ABSTRACT
The results of the virological identification of the Chikungunya fever case in Moscow (September, 2013) in an Indonesian visitor are presented. The clinic, electron microscopy, and molecular genetic data are discussed. The Ghikungunya virus (CHIKV) strain CHIKVILEIV-Moscow/1/2013 belonging to the Asian genotype (ID GenBank KF872195) was deposited into the Russian State Collection of viruses (GKV 1239; 18.11.2013).
Subject(s)
Alphavirus Infections/diagnosis , Chikungunya virus/genetics , Alphavirus Infections/pathology , Alphavirus Infections/virology , Base Sequence , Chikungunya Fever , Chikungunya virus/classification , Chikungunya virus/isolation & purification , Humans , Indonesia , Male , Middle Aged , Molecular Sequence Data , Moscow , Phylogeny , TravelABSTRACT
The results of the ultrastructural study of the epithelium of the patient cervix infected by the human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 before and after treatment by contrasting thermo-laser therapy (CTLT) are presented. It was shown in this work that 1.5 and 6 months after treatment HPV DNA was not detected in the biopsy and the smear of the cervix using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the ultrathin sections, the structure of the epithelial cells from the biopsy after treatment corresponded to norm. There was effective elimination of HPV types 16 and 18 as Induces by CTLT method.
Subject(s)
Cervix Uteri , Human papillomavirus 16/ultrastructure , Human papillomavirus 18/ultrastructure , Laser Therapy , Papillomavirus Infections , Adult , Cervix Uteri/surgery , Cervix Uteri/ultrastructure , Cervix Uteri/virology , Epithelium/ultrastructure , Epithelium/virology , Female , Humans , Papillomavirus Infections/pathology , Papillomavirus Infections/surgeryABSTRACT
Different cell tissue cultures and commercial fetal calf sera (FTS) used in biological and virological research were screened for the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV, Pestivirus genus, Flaviviridae family) and mycoplasma contamination. BVDV was detected using RT-PCR and Indirect immunofluorescence (with monoclonal antibodies) methods in 33% cases of the studied cell lines and in > 60% cases of FCS. BVDV was shown to present and reproduce in high spectra of human cell lines, as well as in monkey, pig, rabbit, goat, dog, and cat cells at high levels (up to 100-1000 genome-equivalent copies per cell) and reached up to 10(3)-10(7) genome-equivalent copies per serum ml. The molecular mechanisms of the long virus persistence without definite signs of destruction should be studied.
Subject(s)
Cell Line/virology , Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral/isolation & purification , Mycoplasma/isolation & purification , RNA, Viral/isolation & purification , Animals , Cattle , Cell Culture Techniques , Fetal Blood/virology , Humans , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Serum/virologyABSTRACT
Immediate-early protein IE-1 pp72 is one of the most abundant proteins at the early stage of human cytomegalovirus infection and has a number of intranuclear activities. This paper gives immunocytochemical and ultrastructural data on IE-1 pp72 accumulation in the juxtanuclear inclusion at the late stage of low-multiplicity infection. Detection of a new localization site infers that this protein may participate in the final steps of virus morphogenesis and play a functional role in the pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus infection.
Subject(s)
Cytomegalovirus Infections/virology , Cytomegalovirus/metabolism , Cytoplasm/virology , Immediate-Early Proteins/metabolism , Inclusion Bodies, Viral/metabolism , Cell Nucleus/metabolism , Cell Nucleus/virology , Cells, Cultured , Cytomegalovirus Infections/metabolism , Cytoplasm/metabolism , Fibroblasts/metabolism , Fibroblasts/virology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Humans , Immediate-Early Proteins/genetics , Inclusion Bodies, Viral/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron , Virus ReplicationABSTRACT
Fifteen strains of Getah alfavirus were for the first time isolated from Aedes and Culex mosquitoes in Yakutia, Magadan region, Buryatia, and Khabarovsk region of the Russian Federation and in Mongolia. The area of this virus dissemination in the above regions was steppe, mixed forest, Northern taiga, and forest-tundra zones, reaching the tundra zone in the North. Getah virus is the only alfavirus occurring under such severe climatic conditions.
Subject(s)
Alphavirus/isolation & purification , Aedes/virology , Animals , Culex/virology , Asia, EasternABSTRACT
Three identical strains of a new virus Kama (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus, Tyuleny antigenic group) were isolated from Ixodes lividus Roch, obligate parasites of Riparia riparia L. The ticks were collected in June, 1990 in Tatarstan on the islands in the basin of the Kama river. The strains were examined under electron microscope and by serological tests (neutralization, complement fixation, hemagglutination inhibition, and indirect immunofluorescence). The virus is antigenically related but not identical to Tyuleny virus. Hence, the Tyuleny antigenic group at present includes viruses Tyuleny, Meaban, Gadgest Gally, Saumares Reef, and Kama. All these viruses are associated with an ecosystem including ixodide ticks, obligate parasites of colonial birds.
Subject(s)
Flaviviridae/isolation & purification , Ixodes/virology , Animals , Cell Line , Cricetinae , Flaviviridae/immunology , Flaviviridae/ultrastructure , Mice , Microscopy, ElectronABSTRACT
Cell systems infected with 63 strains of types 1 and 2 HIV virus (HIV-1 and HIV-2) were examined under electron microscope. HIV virions were most frequently detected near the cell membrane or budding from it. In the cytoplasm HIV occurred only in vacuole-like formations. Accumulations of mature virions were seen in the cell-to-cell space. Mature particles of HIV-1 and HIV-2 differed by their morphology from oncoviral C particles and were similar rater to the Visna/Medi type Lentiviruses. Morphological analysis of HIV strains isolated in Russia demonstrated their similarity to be foreign HIV strains.
Subject(s)
HIV-1/isolation & purification , HIV-2/isolation & purification , Cell Line/ultrastructure , Cell Line/virology , Humans , Microscopy, Electron , Virion/ultrastructureABSTRACT
HIV-1 strains MC-1974 and MC-1978 were isolated from children infected in hospital. Both children presented with symptoms of HIV infection by the moment the blood samples for virus isolation were collected. In vitro the isolated strains showed weak infective activity and caused no cytopathic effect in sensitive cells. It may be explained by azidothymidine antiviral therapy or by initial immunodeficient status of both children not caused by HIV infection. Virus activity was enhanced in both cultures after reactivation of Jurkat-tat cells persistently infected with MC-1974 and MC-1978 strains after cryopreservation. Viruses isolated from culture fluid effectively infected Jurkat-tat cells. The infection was associated with formation of syncytia, accumulation of viral particles detected by electron microscopy and of intracellular antigens detected by fluorescent antibody technique and by immunoblotting. The results suggest the presence in the body of infected children and in Jurkat-tat-1974 and Jurkat-tat-1978 persistent lines of a viral genome containing all virusspecific genes necessary for productive expression of HIV-1.
Subject(s)
HIV Seropositivity/virology , HIV-1/physiology , Monocytes/virology , Cell Line , Gene Products, gag/metabolism , HIV Seropositivity/metabolism , Humans , Infant , Monocytes/metabolismABSTRACT
Strains of virus belonging, according to the results of electron microscopic examinations, to the herpes virus family, were isolated in Vero cell culture from the organs and aphtha secretions in the buccal cavity of yaks developing the disease during an epizootic (more than 500 animals) in Khubsugul aimak (Mongolian village) in Mongolia, 1990. Virus-neutralizing antibodies were detected in the blood sera of the sick animals. The isolated strains differ from herpes viruses affecting man. No infection could be induced by materials of the sick animals in cows and oxen of different breeds in Mongolia. Seroepidemiological surveys are planned because of the mass character of the disease and its repeated occurrence.
Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/microbiology , Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Herpesviridae Infections/veterinary , Herpesviridae/isolation & purification , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/epidemiology , Cells, Cultured/microbiology , Cells, Cultured/ultrastructure , Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral , Herpesviridae/immunology , Herpesviridae/ultrastructure , Herpesviridae Infections/epidemiology , Herpesviridae Infections/microbiology , Microscopy, Electron , Mongolia/epidemiology , Neutralization Tests/veterinaryABSTRACT
Isolation of a virus agent from sick white cranes in National Oka Preserve is described. The results of virological and serological studies on specimens from the sick birds permitted a conclusion that the infection in the cranes could be induced by avian herpes virus.
Subject(s)
Birds/microbiology , Herpesvirus 2, Gallid/isolation & purification , Animals , Bird Diseases/microbiology , Chick Embryo , Herpesvirus 2, Gallid/immunology , Herpesvirus 2, Gallid/pathogenicity , Immunization , Marek Disease/microbiology , Mice , Microscopy, Electron , Rabbits , Time Factors , Virus CultivationABSTRACT
HIV strains were isolated from HIV-infected patients and AIDS patients in CIS. A total of 81 HIV isolates were obtained. The isolates were identified by using immunofluorescence and enzyme immunoassay, by determining the activity of reverse transcriptase, immunoblot, electron microscopy, polymerase chain reaction. Of the 81 isolates 79 were HIV-1 and 2 HIV-2. The strains differed in their infectivity, the kinetics of virus antigen accumulation, and the spectrum of susceptible cell lines. The viruses isolated may be assigned as two groups: high and low infective. The biological properties of the national HIV isolates were shown to be similar to the prototype HIV strains isolated elsewhere.
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology , HIV Infections/microbiology , HIV-1/isolation & purification , HIV-2/isolation & purification , Commonwealth of Independent States , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , HIV Antibodies/blood , HIV-1/classification , HIV-1/immunology , HIV-2/classification , HIV-2/immunology , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Lymphocytes/microbiology , Microscopy, Electron , Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/analysisABSTRACT
The data on isolation from birds and identification of two strains of alphaviruses in Estonia in the territory of Vilsandy natural reserve are presented. Electron microscopy of purified virions allowed the isolates to be classified into the family of togaviruses, and serological identification (neutralization test, CFT) using polyvalent sera and monoclonal antibody showed them to belong to Sindbis virus.
Subject(s)
Birds/microbiology , Sindbis Virus/isolation & purification , Animals , Ecology , Estonia , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Microscopy, Electron , Serial Passage , Serotyping , Sindbis Virus/classification , Sindbis Virus/ultrastructure , Viral Plaque AssayABSTRACT
Fifty-seven HIV-1 strains were isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes of 102 HIV-infected persons involved in epidemic outbreaks in different cities of the USSR. The effectiveness of isolation was 29.1% in asymptomatic infection, 51.7% in cases with generalized lymphadenopathy, and 82.6% in persons with severe clinical manifestations. Identification of the isolates by indirect immunofluorescence, ELISA, reverse transcriptase activity, Western blot, electron microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction showed them to belong to HIV-1 type. Reproduction of the isolates in cell cultures was accompanied by cytopathic effect and syncytium formation. The isolated strains can be divided into two groups: (1) the poorly growing isolates with low or negative RT and ELISA results and (2) the isolates with high infectivity, broad spectrum of cell tropism, and high levels of RT and ELISA. These data show the correlation of biological properties of HIV-1 strains isolated in the USSR with those of HIV strains previously isolated in Europe, USA, and Africa.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections/microbiology , HIV-1/isolation & purification , Cell Line , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , HIV Antibodies/blood , HIV Reverse Transcriptase , HIV-1/growth & development , HIV-1/ultrastructure , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Lymphocytes/microbiology , Microscopy, Electron , Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase , USSR , Virus Cultivation/methodsABSTRACT
A preparation of ribamydil, an analogue of natural nucleosides, synthesized at the Latvian SSR Institute of Organic Chemistry showed a sufficiently high activity against bunyaviruses of California encephalitis complex both in vitro and in vivo. Various modifications of the enzyme immunoassay may be used for control of the effectiveness of treatment with this drug. Some advantages of the subcutaneous route over the intramuscular one were found. Ribamydil may be useful for treatment of infections of California encephalitis complex.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Encephalitis, California/drug therapy , Ribavirin/pharmacology , Ribonucleosides/pharmacology , Animals , Antigens, Viral/immunology , Antiviral Agents/blood , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Chlorocebus aethiops , Encephalitis Virus, California/drug effects , Encephalitis Virus, California/immunology , Encephalitis, Arbovirus , Encephalitis, California/immunology , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Mice , Rabbits , Ribavirin/blood , Ribavirin/therapeutic useABSTRACT
The ixodid ticks Hyalomma asiaticum, H. anatolicum, Dermacentor niveus were infected experimentally with Karsha virus. The virus replication has been proved to occur in the tick's organism. The titre of the virus grows gradually in infected ticks. Entering the tick's gut during its feeding virus particles penetrate into the gut walls where primary multiplication and accumulation of the virus take place.
Subject(s)
Flavivirus/pathogenicity , Ticks/microbiology , Animals , Dermacentor/microbiology , Feeding Behavior , Female , Male , Mice , Time Factors , Togaviridae Infections/microbiology , Virus CultivationABSTRACT
The guts of H. asiaticum and H. anatolicum ticks infected with Karshi virus and incubated at 22 degrees and 37 degrees C were studied. Virus particles with morphological features of flaviviruses were found 5 days after infection in the cells of the gut of ticks incubated at 22 degrees C and within 24 hours postinfection in the gut cells of the ticks incubated at 37 degrees C. The possible effect of temperature on the rate of development and spread of the infectious process in the gut wall of the midgut of ticks of both species is discussed.
Subject(s)
Digestive System/ultrastructure , Ticks/ultrastructure , Togaviridae Infections/microbiology , Animals , Digestive System/microbiology , Flavivirus/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron , Ticks/microbiology , Time Factors , Virion/ultrastructureABSTRACT
Some genetic and biological properties of the multiploid -forming mutant of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus as well as of standard and multiploid virions isolated from its population were analysed. The mutant steadily retained the capacity for formation of multiploid virions comprising up to 20% of the population both in passages in CEF culture and in the progeny of multiploid and standard virions. Owing to this, the concentration of multiploid virions in the population of this mutant remains at a constant level. Formation of multiploid virions compensates for the temperature-sensitive defect inherent in the standard virions which is associated with later stages of virus replication.
Subject(s)
Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/physiology , Mutation , Polyploidy , Animals , Chick Embryo , Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/genetics , Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/isolation & purification , Phenotype , Temperature , Viral Plaque Assay , Virion/genetics , Virion/isolation & purification , Virion/physiology , Virus CultivationABSTRACT
The question of a possible etiological role of the family of herpes viruses in generation of human malignancies is discussed. The detection of herpes simplex virus in human tumor by electron microscopic examination of a biopsy sample from a cervical carcinoma patient is another proof of herpes virus association with human malignant neoplasias.
Subject(s)
Simplexvirus/isolation & purification , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/microbiology , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Biopsy , Female , Humans , Mice , Microscopy, Electron , Simplexvirus/immunology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/immunology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/ultrastructure , Virus CultivationABSTRACT
Morphological, caryological, cytoproliferative, and isoenzyme studies of Syrian hamster cells HTC-2 and HTC-1 transformed by herpes simplex virus type 2 and a HTCT line of tumor cells were carried out. The hamster origin of these cell lines was established by chromosomal analysis and electrophoretic mobility of lactate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase isoenzymes. The transformed and tumor cell lines differ from normal cells by altered morphology, an aneuploid chromosome set and increased proliferative activity. Electron microscopic examination of transformed cells revealed increased amounts of filamentous and tubular structures in the cytoplasm. No retroviruses were found.