ABSTRACT
Introducción: esta revisión sistemática destaca la enfermería de práctica avanzada (EPA) ante la atención en primera línea de defensa frente a la pandemia por COVID19. Objetivo: sistematizar la información publicada recientemente sobre la EPA en la atención de pacientes afectados por COVID19. Metodología: revisión narrativa sistematizada, como método científico para la identificación, recolección, evaluación y síntesis de la evidencia científica existente desde el inicio de la pandemia por COVID19, de diciembre de 2019 a mayo de 2020. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus y Dialnet. Resultados: se incluyeron 10 documentos: siete de China (70%), dos de Estados Unidos (20%) y uno de Canadá (10%) que recoge datos de países de Latinoamérica. Los estudios encontrados varían en el objetivo; seis de ellos se enfocan en la percepción de las enfermeras sobre las medidas de higiene y seguridad en atención directa al paciente, recomendaciones para reducir el riesgo de infección de las enfermeras y documentos enfocados en presentar formas de innovación para reducir el uso innecesario de equipo de protección personal. Conclusión: las acciones de la EPA son muy importantes para dar respuesta a las necesidades de atención ante la pandemia mundial por COVID19 en todos los niveles, tanto en el paciente ambulatorio hospitalizado como en la participación en la gestión y organización de servicios, a fin de dar respuesta inmediata a una gran demanda sanitaria y social.
Introduction: This systematic review highlights the advanced practice nursing (APN) in the front line of care against the COVID19 pandemic. Objective: To systematize the recently published information on APN in the care of patients affected by COVID19. Methods: Systematic narrative review, as a scientific method for identifying, collecting, evaluating and synthesizing the existing scientific evidence, from the start of the COVID19 pandemic, from December 2019 to May 2020.The databases consulted were PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Dialnet. Results: 10 documents were included, seven from China (70%), two from the USA (20%), and one from Canada (10%) which collects data from Latin American countries. The studies found vary in the objective; six of them focus on nurses' perception of hygiene and safety strategies in direct patient care, recommendations to reduce the risk of infection of nurses, and documents focused on presenting strategies for innovation to reduce unnecessary use of personal protective equipment. Conclusion: The measures of APN are very important to respond to the care needs in the face of the COVID19 global pandemic at all levels, both in hospitalized outpatients and in participation in the management and organization of services, in order to respond immediately to a great health and social demand.
Subject(s)
Humans , Advanced Practice Nursing , Systematic Review , Patient Care , COVID-19 , Health Strategies , PubMed , Pandemics , Personal Protective Equipment , Health Services Needs and Demand , NursesABSTRACT
Justificación: La evaluación de competencias es un proceso esencial en la educación superior y en el desarrollo profesional continuo; y requiere disponer de instrumentos validados. Objetivo: Diseñar y validar el contenido de un instrumento de evaluación para competencias enfermeras. Método: Mediante técnicas de consenso de expertos y aplicando criterios estadísticos, se establecen las unidades competenciales y resultados de aprendizaje que componen la escala. Resultados: Escala de evaluación con 7 unidades de competencia, 72 resultados de aprendizaje y un Índice de Validación de Contenido (CVI) total de 0.85 (mínimo de 0.53 y un máximo de 0.93 en las diferentes UC). La puntuación total del índice de Kappa para la herramienta es de 0.83. Conclusiones: se obtiene una escala con alta validez de contenido para la evaluación de competencias enfermeras. El método para su diseño puede utilizarse para diseñar otros instrumentos de evaluación
Background: Competency assessment is an essential process in higher education and in continuous professional development, and needs to have reliable tools. Aim: To design and validate the content of an assessment tool for nursing competencies. Methods: Using expert consensus techniques and applying statistical criteria established the competency units and learning outcomes of the assessment tool. Results: Assessment scale consisting of 7 competency units, 72 learning outcomes and a total Content Validation Index (CVI) of 0.85 (minimum 0.53 and maximum 0.93 for different UCs). The total score of Kappa Index of the tool was 0.83. Conclusions: A high content validity scale was developed to assess nursing competencies. The method for its design can be used to design other assessment tools
Subject(s)
Humans , Clinical Competence , Education, Nursing , Learning , Educational Measurement/methods , Educational Measurement/standards , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
El presente trabajo es un documento de posición de opinión de sus autores, que aborda algunos de los retos principales a los que se enfrentan los educadores de Enfermería ante la necesidad de considerar cómo hacer frente a los cambios en el sistema de prestación de asistencia sanitaria, así como a las nuevas demandas de la sociedad dirigidas a alcanzar los más elevados niveles de salud y bienestar. El pensamiento crítico puede considerarse un concepto fundamental para traducir conocimiento en la práctica y para mejorar aptitudes de pensamiento clínico en el ejercicio de la Enfermería. Los planes de estudios de Grado no pueden obviar la necesidad de trabajar las nuevas funciones enfermeras asociadas al aumento de la complejidad del sistema de atención de salud. Con este artículo se pretende invitar a los lectores a reflexionar sobre cómo preparar a los nuevos profesionales enfermeros, a fin de que estos puedan desempeñar una función proactiva y sinérgica dentro de los equipos de atención sanitaria, así como renovar su compromiso con la mejora de la calidad del sistema de salud y su seguridad
This article is a position document stating the opinion of its authors, and it addresses some of the main challenges found byNursing Educators when they need to consider how to face changes in the healthcare system, as well as new demands bysociety targeted to obtaining the highest levels of health and wellbeing. Critical thought may be considered an essential concept in order to translate knowledge into practice, and to improve the clinical thought abilities within the nursing practice. Grade study plans cannot leave out the need to work upon the new nursing functions associated with an increase in complexity in the healthcare system. The intention of this article is to invite readers to reflect upon how to prepare new nursing professionals, so that they may play a proactive and synergic role within healthcare teams, as well as to renew their commitment with an improvement in healthcare quality and safety
Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Nursing/trends , Professional Competence , Patient Care Team/trends , Students, Nursing , Professional Role , 50054 , Medicalization/trendsABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Nurse mobility, developments such as health tourism and the rapid expansion of health systems have increased the need for regulatory bodies to reach beyond their normal stakeholder groups so as to familiarize themselves with the legislation of other jurisdictions. PURPOSE: A systematic examination of a cross-section of nursing legislation, to ascertain the degree of consistency in the number of definitions specified as well as their underlying structure, was conducted to identify opportunities to strengthen public protection and reduce barriers to freedom of movement. METHOD: A purposeful sample of legislation, drawn to maximize differences, was subjected to documentary analysis to identify possible relationships between the variables of interest and the way terms and processes were defined in fourteen nurse practice acts. RESULTS: Potential relationships were identified between factors such as geographic region, legal tradition, administrative approach, regulatory model and economic status and the number and approaches used to specify definitions. A major weakness in the precision of definitions was discovered. DISCUSSION: Several international organizations have started to develop lexicons but all have weaknesses. By drawing upon these lexicons a more comprehensive and precise dictionary could be formulated to support the development of next-generation nurse practice acts. CONCLUSIONS: Current legislation lacks precision and, within the context of increased mobility of nurses, there is an urgent need to develop an authoritative source of definitions that can contribute to increasing public safety as well as reducing delays in the freedom of movement of nurses from one jurisdiction to another.
