[Results of dynamic observation of patients with polyps in the stomach].

This work is based on the analysis of data doing 409 patients with polyps in the stomach. Among them 200 men (48.9%) and 209 women (51.1%) aged 18 to 91 years. The average age of men was 67.4 years, and women 66.8 years. All these patients were find 1034 neoplasms of various sizes. At all of this patients polyps were identified on a background of chronic gastritis, as a rule, has the character of atrophic process. Histological research was conducted 775 (74.6%) polyps, of which focal hyperplasia and hyperplastic polyps detected in 49% of cases, and adenomas in 51% (including adenomas with varying degrees of dyspiasia, and prostatic adenocarcinoma cells). Endoscopic polypectomy performed 367 patients, and the remaining 42 was merely the dynamic monitoring of the identified entities. In 79 (28.8%) patients after polypectomy noted relapse formations and in 10 cases (3.65%) diagnosed with cancer in the intervention area. 4 (0.98%) patients from 409 cancer in polyps detected during the initial survey and in 4 patients the cancer originated in the not associated with polyps of stomach. As a result of the research of the dependence of the size of neoplasms on the nature of destruction and histological structure. For most existing polyps characteristic of the stability of their morphological structure and the absence of its transformation.

[The procedure for documentation of digital images in forensic medical histology].

This paper is devoted to the novel computer technologies employed in the studies of histological preparations. These technologies allow to visualize digital images, structurize the data obtained and store the results in computer memory. The authors emphasize the necessity to properly document digital images obtained during forensic-histological studies and propose the procedure for the formulation of electronic documents in conformity with the relevant technical and legal requirements. It is concluded that the use of digital images as a new study object permits to obviate the drawbacks inherent in the work with the traditional preparations and pass from descriptive microscopy to their quantitative analysis.

[Clinico-morphological aspects of diagnostics and treatment of the surgical sepsis].

Treatment results of 63 patients with surgical sepsis (aged 17-92 years) were analyzed. The necessity of intravenous immunoglobulin infusion in the complex treatment of sepsis was proved by the comparative morphological study of immunocompetent tissues of 30 patients, died of sepsis and nonseptic reasons. The rational use of intravenous immunoglobulin should be based on the condition of the patient and defined by the APACHE II and SOFA scores.

[Intraoperative telediagnosis of breast biopsies].

Intraoperative real-time telediagnosis from cryostat sections of the breast can increase the quality of postmortem diagnosis. Moreover, the average accuracy of histological diagnosis was as high as 93.5% or increased by 4.4% as compared with traditional microscopy. According to the nature of the pathological process, this increase reached 86.7% (by 5.4%) for nontumor pathology and 95.9 (by 5.1%) and 95.8% (by 1.9%) for benign and malignant neoplasms, respectively. Intraoperative telediagnosis was most effective in a rare breast pathology that presented difficulties in the use of traditional microscopy, by calling for discussion of the histological pattern and colleagues' consultative support.

[Diagnostics and surgical correction of postoperative myofascial defects of lateral abdominal wall and lumbar region].

Myofascial defects of lateral abdominal wall and lumbar region occur chiefly after lumbotomy--the most popular access in urosurgery. Meanwhile lumbotomy remains one of the most traumatic accesses through the lateral abdominal wall. Myofascial defects were diagnosed in 48,9% of operated patients with lumbotomy. Of them true postoperative hernias were found in 35,3%; neuropathic hernias - in 13,6%. Since 2002 the originally developed method of lateral abdominal wall reconstruction had been used for the treatment of such patients. The immediate and long-term results (maximal follow-up period 5 years) showed no hernia recurrence or complications in 26 operated patients.

[Anaerobic gas-producing clostridial endogenic infection in patient with salmonellosis].

Anaerobic gas-producing clostridial infection is one of most severe complications of mainly gunshot wound of war period, in peace time occurs very seldom. The rare clinical case of anaerobic gas-producing clostridial endogenic infection with fulminant course in patient with salmonellosis produced by group B salmonella typhimurium. The disease was finished with fatal outcome in 8.5 hours after appearance of pain syndrome in right thigh with consequent fulminant development of gas gangrene with arterial hypotension on 4th day after onset of gastroenteric form of medium severity salmonellosis. Clinical, microbiological and postmortem data are represented.

[Twenty years' experience with the information system "biopsy" used in the work of a department of morbid anatomy].

The long-term use of the information system "Biopsy" has shown its efficiency in improving the organization of the department of morbid anatomy in a large hospital. Its advantages are the availability of materials and necessary information for the shortest period. The introduction of an electronic signature and the storage of signed documents are new real steps to the creation of paper-free technology, including the so-called electronic case history base. Automated exchange of orders for tests and their results not only reduces the time of their obtaining, but also lowers costs and enhances the efficiency of work pf a biopsy laboratory.

[A method of determination of the accuracy of morphological diagnosis of surgical and biopsy material]. / K metodike opredeleniia tochnosti morfologicheskoi diagnostiki operatsionnogo i biopsiinogo materiala.

The accuracy of morphological diagnosis of 281 surgical samples and biopsy material was analyzed including 253 intrasurgical biopsies on frozen and paraffin sections and 26 television (out of sight) consultations in the "off-line" regime with subsequent control optical microscopy of paraffin sections. The indices of specificity, correspondance and sensitivity allow to have more objective assessment of the quality of life-time morphological diagnosis and can be considered as an obligatory component of annual reports of pathology departments and reports of clinical pathologists at professional certification.

[Stewart-Treves syndrome--lymphangiosarcoma in sever lymphostasis of arm after mastectomy]. / Sindrom Stiuarta-Trivsa--limfangiosarkoma na fone vyrazhennogo limfostaza ruki posle mastéktomii.

Stewart-Treves Syndrome ('STS) is a rare, extremely malignant and quickly progressing tumor. It is angiosarcoma developing in lymphostasis of an arm after radical mastectomy for cancer. The patient aged 80 years was followed-up, in whom STS had developed 19 years after radical mastectomy. Clinical diagnosis was confirmed by pathomorphological examination of dermal biopsy. Advanced age and severe associated diseases made it impossible to carry out specific therapy. The patient died of intoxication and increasing cardio-vascular insufficiency 9 months after the onset of the disease.

[A rare case of manifestation of reticulosarcoma by development of multiple cerebral hemorrhages]. / Redkii sluchai manifestirovaniia retikulosarkomy razvitiem mnozhestvennykh krovoizliianii v golovnom mozge.

Metastatic injury to the brain occurs very rarely in reticulosarcoma patients, presenting considerable difficulties for clinical diagnosis. Such an injury has not been reported in the neurological literature. The authors describe a case of the generalized form of reticulosarcoma with multiple metastases and secondary hemorrhages to the brain attended by blood breakthrough to the ventricular system. Difficulties are noted, occurring in differential diagnosis, and specific features of the clinical picture and pathomorphological alterations are described. In contrast to the primarily hemorrhagic manifestations in the brain, blastomatous proliferation in the visceral system (the gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes) provoked appreciable necrotic lesions.

[Experience using the automated information retrieval system "Biopsy" in the pathology department of a general hospital]. / Opyt ispol'zovaniia avtomatizirovannoi informatsionno-spravochnoi sistemy "Biopsiia" v patologoanatomicheskom otdelenii mnogoprofil'noi bol'nitsy.

Automatic information retrieval system (AIRS) "Biopsy" has been created on the basis of original programs and personal computer and tested for 3 years in the activity of the pathology department of a big multidisciplinary hospital. AIRS considerably increases the level of the labour organization and facilitates the overall and routine analysis of both biopsy material and the work of a department.

[Morphological study of the damaged myocardium in autopsies with previous ECG and blood enzyme test evidence of various clinical forms of ischemic heart disease during exacerbation phase]. / Morfologicheskoe issledovanie porazhennogo miokarda umershikh s prizhiznennymi pokazateliami EKG i fermentogrammy krovi, svidetel'stvuiushchimi o razlichnykh klinicheskikh formakh ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa v stadii obostreniia.

Of 98 patients who died from myocardial infarction as evidenced by sectional and histological examinations, during their life 74 had had signs of extensive myocardial infarction (EMI), 11 had presented with small myocardial infarction (SMI), 10, focal myocardial dystrophy (FMD), 3, angina pectoris (AP). In the acute period, the highest values of hyperenzymia, CPK, MB-CPK, ACT, LDH1, LDH2, and enzyme ratios were revealed in EMI, the lowest ones were seen in AP; SMI and FMD stood midway. A significant moderate direct relationship was established between the maximum activity of CPK, MB-CPK, and LDH1 and the histological sizes of ischemic necrosis as documented by planimetry. It was suggested that the topography and site of ischemic lesion determined life-time ECG evidence of respective clinical forms of coronary heart disease during its exacerbation, and the severity of hyperenzymia governed necrotic mass.