A small percentage (9%,26/293, 95% CI: 6-13) were evaluated as «urgent'¼ and visited over the following 7 days, with 19% (56/293, 95%CI: 15-24) being «preferential¼ (visited before 15 days) and 52% (152/293, 95% CI: 46-58) as «non-urgent/non-preferential¼ (visited before 60 days). Almost one third (30%, 87/293, 95% CI: 25-35) did not need a second visit to the PTU. Patient expectations: 21% expected complete pain relief and 64% would accept a lower pain intensity score of 4. CONCLUSION: The use of a multidimensional self-administered questionnaire before the first visit to a clinical Pain Treatment Unit of a tertiary hospital was a practicable and useful tool for the management of patients on the first visit. Likewise, the questionnaire provided information on the patient's perception of pain and the expectations concerning the analgesic treatment.