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1.
Sci Adv ; 8(14): eabm2996, 2022 Apr 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35385303

ABSTRACT

Early inhabitants along the hyperarid coastal Atacama Desert in northern Chile developed resilience strategies over 12,000 years, allowing these communities to effectively adapt to this extreme environment, including the impact of giant earthquakes and tsunamis. Here, we provide geoarchaeological evidence revealing a major tsunamigenic earthquake that severely affected prehistoric hunter-gatherer-fisher communities ~3800 years ago, causing an exceptional social disruption reflected in contemporary changes in archaeological sites and triggering resilient strategies along these coasts. Together with tsunami modeling results, we suggest that this event resulted from a ~1000-km-long megathrust rupture along the subduction contact of the Nazca and South American plates, highlighting the possibility of Mw ~9.5 tsunamigenic earthquakes in northern Chile, one of the major seismic gaps of the planet. This emphasizes the necessity to account for long temporal scales to better understand the variability, social effects, and human responses favoring resilience to socionatural disasters.

2.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 45(11): 752-6, nov. 1988. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-78007

ABSTRACT

Durante los años de 1985 y 1986, se atendieron en el Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, 5,777 niños menores de cinco años de edad con diarrea, de los cuales 729 (12,6%) se hospitalizaron; 429 del sexo masculino, 603 menores de unaño y 467 desnutridos. Las causas de ingreso más frecuentes fueron deshidratación grave (33.6%) y sospecha de septicemia (15.5%). Del total, fallecieron 83(11.4%), la mitad de ellos en las primeras 24 horas de hospitalización. Se observó correlación significativa entre la tasa de letalidad y el grado de desnutrición. Concluyó que es importante difundir el uso de la terapia de hidratación oral, como medida preventiva de deshidratación, a fin de disminuir la necesidad de hsopitalización y la tasa de letalidad por esta causa


Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Female , Diarrhea, Infantile/therapy , Hospitalization , Diarrhea/therapy , Sepsis , Water-Electrolyte Balance
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