[Capillary telangiectasia of the pons]. / Kapilliarnye teleangiéktazii varolieva mosta.

Three observations of teleangioectases of the Varolian bridge verified at a histological examination are presented. In one of the cases the telangioectases were concurrent with an astrocytoma of the left hemisphere, and were a casual finding. In another case the teleangioectases have led to a massive hemorrhage to the Varolian bridge and the patient's death. In the third case the teleangioectases were revealed at the histological examination of the Varolian bridge affected by an astrocytoma. The development of the tumour was, possibly, due to reactive gliosis withing the zone of a vascular developmental defect. Clinical, roentgenological, pathomorphological, and histological data are presented. The authors point out that histological examinations are obligatory in cases of hemorrhages to the Varolian bridge, so that their origin should be properly documented.

[Time of formation of traumatic intracranial hematomas]. / Vremia obrazovaniia tramaticheskikh vnutricherepnykh gematom.

Biochemical study of the methemoglobin concentration (60 cases) and histological examination (40 of intracranial hematomas removed in different periods after the trauma confirmed the assumption that the main volume of these hematomas forms within the first minutes and hours after the trauma as a rule. The curve of the dependence of the methemoglobin concentration in the hematoma on the time of its formation allows the period of time which had elapsed after the trauma to be determined.

[Solitary plasmacytoma of the hypothalamus]. / Solitarnaia plazmotsitoma gipotalamusa.

A rare case of intracranial extra osseal isolated plasmocytoma in a girl of 18 is presented. The tumour localized in the hypothalamus and extended into the intracranial parts of the optic nerves and chiasma opticum. It consisted of mature and immature plasma cells and contained paraamyloid depositions. The disease had a progredient course accompanied by the disorders of vision, endocrine-metabolic disturbances and hyperglobulinemia.

[Visceral pathology in severe cranio-cerebral injuries and its pathogenetic mechanisms]. / Vistseral'naia patologiia pri tiazheloi cherepno-mozgovoi travme i ee patogeneticheskie mekhanizmy.

Pathological conditions of the internal organs and their innervation apparatus, including the limbic cortex, reticular formation, vegetative nuclei of the vagus nerves and spinal cord, peripheral ganglia, and intramural plexuses, in severe craniocerebral trauma were studied by the clinico-physiological, clinico-morphological, and neurohistological methods. The innervation apparatuses of the organs were also studied in experiments with a purposeful effect exerted on the hypothalamus. Peculiarities in the manifestation of visceral pathology in diencephalic and mesencephalobulbar forms of brain lesions were established. Histological changes in the tissues of the organs and in the structures forming the efferent and afferent links of the visceral reflex arc are described. The dependence of the structural disturbances in the central and peripheral components of the vegetative nervous system on hypothalamic affection was confirmed experimentally. Their dynamics was studied. The data of the investigations are discussed from the standpoint of the results of a complex of purposeful surgical and nonoperative treatment of craniocerebral trauma and its complications. Particular attention is focussed on the role of the neuro-conduction mechanism in the development of pathological conditions of the organs. The tissue changes are considered to be neurodystrophic.

[The role of brain stem lesions in cerebral circulatory disorders accompanying severe cranio-cerebral injuries]. / Rol' porazheniia stvola golovnogo mozga v narushenii mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniia pri tiazheloi cherepno-mozgovoi travme

Clinical and anatomical comparisons were undertaken in 23 cases of mortality due to severe craniocerebral injuries. The set of clinical examinations included circulation and brain gas exchange studies. Cerebral circulatory hypoxy was revealed in all the patients, but in cases of its compensated form all signs of brain stem injury were lacking, while in cases of its non-compensated form foci of brain stem injury could be revealed at autopsy. Timely elimination of brain stem compression in cases of its anatomic integrity preserved helps to convert the non-compensated form of cerebral circulatory hypoxy into its compensated form.