ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a risk factor for severe cases of COVID-19. There are no studies evaluating whether the presence of CVD in pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19 is associated with a worse prognosis. In an anonymized open database of the Ministry of Health, we selected cases of pregnant and postpartum women who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection and with data regarding their CVD status. In the SIVEP GRIPE data dictionary, CVD is defined as "presence of cardiovascular disease", excluding those of neurological and nephrological causes that are pointed out in another field. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of CVD (CVD and non-CVD groups). Among the 1,876,953 reported cases, 3,562 confirmed cases of pregnant and postpartum women were included, of which 602 had CVD. Patients with CVD had an older age (p<0,001), a higher incidence of diabetes (p<0,001) and obesity (p<0,001), a higher frequency of systemic (p<0,001) and respiratory symptoms (p<0,001). CVD was a risk factor for ICU admission (p<0,001), ventilatory support (p = 0.004) and orotracheal intubation in the third trimester (OR 1.30 CI95%1.04-1.62). The group CVD had a higher mortality (18.9% vs. 13.5%, p<0,001), with a 32% higher risk of death (OR 1.32 CI95%1.16-1.50). Moreover, the risk was increased in the second (OR 1.94 CI95%1.43-2.63) and third (OR 1.29 CI95%1.04-1.60) trimesters, as well as puerperium (OR 1.27 CI95%1.03-1.56). Hospitalized obstetric patients with CVD and COVID-19 are more symptomatic. Their management demand more ICU admission and ventilatory support and the mortality is higher.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Cardiovascular Diseases , Pregnancy , Humans , Female , Prognosis , Postpartum Period , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivo avaliar a confiabilidade da Escala Interativa de Amamentação. Método estudo metodológico, que seguiu a terceira etapa do método de Pasquali para elaboração de escalas, desenvolvido com 216 puérperas, em hospital universitário da região Sudeste do Brasil. Para avaliação da confiabilidade, foram utilizados o percentual de concordância (pa) acima de 80%, o Kappa ponderado (Kp), a second-order agreement coefficient (AC2) de Gwet e o alfa de Cronbach. Resultados o percentual de concordância dos itens foi de 83,33%; o valor global do alfa de Cronbach foi de 0,67; o coeficiente AC2 com ponderações quadrática e linear obteve a confiabilidade quase perfeita. Conclusão e implicação para a prática a avaliação da confiabilidade da Escala Interativa de Amamentação foi alta, e foi confirmada pelos resultados que asseguram a qualidade do instrumento na população estudada, mostrando-se um instrumento confiável e válido para avaliar os fatores que interferem na interação mãe-filho durante a amamentação.
Resumen Objetivo evaluar la confiabilidad de la Escala Interactiva de Lactancia Materna. Método estudio metodológico, que siguió el tercer paso del método Pasquali para la elaboración de escalas, desarrollado con 216 puérperas, en un hospital universitario de la región Sureste de Brasil. Para evaluar la confiabilidad, se utilizaron el porcentaje de concordancia (pa) por encima del 80%, el Kappa ponderado (Kp), el coeficiente de concordancia de segundo orden (AC2) de Gwet y el alfa de Cronbach. Resultados el porcentaje de concordancia fue del 83,33%; el valor global del alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,67; el coeficiente AC2 con pesos cuadráticos y lineales obtuvo una confiabilidad casi perfecta. Conclusión e implicación para la práctica la evaluación de la confiabilidad de la Escala Interactiva de Lactancia Materna fue alta, y fue confirmada por los resultados que aseguran la calidad del instrumento en la población estudiada, demostrando ser un instrumento confiable y válido para evaluar los factores que interfieren en la interacción madre-hijo durante la lactancia.
Abstract Objective to assess the Interactive Breastfeeding Scale reliability. Method a methodological study that followed the third stage of Pasquali's method for the elaboration of scales, carried out with 216 postpartum women at a university hospital in southeastern Brazil. To assess reliability, percentage of agreement (pa) above 80%, the weighted Kappa (Kp), Gwet's second-order agreement coefficient (AC2) and Cronbach's alpha were used. Results the percentage of agreement was 83.33%; the overall Cronbach's alpha value was 0.67; the AC2 coefficient with quadratic and linear weights obtained near-perfect reliability. Conclusion and implication for practice the Interactive Breastfeeding Scale reliability assessment was high, and it was confirmed by the results that ensure instrument quality in the population studied, proving to be a reliable and valid instrument to assess factors that interfere in the mother-child interaction while breastfeeding.
