Nation-wide analysis of the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on daily urology practice in Turkey.

OBJECTIVE: To present a nation-wide analysis of the workload of urology departments in Turkey week-by-week during Covid-19 pandemic. METHODOLOGY: The centres participating in the study were divided into three groups as tertiary referral centres, state hospitals and private practice hospitals. The number of outpatients, inpatients, daily interventions and urological surgeries were recorded prospectively between 9-March-2020 and 31-May-2020. All these variables were recorded for the same time interval of 2019 as well. The weekly change of the workload of urology during pandemic period was evaluated, also the workload of urology and the distributions of certain urological surgeries were compared between the pandemic period and the same time interval of the year 2019. RESULTS: A total of 51 centres participated in the study. The number of outpatients, inpatients, urological surgeries and daily interventions were found to be dramatically decreased by the 3rd week of pandemics in state hospitals and tertiary referral centres; however, the daily urological practice were similar in private practice hospitals throughout the pandemic period. When the workload of urology in pandemic period and the same time interval of the year 2019 were compared, a huge decrease was observed in all variables during pandemic period. However, temporary measures like ureteral stenting, nephrostomy placement and percutaneous cystostomy have been found to increase during Covid-19 pandemic compared with normal life. CONCLUSIONS: Covid-19 pandemic significantly affected the routine daily urological practice likewise other subspecialties and priority was given to emergent and non-deferrable surgeries by urologists in concordance with published clinical guidelines.

Effects of perineural invasion in prostate needle biopsy on tumor grade and biochemical recurrence rates after radical prostatectomy.

To predict local invasive disease before retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP), the correlation of perineural invasion (PNI) on prostate needle biopsy (PNB) and RRP pathology data and the effect of PNI on biochemical recurrence (BR) were researched. For patients with RRP performed between 2005 and 2014, predictive and pathologic prognostic factors were assessed. Initially all and D'Amico intermediate-risk group patients were comparatively assessed in terms of being T2 or T3 stage on RRP pathology, positive or negative for PNI presence on PNB and positive or negative BR situation. Additionally the effect of PNI presence on recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate was investigated. When all patients are investigated, multivariate analysis observed that in T3 patients PSA, PNB Gleason score (GS) and tumor percentage were significantly higher; in PNI positive patients PNB GS, core number and tumor percentage were significantly higher and in BR positive patients PNB PNI positivity and core number were significantly higher compared to T2, PNI negative and BR negative patients, separately (p < 0.05). When D'Amico intermediate-risk patients are evaluated, for T3 patients PSA and PNB tumor percentage; for PNI positive patients PNB core number and tumor percentage; and for BR positive patients PNB PNI positivity were significantly higher compared to T2, PNI negative and BR negative patients, separately (p < 0.05). Mean RFS in the whole patient group was 56.4 ± 4.2 months for PNI positive and 96.1 ± 5.7 months for negative groups. In the intermediate-risk group, mean RFS was 53.7 ± 5.1 months for PNI positive and 100.3 ± 7.7 months for negative groups (p < 0.001). PNI positivity on PNB was shown to be an important predictive factor for increased T3 disease and BR rates and reduced RFS.

Impact of pelvic biometric measurements, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas on trifecta outcome and surgical margin status after open radical retropubic prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVE: There is no sufficient evidence to demonstrate whether more challenging pelvic anatomy affects the functional and oncological outcomes of radical retropubic prostatectomy (RP). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of pelvic biometric measurements, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas on trifecta outcome (cancer control, continence and potency) and surgical margin status after open RP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 270 patients who were diagnosed with clinically localized prostate cancer between 2005 and 2011 and underwent computed tomography imaging before RP. Pelvic bony and soft-tissue measurements, and visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area calculations were performed. Patients were evaluated for trifecta outcome and surgical margin status on univariate and multivariate analyses. Subgroup analysis was performed for prostate volume, body mass index (BMI) and D'Amico risk classification. RESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed that patients with trifecta were younger, and had lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, wider symphysis angle, and narrower prostate width and soft-tissue width (p < 0.05). Patients with positive surgical margins were older, and had higher PSA levels, lower prostate volume and narrower prostate width (p < 0.05). Visceral adipose tissue area was lower in patients with trifecta when BMI was below 25 kg/cm² (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, PSA level and symphysis angle were statistically significant for trifecta while PSA level was the only statistically significant variable for positive surgical margins (p < 0.05). Interfemoral index was significant in the low-risk group of D'Amico classification for trifecta outcome. CONCLUSION: Pelvic biometric measurements and adipose tissue area calculations may help in preoperative planning and the management of RP.