[Error reporting from a nurse's point of view: results of a survey in nursing homes and hospitals]. / Fehlermeldungen aus Sicht stationär Pflegender: Ergebnisse einer Befragung in Pflegeheimen und Krankenhäusern.

AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to gain insight into the reporting of errors as perceived by nurses employed in inpatient health-care facilities. METHOD: A representative written survey of nurses working in German nursing homes and hospitals was conducted. RESULTS: The 1100 respondents reported an average of 1.9 errors in the last half year, with nurses working in nursing homes reporting more errors than hospital-employed ones. They estimated that 20.5% of all errors are reported. One third of the participants did not know what events should be reported; more than 20% feared repercussions and mentioned a lack of feedback on error reports. RESULTS are not statistically associated to the presence or absence of an error reporting system, but there are hints for organisational advantages and workload-related disadvantages of systematic forms of reporting. Reporting behaviour was also related to the perception of factors concerning the organisation of the actual reporting of errors. CONCLUSION: Defining reportable error events, organisational barriers to report errors and deficits in the dealing with errors and error reports have to be tackled to augment error reporting rates and profit from reporting systems.

[Nursing errors and the consequences. Results of a survey of nurses from inpatient care institutions]. / Pflegefehler und die Folgen. Ergebnisse einer Befragung von Pflegendenin stationären Versorgungseinrichtungen.

Internationally, research on the consequences of errors caused by nurses is quite comprehensive. In contrast, the body of knowledge on the effects that errors have on the nurses themselves is rather small. It is well known that errors can have profoundly negative outcomes on nurses. In some cases, however, errors can have useful ramifications. This paper shows the research results of a representative cross-sectional survey that covers 1,100 nurses working in German hospitals and nursing homes and illustrates the effects of errors on them. Most participants in the sample mentioned feelings of regret/remorse and irritation/annoyance/stress as an effect when they made a mistake. More than half of the nurses state that they also learnt from their errors. Hospital nurses frequently suffer from psychological effects while nursing home nurses experience more often professional or legal consequences. With increasing age and professional experience the nurses indicate a lower error impact. The answers given by nurse assistants differ from those of nurses with a three-year training course. The results suggest an amount of stress that may reduce efficiency and increase susceptibility to mistakes and which, therefore, needs to be remedied.

Heterogeneous expression of serine protease inhibitor maspin in ovarian cancer.

UNLABELLED: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a disease with poor prognosis, and molecular markers are needed to improve understanding of disease progression and resultant treatment. Only limited data concerning the expression of maspin, a serine protease inhibitor, in ovarian cancer (OC) are available. This study investigates the prognostic value of maspin expression (ME) in various OC cell lines and clinical tissue specimens from OC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Tumour purified mouse anti-human maspin monoclonal antibody was applied to tissue specimens from 87 OC patients. ME was recorded by an immunoreactive score, which was correlated with grading, stage, histopathological subtypes and overall survival. Additionally ME was evaluated in established ovarian cancer cell lines (HEY, SKOV3, OVCAR3/8) and paclitaxel- and docetaxel-resistant HEY cells by QRT-PCR. RESULTS: There was significant correlation between cytoplasmatic ME and overall survival (p<0.05). OC patients with high levels of ME had a median survival of 28 vs. 57 months for those with low levels. Significant differential ME was detected between benign, borderline ovarian lesions and OC, as well as among different tumour gradings. Normal ovarian epithelial cells expressed less maspin than ovarian cancer cells as measured by QRT-PCR. Docetaxel- and paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cell lines showed an even higher level of ME, suggesting an unfavourable role of ME in OC cell lines. CONCLUSION: Maspin is expressed differentially in OC, and low expression levels of maspin are correlated with a longer survival.

[Planning and controlling care services for elderly migrants--an analysis of health-care reporting in nursing homes and at home]. / Planung und Steuerung der Pflegeversorgung auch für Migranten und Migrantinnen?--Eine Analyse der Pflege- und Gesundheitsberichterstattung in der ambulanten und stationären Altenpflege.

Elderly migrants are a rapidly growing group in Germany. Well-grounded health and nursing care reports which deal with the situation of migrants are therefore necessary to secure an appropriate local and national planning of care for elderly migrants. Also quality control and development need substantiated data in order to ensure proper nursing care services for this segment of the population. This contribution explores whether and to what extent data sources provide information about access, quality and use of care services by migrants. The result: the major data sources for regional and national care planning and quality control render no specific information about migrants. This is problematic since several studies indicate severe deficits in nursing care services for this group.

[Migration-sensitive data collection for public health surveillance]. / Migrationssensible Datenerhebung für die Gesundheitsberichterstattung. Arbeitsgruppe Gesundheitsberichterstattung des Arbeitskreises "Migration und öffentliche Gesundheit".

Despite the many potential sources of stress and strain that accompany a migration situation, there are very few data in official statistics with regard to the health and social situation of migrants in Germany. The fact that this information is not available for public health reporting could lead to problems of improper, lacking or excessive health care. A working group within the Arbeitskreis Migration und Offentliche Gesundheit has been addressing this problem since 2003. In this article, a systematic overview of the most important data sources for public health reporting and of the indicators for migration background and social status that each one contains will be given. After that we will present examples of good practice in migration-sensitive data collection at the local and national level. Finally suggestions for improving the data situation with regard to the health of migrants based on the recommendation for recording the migration status in epidemiological studies will be made.

[Optimizing the nursing process by new management instruments. The Northern Germany Nursing Research Network]. / Optimierung des Pflegeprozesses durch neue Steuerungsinstrumente: Der Pflegeforschungsverbund Nord.

The Northern Germany Nursing Research Network (Pflegeforschungsverbund Nord) has dedicated itself to developing management instruments intended to optimize the nursing process. It is coordinated by the administrative office of the Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research (Institut für Public Health und Pflegeforschung IPP, director: Prof. Dr. Stefan Görres), Department of "Interdisziplinäre Alterns- und Pflegeforschung", University of Bremen. Four partial projects are currently being worked on in two groups: Group A--"Deficient areas of nursing action": The projects belonging to this group are "Individual care-patterns of elderly people and their determinants" (University of Bremen) and "Mobility Restrictions in Nursing Homes-Multicentre Observational Study (MORIN)" (University of Hamburg). The purpose of these studies is to examine the relevance of quantitatively significant risk combinations from a nursing science perspective. Group B--"The generation and testing of nursing action management instruments": The projects in this area are "Nursing rounds as instruments of quality assurance in home-based care" (University of Applied Sciences, Bremen) and "Predicting the risk of falls, efficiency of standard scales in opposition to nursing assessment-Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial (PROFESSION)" (University of Hamburg). These studies concentrate in a unique manner on the generation and testing of management/control instruments suitable for application to nursing action.

[From the foreign to the familiar: the discourse on intercultural care and its impact on nursing science]. / Vom Fremden zum Eigenen: Zum Diskurs der Interkulturellen Pflege und seinen Impulsen für die Pflegewissenschaft.

This article concerns the discourse on intercultural nursing which can stimulate the further development of nursing theories and practices. In introduction, the article outlines the core of the discourse and some formal aspects. Subsequently, the overlapping discourses concerning the situation of migrant people in the social sciences and in society are discussed and the conclusion is prompted that the discourse needs to become part of general nursing theories to avoid a "culturalization" of ist subject.

[Approach to foreigners--the contribution of ethnology to nursing]. / Vom Umgang mit dem Fremden--der Beitrag der Ethnologie zur Pflege.

The starting point of this analysis is the concept of "The stranger", as discussed in "transcultural nursing" in the USA and currently researched by cultural anthropologist. The aim is to designate common areas of interest between nursing sciences and cultural anthropology and between ethnological and nursing practice. It is pointed out that more space is needed in nursing theory and practice, for the discussion of the concept of "stranger" and that this should not be confined to the "exotic ethnic" stranger.

Paracoccidioidomycosis: a comparative study of the evolutionary serologic, clinical and radiologic results for patients treated with ketoconazole or amphotericin B plus sulfonamides.

A comparative study of two groups of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis was carried out with the objective of comparing the evolutionary serologic, clinical and radiologic results after 6, 12, 15 and 18 months of treatment with ketoconazole (22 patients) or amphotericin B plus sulfonamides (32 patients). The serologic data analyzed as a whole showed a tendency to sharper drops in antibody titers in the patients treated with ketoconazole. Clinically patients treated with ketoconazole fared better but the differences were not statistically significant. No statistical difference was detected between groups in terms of the results of radiologic evolution.

Primary cutaneous amyloidosis: clinical, laboratorial and histopathological study of 25 cases. Identification of gammaglobulins and C3 in the lesions by immunofluorescence.

25 cases of primary cutaneous amyloidosis are studied. 16 patients had macular amyloidosis (MPA) and 9 lichen amyloidosus (LPA). gamma-Globulins were increased in 50% of the patients. IgG and IgA were increased in the serum of 5 and 3 patients with MPA and 4 and 2 patients with LPA, respectively. Volume of amyloid deposits was similar in both forms. By direct immunofluorescence we demonstrated IgG in the amyloid deposits of 21 of the 25 cases and C3 in 13; IgM was present in 9 cases of MPA and in 3 cases of LPA. MPA was more frequent than LPA; histologically, it was impossible to distinguish MPA from LPA; correlation between serum levels of gamma-globulins and their presence in amyloid deposits was weak; MPA and LPA seem to be distinct clinical manifestations of the same disease and itching does not cause transformation of MPA in LPA.

[The radiological diagnosis of Crohn's disease with special reference to involvement of the stomach (double-contrast method (author's transl)]. / Röntgendiagnostische Hinweise auf Morbus Crohn unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Magenveränderungen (Doppelkontrastmethode)

The manifestations of Crohn's disease in the stomach can be demonstrated by a doublecontrast technique. Recognition of detailed mucosal changes, together with certain other typical findings, makes a diagnosis possible, as has been demonstrated by one case.