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BMC Infect Dis ; 12: 245, 2012 Oct 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23038999

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to analyze the factors that are associated with the adequacy of empirical antibiotic therapy and its impact in mortality in a large cohort of patients with extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL)--producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. bacteremia. METHODS: Cases of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) bacteremia collected from 2003 through 2008 in 19 hospitals in Spain. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: We analyzed 387 cases ESBL-E bloodstream infections. The main sources of bacteremia were urinary tract (55.3%), biliary tract (12.7%), intra-abdominal (8.8%) and unknown origin (9.6%). Among all the 387 episodes, E. coli was isolated from blood cultures in 343 and in 45.71% the ESBL-E was multidrug resistant. Empirical antibiotic treatment was adequate in 48.8% of the cases and the in hospital mortality was 20.9%. In a multivariate analysis adequacy was a risk factor for death [adjusted OR (95% CI): 0.39 (0.31-0.97); P = 0.04], but not in patients without severe sepsis or shock. The class of antibiotic used empirically was not associated with prognosis in adequately treated patients. CONCLUSION: ESBL-E bacteremia has a relatively high mortality that is partly related with a low adequacy of empirical antibiotic treatment. In selected subgroups the relevance of the adequacy of empirical therapy is limited.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy , Escherichia coli/enzymology , Klebsiella Infections/drug therapy , Klebsiella/enzymology , beta-Lactamases/metabolism , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bacteremia/microbiology , Bacteremia/mortality , Child , Child, Preschool , Cohort Studies , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Escherichia coli Infections/mortality , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Klebsiella/isolation & purification , Klebsiella Infections/microbiology , Klebsiella Infections/mortality , Male , Middle Aged , Spain , Survival Analysis , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
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