Invasiveness assessment by CT quantitative and qualitative features of lung cancers manifesting ground-glass nodules in 555 patients: A retrospective cohort study / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To explore the correlation between the quantitative and qualitative features of CT images and the invasiveness of pulmonary ground-glass nodules, providing reference value for preoperative planning of patients with ground-glass nodules. Methods    The patients with ground-glass nodules who underwent surgical treatment and were diagnosed with pulmonary adenocarcinoma from September 2020 to July 2022 at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were collected. Based on the pathological diagnosis results, they were divided into two groups: a non-invasive adenocarcinoma group with in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, and an invasive adenocarcinoma group. Imaging features were collected, and a univariate logistic regression analysis was conducted on the clinical and imaging data of the patients. Variables with statistical difference were selected for multivariate logistic regression analysis to establish a predictive model of invasive adenocarcinoma based on independent risk factors. Finally, the sensitivity and specificity were calculated based on the Youden index. Results     A total of 555 patients were collected. The were 310 patients in the non-invasive adenocarcinoma group, including 235 females and 75 males, with a meadian age of 49 (43, 58) years, and 245 patients in the invasive adenocarcinoma group, including 163 females and 82 males, with a meadian age of 53 (46, 61) years. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that the maximum diameter (OR=4.707, 95%CI 2.060 to 10.758), consolidation/tumor ratio (CTR, OR=1.027, 95%CI 1.011 to 1.043), maximum CT value (OR=1.025, 95%CI 1.004 to 1.047), mean CT value (OR=1.035, 95%CI 1.008 to 1.063), spiculation sign (OR=2.055, 95%CI 1.148 to 3.679), and vascular convergence sign (OR=2.508, 95%CI 1.345 to 4.676) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of invasive adenocarcinoma (P<0.05). Based on the independent predictive factors, a predictive model of invasive adenocarcinoma was constructed. The formula for the model prediction was: Logit(P)=–1.293+1.549×maximum diameter of lesion+0.026×CTR+0.025×maximum CT value+0.034×mean CT value+0.72×spiculation sign+0.919×vascular convergence sign. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model was 0.910 (95%CI 0.885 to 0.934), indicating that the model had good discrimination ability. The calibration curve showed that the predictive model had good calibration, and the decision analysis curve showed that the model had good clinical utility. Conclusion     The predictive model combining quantitative and qualitative features of CT has a good predictive ability for the invasiveness of ground-glass nodules. Its predictive performance is higher than any single indicator.

Advances in the Study of Invasive Non-mucinous Adenocarcinoma with Different Pathological Subtypes / 中国肺癌杂志

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the world today, and adenocarcinoma is the most common histopathological type of lung cancer. In May 2021, World Health Organization (WHO) released the 5th edition of the WHO classification of thoracic tumors, which classifies invasive non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (INMA) into lepidic adenocarcinoma, acinar adenocarcinoma, papillary adenocarcinoma, solid adenocarcinoma, and micropapillary adenocarcinoma based on its histological characteristics. These five pathological subtypes differ in clinical features, treatment and prognosis. A complete understanding of the characteristics of these subtypes is essential for the clinical diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis predictions of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, including recurrence and progression. This article will review the grading system, morphology, imaging prediction, lymph node metastasis, surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy of different pathological subtypes of INMA.
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Long-term Survival in Hospitalized Patients with Lung Cancer among Peasants in the Coal-producing Area in Eastern Yunnan, China / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Xuanwei and Fuyuan are rural counties, located in the late Permian coal poly area of eastern Yunnan and western Guizhou, where lung cancer mortality rates are among the highest in the China, with similarity for both men and women, younger age at diagnosis and death, and higher in rural areas than in urban areas. In this paper, long-term follow-up of lung cancer cases in local peasants was conducted to observe their survival prognosis and its influencing factors.@*METHODS@#Data of patients diagnosed with lung cancer from January 2005 to June 2011, who had lived in Xuanwei and Fuyuan counties for many years, were collected from 20 hospitals at the local provincial, municipal and county levels. To estimate survival outcomes, individuals were followed up until the end of 2021. The 5-year, 10-year and 15-year survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Survival differences were examined with Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models.@*RESULTS@#A total of 3,017 cases were effectively followed up (2,537 peasants and 480 non-peasants). The median age at diagnosis was 57 years, and the median follow-up time was 122 months. During the follow-up period, 2,493 cases (82.6%) died. The distribution of cases by clinical stage was as follows: stage I (3.7%), stage II (6.7%), stage III (15.8%), stage IV (21.1%) and unknown stage (52.7%). Treatment at the provincial, municipal and county-level hospitals accounted for 32.5%, 22.2% and 45.3%, respectively, and surgical treatment was performed in 23.3% of cases. The median survival time was 15.4 months (95%CI: 13.9-16.1), and the 5-year, 10-year and 15-year overall survival rates were 19.5% (95%CI: 18.0%-21.1%), 7.7% (95%CI: 6.5%-8.8%) and 2.0% (95%CI: 0.8%-3.9%), respectively. Peasants with lung cancer had a lower median age at diagnosis, higher proportion residing in remote rural areas, and higher use of bituminous coal as a household fuel. They also have a lower proportion of early-stage cases, treatment at provincial or municipal hospitals, and surgical treatment, leading to poorer survival outcomes (HR=1.57). Even when considering factors such as gender, age, residential location, clinical stage at diagnosis, histological type, hospital level of service, and surgical intervention, peasants still exhibit a survival disadvantage. Multivariable Cox model analysis comparing peasants and non-peasants reveals that surgical intervention, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and hospital level of service are common factors influencing survival prognosis, while the use of bituminous coal as a household fuel, hospital level of service and adenocarcinoma (compared to squamous cell carcinoma) are independent prognostic factors for lung cancer survival among peasants.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The lower lung cancer survival rate among peasants is associated with their lower socioeconomic status, lower proportion of early-stage diagnoses, lower proportion of surgical interventions, and treatment at provincial-level hospitals. Furthermore, the impact of other factors such as high-risk exposure to bituminous coal pollution on survival prognosis requires further investigation.

Research progress on the correlation between imaging characteristics and pathological invasion degree of early lung adenocarcinoma / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#With the development of multi-slice spiral computed tomography (CT) technology and the popularization of low-dose spiral CT screening, more and more adenocarcinomas presenting ground-glass nodule (GGN) are found. Pathological invasiveness is one of the important factors affecting the choice of treatment strategy and prognosis of patients with early lung adenocarcinoma. Imaging features have attracted wide attention due to their unique advantages in predicting the pathologic invasiveness of early lung adenocarcinoma. The imaging characteristics of GGN can be used to predict the pathologic invasiveness of lung adenocarcinoma and provide evidence for clinical decisions. However, the imaging parameters and numerical values for predicting pathologic invasiveness are still controversial, which will be reviewed in this paper.

Research progress in diagnosis and treatment of multiple primary lung cancer / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#With the changes in the disease spectrum and the advancement of examination technology, the detection rate of multiple primary lung cancers (MPLC) is gradually increasing when multiple nodules and masses in the lung are examined clinically. MPLC has significant distinction with other types of lung diseases or lung cancers in the treatment and prognosis. In most cases, patients would be recommended to undergo the surgery as soon as possible which means that the accurate diagnosis should be made before surgery or during treatment. The newly developed molecular and genomic methods are more likely to better determine the relationship between multiple lesions. Artificial intelligence can be used as a related diagnostic aid to show more accurate and objective results in the diagnosis of multiple pulmonary nodules. This review summarizes the latest MPLC diagnostic research (including pathological analysis, imaging), analyzes surgical treatment methods, and looks forward to the future research direction of MPLC diagnosis and treatment, in order to provide reference for MPLC research.

Progress in Survival Prognosis of Segmentectomy for Early-stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

Surgery is currently the most appropriate treatment for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Increasing unilateral or bilateral multiple primary lung cancer being found, segmentectomy has attracted wide attention for its unique advantages in the treatment for such tumors. Ground glass opacity dominant early-stage NSCLC is associated with a good prognosis and can be cured by segmentectomy, however, the treatment of solid-dominant NSCLC remains controversial owing to the invasive nature. With the in-depth study on the lymph node metastasis pathway, radiological characteristics and molecular biology of NSCLC, a large part of solid nodules with certain characteristics can also be cured by segmentectomy. This paper reviews the research status and progress about the indication of segmentectomy.
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lncRNA and small cell lung cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

The incidence and mortality of lung cancer rank first, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for about 15% of lung cancer cases. In recent years, it has been found that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) (TUG1, CCAT2, PVT1, HOTTIP and HOTAIR) plays a significant role in the development of SCLC. lncRNA can regulate the expression of related genes at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional and epigenetic levels, and it can infulence proliferation, invasion, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance of SCLC.

Screening of colorectal cancer in Kunming urban residents from 2014 to 2017 / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective@#To explore the screening efficiency of colorectal cancer in urban residents of Kunming, China.@*Methods@#Using the method of cluster sampling, from October 2014 to October 2017, residents of the three jurisdictions of Xishan, Guandu and Chenggong Districts of Kunming city were investigated. The inclusion criteria: (1) resident (for more than 3 years) population of Kunming city aged 40-74 years old; (2) voluntarily participating and receiving colonoscopy; (3) signing informed consent. Based on the Harvard Cancer Risk Index, the questionnaire was built on the consensus of more than 20 years of common cancer epidemiology in China. Through the consensus reached by the multidisciplinary expert panel discussion, a comprehensive evaluation system for cancer risk in China was designed. The high-risk group of colorectal cancer was determined by preliminary screening of the questionnaire, and a free colonoscopy was performed for the appointment to the gastrointestinal endoscopy department of the Yunnan Cancer Hospital. All polypoid lesions and ulcers found by colonoscopy must be biopsied to confirm the diagnosis. χ2 test or Fisher exact probability method was used to compare the detection of colorectal cancer in 4 groups of 40-49 years old, 50-59 years old, 60-69 years old, and ≥70-years old. Detection of colonoscopy, compliance, pathological examination, pathological diagnosis, and morbidity of colorectal cancer were analyzed.@*Results@#A total of 127 960 people from 40 to 74 years old of urban residents in Kunming city participated in the preliminary screening of the questionnaire, including 59 748 (46.7%) males and 68 212 females (53.3%) with mean age of (53.6±8.6) years old. The 40-49 years old group had the largest number of participants (48 044, 37.5%), followed by the groups of 50-59 years old (42 473, 33.2%), 60-69 years old (34 111, 26.7%), and ≥70 years old (3332, 2.6%). Till October 2017, a total of 14 971 people were screened as at high risk of colorectal cancer, with the high-risk detection rate of 11.7%, and the high-risk detection rate of women was significantly higher than that of men [13.4% (9 109/68 212) vs. 9.8% (5 862/59 748), χ2=386.947, P<0.001]. The highest high-risk detection rate was in the 50-59 years group in both gender [men: 11.1% (2202/19 831), women: 15.3% (3034/22 642)]. A total of 3449 people among the high-risk population received colonoscopy examination. The compliance rate of colonoscopy was 23.0% (3449/14 971), and the male compliance rate was 19.8% (1162/5862), which was significantly lower than that of females [25.1% (2287/9109), χ2=56.175, P<0.001]. The highest compliance was observed in the 50-59 years group [25.4% (1438/5668)], followed by 40-49 years and 60-69 year group [22.1%(1091/4931) and 22.0%(891/4048), respectively], and the compliance of ≥70 years old group was the lowest [9.0% (29/324)]. Colonoscopy examination revealed 606 cases with lesions, the detection rate of lesions was 17.6%, and the male detection rate was significantly higher than that of females [26.9% (313/1162) vs. 12.8% (293/2287), χ2=106.140, P<0.001]. The detection rate of lesions increased with age [40-49, 50-59, 60-69, ≥70: 10.9% (119/1091), 17.5% (252/1438), 25.0% (223/891) and 41.4% (12/29), respectively, χ2=79.010, P<0.001]. A total of 584 cases underwent endoscopic excision and pathological diagnosis, and 465 cases (13.5%) of precancerous lesions were detected. The prevalence of precancerous lesions in men was higher than that in women [21.3% (247/1162) vs. 9.5% (218/2287), χ2=90.801, P<0.001], the precancerous lesion detection rate increased with age [40-49, 50-59, 60-69, ≥70: 8.0% (87/1091), 14.3% (206/1438), 18.1% (161/891) and 37.9% (11/29); χ2=58.109, P<0.001]. A total of 4 patients with colorectal cancer were detected, including 3 males and 1 female. The detection rate of male colorectal cancer was 258.2/100 000, and the female was 43.7/100 000, whose difference was not statistically significant (χ2=1.488, P=0.223). There was no significant difference in the detection rate of colorectal cancer among 4 age groups [40-49, 50-59, 60-69, ≥70: 91.7/100 000 (1/1091), 69.5/100 000 (1/1438), 224.5/100 000 (2/891) and 0, respectively, P=0.696].@*Conclusions@#Screening for colorectal cancer is an important measure to control the onset and death of colorectal cancer. Through the questionnaire risk assessment plus colonoscopy, two-step screening method can improve the screening efficiency and greatly reduce the screening cost.

lncRNA and small cell lung cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

The incidence and mortality of lung cancer rank first,and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for about 15％ of lung cancer cases. In recent years,it has been found that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)(TUG1,CCAT2,PVT1,HOTTIP and HOTAIR)plays a significant role in the development of SCLC. lncRNA can regulate the expression of related genes at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional and epigenetic levels,and it can infulence proliferation,invasion,metastasis and chemotherapy resistance of SCLC.

Correlation analysis between expression of NF-κB and quartz's deposit in non-small cell lung cancer in Xuanwei , Yunnan province / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To evaluate the relationship between quartz's deposit and expression of NF-κB in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lung tissues in Xuanwei, Yunnan Province, and to clarify the role of quartz in Xuanwei NSCLC's carcinogenic mechanism. Methods As research objects, the lung tissues of NSCLC and lung benign lesions after surgical resection were collected from July 2009 to September 2015 at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Firstly, the transmission electron microscopic (TEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDS) was used for observation of crystalline deposit and local pathological changes. Secondly, expression level of NF-κB had been analysed and a correlation analysis with particle size of SiO2 crystal in the same lung sample was made. Results The occurrence rates of quartz in Xuanwei NSCLC lung tissues were above non-Xuanwei NSCLC and benign lung tissues (P0.05). The expression level of NF-κB was generally increasing when quartz 's size became smaller. Conclusion Quartz 's deposit may play a certain role in carcinogenic mechanism of lung cancer in Xuanwei, the smaller the particle size, the greater the cytotoxicity.

Research and Design of an Experimental Apparatus Based on the "Open Fireplace" in Xuanwei District / 生物医学工程学杂志

Xuanwei district in Yunnan Province of China has pretty high incidence of lung cancer in China, even a- round the world. Studies have shown that there exists a close relationship between lung cancer and local indoor air pollution caused by Bituminous coal. Considering that the indoor air pollution in Xuanwei District is caused by "open fireplace", an indoor air pollution simulation system was designed, and an F344 rats lung damage model was estab- lished for this indoor air pollution fireplace. The model is based on indoor air pollution simulation system with signal multiplexer control and multi-channel acquisition, and mining PID algorithm was used for polynomial fitting to each test point, and a relatively constant PM2. 5 air pollution status was simulated. The results showed that the system could simulate a variety of states of air pollution, provide a new test method for evaluation of human injury caused by indoor air pollution and a new idea for the study of the incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei district and other places.

Analysis of the Clinical Characteristics of Malignant Chest Tumor Patients with Nosocomial Mixed Fungal-Bacterial Mixed Infection / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of and to provide help to the prevention and treatment of malignant chest tumor with nosocomial mixed fungal-bacterial infection.Methods From July 2007 to June 2015,pathogenic bacteria in sputum,blood,urine,chest incision,thoracic and abdominal fluid,and implantable medical biological material were cultivated in 5067 patients with malignant chest tumor suspected with infection.The clinical characteristics,source of specimen and pathogenic bacteria,the types of diseases,medical intervention activities of 142 cases detected with mixed fungal-bacterial infection were retrospectively analyzed.Fesult In 142 patients,104 patients at clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ accounted for 73.2％,and 94 patients used antibiotics more than 14 days (66.2％);104 cases had implanted biological materials (74.7％);96 cases died (67.6％).A total of 167 strains bacteria were isolated.Sixty-one strains of G+ bacteria accounting for 36.5％ were mainly Epidermis staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus;106 strains of G-bacteria accounting for 63.5％ were mainly klebsiella pneumonia,Escherichia coli and baumanii;172 strains fungus mainly of Candida albicans were isolated (77.3％).Pathogenic bacteria sources were mainly sputum specimens + pharynx strip,blood culture and medical implant materials.In 72 lung cancer patients,squamous carcinoma and small cell carcinoma were 52.8％ and 33.3％ respectively,higher than adenocarcinoma (12.5％);In 42 esophageal cancer patients,postoperative patients were 42.9％.Parenteral nutrition patients with more than 10 days were 80.9％ higher than that of parenteral nutrition in patients with less than 10 days (19.1％).Conclusion Among malignant chest tumor patients with nosocomial mixed fungal-bacterial infection,the bacteria were found in staphylococcus aureus,klebsiella pneumoniae and E.coli and the fungus was Candida albicans.For clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ,patients with parenteral nutrition for more than 10 days,having history of chemo or radiotherapy,with antimicrobial use for more than 14 days,and with implanted biological materials,should be warned about nosocomial mixed fungal-bacterial infection.

The effect of iatrogenic Staphylococcus epidermidis intercellar adhesion operon on the formation of bacterial biofilm on polyvinyl chloride surfaces.

BACKGROUND: The intercellular adhesion gene (ica) of Staphylococcus epidermidis is a key factor for bacterial aggregation. This study explored the effect of ica on the formation of bacterial biofilm on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) surfaces. METHODS: Genes related to bacterial biofilm formation, including 16S rRNA, autolysin (atlE), fibrinogen binding protein gene (fbe), and ica were identified and sequenced from 112 clinical isolates of iatrogenic S. epidermidis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gene sequencing. Based on the sequencing result, ica operon-positive (icaADB+/atlE+/fbe+) and ica operon-negative (icaADB-/atlE+/fbe+) strains were separated and co-cultivated with PVC material. After 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30 h of co-culture, the thickness of the bacterial biofilm and quantity of bacterial colony on the PVC surface were measured under the confocal laser scanning microscope and scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: The positive rate of S. epidermidis-specific 16SrRNA in 112 iatrogenic strains was 100% (112/112). The genotype of ica-positive (icaADB+/atlE+/fbe+) strains accounted for 57.1% (64/112), and genotype of ica-negative (icaADB-/atlE+/fbe+) strains accounted for 37.5% (42/112). During 30 h of co-culture, no obvious bacterial biofilm formed on the surface of PVC in the ica-positive group, however, mature bacterial biofilm structure formed after 24 h. For all time points, thickness of bacterial biofilm and quantity of bacterial colony on PVC surfaces in the ica operon-positive group were significantly higher than those in ica operon-negative group (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Iatrogenic S. epidermidis can be categorized into ica operon-negative and ica operon-positive strains. The ica operon plays an important role in bacterial biofilm formation and bacterial multiplication on PVC material.

MicroRNA-195 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting MYB.

MicroRNA-195 (miR-195) has been implicated in several other cancers; however, its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-195 was significantly down-regulated in NSCLC samples and cell lines compared with corresponding normal counterparts. In vitro and in vivo functional assays demonstrated that modulation of miR-195 expression affected NSCLC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Using miRNA target prediction algorithms and reporter assays, we demonstrated that miR-195 suppressed the expression of MYB both at the mRNA and protein level, and was directly bound to the 3'untranslated region of MYB mRNA. Overexpression of MYB in NSCLC cells using an ectopic expression vector restored the decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion effects induced by miR-195. Finally, we observed an inverse correlation between MYB and miR-195 in NSCLC. Taken together, our findings indicated that miR-195 functions as tumour suppressor in NSCLC, and the miR-195/MYB axis might represent a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC intervention.

The research on inflammatory reaction and differential expression of microRNAs in lung caner / 国际肿瘤学杂志

MicroRNAisatypeofsingle-strandednon-codingRNA,directlybondingtothecomplemen-tary target gene mRNA.That leads to the inhibition of mRNA translation of the target molecule in order to reduce expression of the target gene.MicroRNAs are not only involved in the regulation of inflammatory reac-tion,but also play important roles in the formation of neoplasm.The researches showing that the inflammatory reaction interacting with miRNAs results in the differential expressions of microRNAs in lung cancer have been widespreadly concerned.Along with the deepening of the research on the mechanisms of inflammatory reaction and differential expression of microRNAs,it will provide new strategies for the prevention,diagnosis and treat-ment of lung cancer.

Effect of brominated furanones on the formation of biofilm by Escherichia coli on polyvinyl chloride materials.

To study the influence of brominated furanones on the biofilm (BF) formation by Escherichia coli (E. coli) on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material, and to provide new ways of surface modification of materials to clinically prevent biomaterial centered infection. Three brominated furanones, dissolved in ethanol, furanone-1(3,4-dibromo-5-hydroxyl-furanone), furanone-2(4-bromo-5-(4-methoxypheny)-3-(methylamino)-furanone), and furanone-3(3,4-dibromo-5,5-dimethoxypheny-2(5H)-furanone) with representative chemical structure, were coated on the surfaces of separate PVC materials (1 × 1 cm), respectively. The surface-modified PVC materials were incubated with E. coli and for controls, 75 % ethanol-treated PVC materials were used. This treatment played as control group. The cultivation incubations were for 6, 12, 18, and 24 h. The thickness of bacterial BF and bacterial community quantity unit area on the PVC materials was determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and the surface structure of bacterial BF formation was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of CLSM indicated the thickness of bacterial BF and bacterial community quantity unit area on PVC materials treated with furanone-3 were significantly lower than that of control at all time points (P < 0.05), whereas, the differences between furanone-1 and furanone-2 groups and control group were not significantly different (P > 0.05). The results of SEM indicated that after 6 h incubation, the quantity of bacterial attachment to the surface of PVC material treated with furanone-3 was lower than the control group. By 18 h incubation there was completely formed BF structure on the surface of control PVC material. However, there was no significant BF formation on the surface of PVC material treated with furanone-3. The impact of different brominated furanones on SA biofilm formation on the surface of PVC materials are different, furanone-3 can inhibit E. coli biofilm formation on the surface of PVC material.

Role of quorum sensing Escherichia coli regulator C in intestinal bacterial translocation in rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the role of quorum sensing Escherichia coli regulator C (qseC) in intestinal bacterial translocation in rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock.Methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =6 each):control group (group C),MC1000-sham shock group (group M-SS),MC1000qseC-sham shock group (group △-SS),MC1000-hemorrhagic shock group (group M-HS),and MC1000△ qseC-hemorrhagic shock group (group △-HS).The rats drank 150 μg/ml of disinfect water containing streptomycin in 3 consecutive days to inhibit the autochthonous flora in the intestinal tract.From 4th day,the rats were fed with Escherichia Coli MC1000 or MC1000△ qseC 1 ml/100 g by gastric perfusion once a day for another 3 consecutive days in the other 4 groups,while the rats were fed with normal saline instead in group C.Hemorrhagic shock was induced by blood-letting.The mesenteric lymph node (MLN),spleen and liver specimens were obtained at 24 h after operation for bacterial culture and the bacteria were identified.Bacterial translocation from gut to MLN,spleen and liver was observed and the number of bacteria in MLN,spleen and liver tissues were counted.Results The rate of bacterial translocation was significantly higher,and the number of bacterial colonies in MLN,spleen and liver tissues and the total number of bacterial colonies were significantly larger in groups M-HS and △-HS than in group C,and in group M-HS than in groups M-SS and △-SS (P ＜ 0.05).The rate of bacterial translocation was significantly lower,and the number of bacterial colonies in MLN,spleen and liver tissues and the total number of bacterial colonies were significantly smaller in group △-HS than in group MHS.Conclusion QseC is involved in the intestinal bacterial translocation following hemorrhagic shock in rats.

Effect of epinephrine on biofilm formation of the qseC-deleted mutant of Escherichia coli on biomaterial / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To study the effect of epinephrine on biofilm formation of the qseC-deleted mutant of Escherichia coli on biomaterial.Methods The strains used in this study are Escherichia coli MC1000 and MC1000AqseC.LB was used for all the experiments.To determine the effect of epinephrine on motility,halos were measured in LB medium at 37℃ in the presence of epinephrine(50 μmol/L).LB with epinephrine and without epinephrine were used,and then the experiment of bacterial biofilm formation on PVC material was taken.The relative amount of biofilm was estimated.The thickness of bacterial community and bacterial community quantity in the unit area on PVC materials were measured by confocal laser scanning microscope( CLSM),and the surface structure of biofilm formation was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM).Results The mutant strain formed less biofilm than the wild-type strain in LB.The increment in motility of wild-type strain due to epinephrine addition was shown,but mutant strain is unaffected.Similarly,biofilm formation of the wild-type strain was increased by epinephrine,but epinephrine did not affect the biofilm formation of the qseC mutant.The CLSM and SEM showed that epinephrine stimulated biofilm formation of wild-type strain on PVC materials,but had no effect on qseC-deleted mutant strain.Conclusion Epinephrine increases Escherichia coli biofilms on biomaterials through qseC.

Correlation between central venous catheter-related staphylococcus epidermidis icaA, icaD, transforming growth factor beta 1 and biofilms in lung cancer patients / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: It is confirmed that pathogenicity of biomaterials-centered infection is positive correlated to bacterial biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis on the surface of catheter-related materials. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relations between expressions of central venous catheter-related Staphylococcus epidermidis icaA, icaD, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and formation of bacterial biofilm. METHODS: The type of Staphylococcus epidermidis in lung cancer cases with catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) was indentified, followed by bacterial genomic DNA extraction. The expression of biofilm formation-related genes icaA, icaD mRNA and phenotype of biofilm were detected by PCR. The serum TGF-β1 levels in cases with or without CRBSI were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of Staphylococcus epidermidis operon icaA and icaD gene was positive correlated to biofilm formation in lung cancer cases with CRBSI (P < 0.01); particularly, the TGF-β1 levels in CRBSI cases were greater than that of non-CRBSI cases (P < 0.05). The results demonstrated that, central venous catheter infection causes positive Staphylococcus epidermidis icaA and icaD gene expressions in lung cancer cases and is prone to form biofilm, high level of peripheral TGF-β1 may play a positive role in bacterial biofilm formation.

(2009ZC116M).Relationship of biomaterials related infections and transforming growth factor levels in the peripheral blood of lung cancer patients / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Permanent or transient implantation of biomaterials can result in biomaterials-centered infections (BCI) in lung cancer patients.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between BCI and peripheral blood transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in patients with lung cancer.METHODS: A total of 248 lung cancer patients undergoing in vivo intravascular catheter indwelling > 7 days were included.Quantitative method was used for intubation, bacteriological culture and paired blood culture, and API Staph strips were adopted for positive patients. While enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect TGF-β1 levels in the peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer and 75 healthy volunteers as normal controls.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among the 248 patients, there were 82 BCI-positive cases, and 166 BCI-negative cases.Thirteen patients were confirmed to have catheter-related bloodstream infection. There were 48 Gram-positive bacteria, 24Gram-negative bacilli, and 10 fungal. The levels of TGF-β1 were higher in BCI-positive patients than BCI-negative patients (P < 0.05); the levels of TGF-β1 in the BCI-negative group were higher than those in the normal control group (P < 0.05). For lung cancer patients with nosocomial infection induced BCI, there are various species of pathogenic bacteria, and Gram-positive bacteria are more common. To detect TGF-β1 levels in patients with lung cancer is of significance for early prevention of BCI.