Plasma brain natriuretic peptide, platelet parameters, and cardiopulmonary function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease with worldwide occurrence and high disability and mortality rate. It occurs mostly in the elderly population with pulmonary heart disease, type II respiratory failure, and other serious complications. AIM: To investigate the correlation of plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and platelet parameters with cardiac function and pulmonary hypertension in patients with COPD and pulmonary heart disease. METHODS: From June 2016 to June 2019, 52 patients with COPD-pulmonary heart disease (pulmonary heart disease group), 30 patients with COPD (COPD group), and 30 healthy individuals (control group) in our hospital were enrolled in the study. The pulmonary heart disease group was further divided into subgroups according to cardiac function classification and pulmonary artery pressure. Plasma BNP and platelet parameters were estimated and compared among each group and subgroup. The correlation of plasma BNP and platelet parameters with cardiac function classification and pulmonary artery pressure was then analyzed. RESULTS: In the pulmonary heart disease group, the COPD group, and the control group, the levels of plasma BNP, platelet distribution width (PDW), and mean platelet volume (MPV) showed a decreasing trend (P < 0.05), while an increasing trend was found in platelet count (PLT) and plateletcrit (PCT) levels among the three groups (P < 0.05). In the pulmonary hypertension mild, moderate, and severe subgroups, the levels of plasma BNP, PDW, and MPV showed an increasing trend (P < 0.05), while a decreasing trend was observed in PLT levels (P < 0.05); however, PCT levels showed no significant difference among the three subgroups (P > 0.05). In the cardiac function grade I, II, III, and IV subgroups, the levels of plasma BNP, PDW, and MPV showed an increasing trend (P < 0.05), while a decreasing trend was noted in PLT and PCT levels among the four subgroups (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the levels of plasma BNP, PDW, and MPV in patients with pulmonary heart disease were positively correlated with their pulmonary artery pressure (P < 0.05), while PLT was negatively correlated with their pulmonary artery pressure (P < 0.05). Moreover, plasma BNP, PDW, and MPV levels were positively correlated with cardiac function grade (P < 0.05) of these patients, while PLT and PCT levels were negatively correlated with their cardiac function grade (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Plasma BNP and PLT parameters are significantly correlated with the cardiac function and pulmonary hypertension in patients with COPD and pulmonary heart disease, indicating that these parameters have high clinical relevance in reflecting the health condition of these patients and for guiding their treatment.

Associations of Insulin Levels and Insulin Resistance With Urine Glucose Excretion Independent of Blood Glucose in Chinese Adults With Prediabetes and Newly Diagnosed Diabetes.

Several studies have demonstrated that renal glucose reabsorption is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, the increased renal glucose reabsorption may contribute to the progression of hyperglycemia. Therefore, promoting urine glucose excretion (UGE) by suppression of renal glucose reabsorption is an attractive approach for the treatment of diabetes. Insulin resistance is identified as a major characteristic in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the association of UGE with serum insulin levels and insulin resistance in subjects with glucose abnormalities, including prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes (NDD). The present study included 1129 subjects, 826 individuals with prediabetes and 303 individuals with NDD. Urine samples were collected within 2 h of oral glucose loading for the measurement of glucose. Fasting serum insulin was measured. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was assessed. Multiple linear regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the association of UGE with insulin levels and HOMA-IR. A negative association between serum insulin levels and UGE was observed. The relationship remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders, including age, gender, blood pressure and glucose (ß = -5.271, 95% CI: -9.775 to -0.767, p = 0.022). Furthermore, multivariable logistic regression model showed that increased insulin levels were associated with a decreased risk for high UGE after multivariable adjustment. In addition, similar correlation was also observed between HOMA-IR and UGE. HOMA-IR was negatively correlated with UGE after controlling for potential confounders. Moreover, an independent inverse relationship between HOMA-IR and the risk of high UGE was found (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.78-0.93, p < 0.001). In conclusion, insulin levels and HOMA-IR were negatively correlated with UGE after adjusting for potential confounders. Subjects with increased insulin levels or IR were at a decreased risk of high UGE independent of blood glucose. The study suggests that insulin might affect UGE through other ways, in addition to the direct blood glucose-lowering effect, thereby resulting in reduced UGE.

Identification of Newly Diagnosed Diabetes and Prediabetes Using Fasting Plasma Glucose and Urinary Glucose in a Chinese Population: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Although fasting plasma glucose (FPG) has been highly recommended as the sole test for diabetes screening, the efficacy of FPG alone for diabetes screening is potentially limited due to its low sensitivity. The aim of this study was to improve the efficacy of FPG for diabetes screening using urinary glucose (UG). METHODS: This study was initiated on November 12, 2015, and ended on June 28, 2016. A representative sample of individuals aged between 18 and 65 years, with no history of diabetes, from 6 cities in Jiangsu Province participated in this study. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was used to diagnose diabetes. All urine samples were collected within 2 h of oral glucose loading to measure UG. Partial correlation analyses were used to evaluate the associations between UG and other glycemic variables, including FPG, 2-h plasma glucose (2h-PG), and glycated hemoglobin A1c, after adjustment for age. The performance of UG was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: Of the 7485 individuals included, 8% were newly diagnosed with diabetes and 48.7% had prediabetes. The areas under the ROC curves for UG were 0.75 for estimation of 2h-PG ≥7.8 mmol/L and 0.90 for 2h-PG ≥11.1 mmol/L, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of UG were 52.3% and 87.8%, respectively, for 2h-PG ≥7.8 mmol/L (cutoff point ≥130 mg), and 83.5% and 87.5%, respectively, for 2h-PG ≥11.1 mmol/L (cutoff point ≥178.5 mg). The combination of FPG and UG demonstrated a significantly higher sensitivity than that of FPG alone for the identification of diabetes ([483/597] 80.9% vs. [335/597] 56.1%, χ2 = 85.0, P < 0.001) and glucose abnormalities ([2643/4242] 62.3% vs. [2365/4242] 55.8%, χ2 = 37.7, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of UG and FPG substantially improves the efficacy of using FPG alone for diabetes screening; this combination might be a practical screening tool and is worth being recommended in the future.

[Study on the mycoplasma infection status between healthy women and women with gential tract inflammation].

OBJECTIVE: To study and compare the pathogenicity and pathogenic condition of Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) and Mycoplasma homonis (Mh) between healthy women and women with gential tract inflammation. METHODS: To collect the gential tract secretion in the two groups and detect the infectious ratio and color change unit ( CCU) concentration. Together with data gathered from questionnaires, we studied the mycoplasma infectious status between the two kinds of people. RESULTS: The positive rate was 76. 1 % in women with gential inflammation, higher than in healthy women whose positive rate was 42.2% (chi(2) = 45.1862, P< 0.0001). Mixed infection of Uu and Mh was popular in infected women. Healthy women were easier to be infected by Uu or Mh( Uu, Uu + Mh: X(2) = 39.5956, P< 0.0001; Mh,Uu + Mh: X(2)= 13.2935, P= 0.0003). The result of CCU concentration showed the infected concentration in women with gential tract inflammation was higher than healthy women(Uu: Z = 7. 1058, P< 0.0001; Mh: Z= 8.7201, P< 0.0001). Uu and Mh were commonl sensitively in every age. CONCLUSION: Both Uu and Mh were conditioned pathogens. The two kinds of mycoplasma had cooperated pathogenic effects which was easily leading to clinical symptom in the high infectious concentration.

[Sequential analysis of detection Mycoplasma in different positions of female genital tract].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the main parasitic position of Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) and Mycoplasma hominis (Mh) in female genital tract. METHODS: Using the standard aseptic cotton swab to collect secretion in vaginal fornix and orificium internum uteri, to culture Uu and Mh in Mycoplasma ID medium of France Bio-Merieux Co. According to double-direction quality reaction sequential test design, detection results of different position were analyzed. RESULTS: Total positive and > or = 10(4) ccu/ml positive of Uu in vaginal fornix were significantly higher than that in orificium internum uteri. Total positive of Mh in vaginal fornix was significantly higher than that in orificium internum uteri as well. CONCLUSION: In order to raise the detectable rate of Mycoplasma, we suggested that the secretion in vaginal fornix position be collected.

In vitro production of TNF-alpha,IL-6 and sIL-2R in Chinese patients with ulcerative colitis.

AIM:To determine the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2r) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in 25 Chinese patients with ulcerative colitis and 20 healthy controls.METHODS:PBMC were isolated by density gradient centrifugation of heparinized blood and cultures for 24 or 48 hours by stimulation with LPS or PHA. TNF-alphaand sIL-2r were measured by ELISA method and IL-6 measured by biossay.RESULTS:TNF-alphaproduction stimulated by LPS and sIL-2r production by PHA in ulcerative colitis were significantly lower than in healthy controls (TNF-alpha509(46-7244)ng/L vs 1995(117-18 950)ng/L, P < 0.05; sIL-2r 320U/mlplus minus 165U/ml vs 451U/mlplus minus 247U/ml, P < 0.05).Spontaneous TNF-alphaand sIL-2r production were not significantly different between ulcerative colitis and controls (TNF-alpha304(46-7044)ng/L vs 215(46-4009)ng/L,P > 0.05; sIL-2r 264U/mlplus minus 115U/ml vs 236U/mlplus minus139U/ml, P>0.05). IL-6 production by spontaneous release from PBMC in ulcerative colitis group was 109U/mlplus minus 94U/ml vs 44U/mlplus minus 39U/ml for those in healthy controls, P < 0.01. IL-6 stimulated by LPS in ulcerative colitis group was (261U/ml plus minus 80U/ml) higher than in healthy controls (102U/mlplus minus 54U/ml, P < 0.01). No correlation of TNF-alpha, IL-6, sIL-2r production was found to disease activity, disease location and medication.CONCLUSION:Cytokine production from PBMC was also disturbed in Chinese patients with ulcerative colitis.