ABSTRACT
Introdução: O carcinoma basocelular é o tipo mais frequente de lesão tumoral de pele acometendo frequentemente a região nasal. Os defeitos resultantes exigem o emprego de técnicas de reconstrução nasal. A primeira cirurgia plástica descrita é a reconstrução nasal segundo o método indiano. Ao longo dos séculos sofreu diversas modificações pelos maiores nomes da especialidade, culminando no retalho frontal paramediano. Relato do Caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 62 anos, apresentou-se no serviço de Cirurgia Plástica do Hospital Federal de Ipanema com lesão ulcerada, descamativa, ocupando toda a região lateral do nariz com três anos de evolução, sugestiva ao exame físico de tumor maligno de pele. Foi realizada exérese da lesão cutânea e imediata reconstrução com retalho frontal paramediano e posterior cirurgia de refinamento. Conclusão: Devido à sua vascularização pela artéria supratroclear e textura semelhante ao tecido nasal, o retalho frontal paramediano constitui-se como o gold standard para a correção de grandes defeitos nasais.
Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma is the most frequent type of tumoral lesion of the skin, often affecting the nasal region. The resulting defects require the use of nasal reconstruction techniques. The first plastic surgery described is the nasal reconstruction, according to the Indian method. Over the centuries, it has been the object of several modifications by the biggest names in the specialty, culminating in the paramedian frontal flap. Case Report: A 62-year-old male patient went to the Plastic Surgery Service of the Federal Hospital of Ipanema, presenting an ulcerated, scaly lesion, occupying the entire lateral region of the nose with three years of evolution, suggesting at physical examination malignant skin tumor. It was performed cutaneous lesion excision and immediate reconstruction with a paramedian frontal flap and further refinement surgery. Conclusion: Due to its vascularization by the supratrochlear artery and texture similar to the nasal tissue, the paramedian frontal flap is the gold standard for the correction of significant nasal defects.
ABSTRACT
O complexo auricular representa sede frequente de lesões, especialmente de origem tumoral ou resultante de eventos traumáticos. Diversas são as opções cirúrgicas para restaurar a integridade anatômica da orelha. Relatamos o caso de um paciente que apresentou lesões tumorais em mais de uma ocasião na face anterior da orelha esquerda e que precisou de intervenção cirúrgica para a correção do defeito gerado pela excisão tumoral. Como procedimento proposto, planejamos e executamos um retalho insular de base superior, que por meio de um túnel criado na projeção da fossa triangular foi rodado para a fossa escafoide, reparando-a em um único tempo cirúrgico, apresentando resultados estético e funcional satisfatórios ao paciente.
The auricular complex is commonly affected by tumors or traumatic events. Several surgical options are available for restoration of ear anatomy. We report the case of a patient who presented with tumor lesions on more than one occasion in the anterior left ear and required surgical intervention to correct the defect generated by excision. As a proposed procedure, we designed and executed a superiorly-based insular flap that was rotated to the scaphoid fossa through a tunnel created in the projection of the triangular fossa; this was performed in a single stage, and the patient was satisfied with the aesthetic and functional results.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Ear Neoplasms/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Ear/surgery , Wounds and Injuries , Patient Satisfaction , EstheticsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the determinants of intensive insulin regimens (ITs) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS: This multicenter study was conducted between December 2008 and December 2010 in 28 public clinics in 20 Brazilian cities. Data were obtained from 3,591 patients (56.0% female, 57.1% Caucasian). Insulin regimens were classified as follows: group 1, conventional therapy (CT) (intermediate human insulin, one to two injections daily); group 2 (three or more insulin injections of intermediate plus regular human insulin); group 3 (three or more insulin injections of intermediate human insulin plus short-acting insulin analogues); group 4, basal-bolus (one or two insulin injections of long-acting plus short-acting insulin analogues or regular insulin); and group 5, basal-bolus with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Groups 2 to 5 were considered IT groups. RESULTS: We obtained complete data from 2,961 patients. Combined intermediate plus regular human insulin was the most used therapeutic regimen. CSII was used by 37 (1.2%) patients and IT by 2,669 (90.2%) patients. More patients on IT performed self-monitoring of blood glucose and were treated at the tertiary care level compared to CT patients (p < 0.001). The majority of patients from all groups had HbA1c levels above the target. Overweight or obesity was not associated with insulin regimen. Logistic regression analysis showed that economic status, age, ethnicity, and level of care were associated with IT (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Given the prevalence of intensive treatment for T1D in Brazil, more effective therapeutic strategies are needed for long term-health benefits.
