ABSTRACT
After the publication of the article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that, in the western blots shown in Fig. 5C and D, a pair of data panels were inadvertently duplicated comparing between panels (C) and (D); in addition, the cell migration data shown in Fig. 7F on p. 1852 were selected incorrectly. The authors have examined their original data, and realize that these errors arose inadvertently as a consequence of their mishandling of their data. The revised versions of Figs. 5 and 7, featuring the corrected data for the caspase-8 experiment in Fig. 5C and alternative data for the cell migration assay experiments in Fig. 7F, are shown on the next two pages. The revised data shown for these Figures do not affect the overall conclusions reported in the paper. All the authors agree to the publication of this corrigendum, and are grateful to the Editor of Oncology Reports for allowing them the opportunity to publish this. Furthermore, the authors apologize to the readership for any inconvenience caused. [Oncology Reports 40: 1843-1854, 2018; DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6593].
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Tic disorders (TD) is a neuropsychiatric disease with twitch as the main manifestation in childhood. Jiu-Wei-Xi-Feng granules has been marketed in China for treating children with TD. As Long Gu (Os Draconis) in the composition of this Chinese patent medicine is a rare and expensive medicinal material protected by the Chinese government, therefore, we consider replacing it with Mu Li (Concha Ostreae) that has the same effect and is cheaper. This study is designed to evaluate the clinical equivalence between Jiu-Wei-Xi-Feng granules (Os Draconis replaced by Concha Ostreae) (JWXFD) and Jiu-Wei-Xi-Feng granules (original formula) (JWXFO) in children with TD (consumption of renal yin and liver wind stirring up internally syndrome). METHODS/DESIGN: This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, equivalence trial comparing the efficacy and safety of JWXFD and JWXFO in treating Children with tic disorders (consumption of renal yin and liver wind stirring up internally syndrome). A total of 288 patients will be recruited and randomly assigned to two groups in a 1:1 ratio. The treatment course is 6 weeks, with a 2 weeks follow-up. The primary outcome is the mean change value from baseline to 6th week by the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale total tic score (YGTSS-TTS). Secondary outcomes include total effective rate of tic, Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) scores and its factor scores (the degree of motor tics, phonic tics and social function damage), Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale, and TCM syndrome efficacy. DISCUSSION: The design of this study refers to a large number of similar research design points, and asked for opinions of peer experts, and finally reached a consensus. This trial will provide high-quality evidence on the clinical equivalence between JWXFD and JWXFO and provide a basis for the marketing of JWXFD. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ChiCTR2000032312 Registered on 25 April 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=52630.
Subject(s)
Tic Disorders , Tics , Child , Humans , Tics/therapy , Treatment Outcome , Tic Disorders/diagnosis , Tic Disorders/drug therapy , Double-Blind Method , Syndrome , Nonprescription Drugs , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Multicenter Studies as TopicABSTRACT
Cohort study has been greatly considered and widely used in clinical research of traditional Chinese medicine in China, but it is seldom applied in the field of acupuncture and moxibustion. This paper introduces the development background, basic concepts, advantages and limitations of cohort study, analyzes the existing problems in the evaluation of acupuncture and moxibustion curative effect and development status of cohort study in the cycle of acupuncture and moxibustion, explores the feasibility and value of such method in clinical research of acupuncture and moxibustion and proposes the methodological suggestions on rigorous design, control of selective bias, control of cohort migration and reduction of loss to follow-up, aiming at broadening the new ideas andmethods for clinical research of acupuncture and moxibustion.
Subject(s)
Acupuncture Therapy , Acupuncture , Moxibustion , China , Cohort Studies , Humans , Medicine, Chinese TraditionalABSTRACT
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancerassociated mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, serve crucial roles not only in tumorigenesis, but also in tumor invasion and metastasis. Although miRNAlet7a (let7a) has been reported to suppress cell growth in multiple cancer types, the biological mechanisms of let7a in lung adenocarcinoma are yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, the molecular roles of let7a in lung adenocarcinoma were investigated by detecting its expression in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and exploring its roles in the regulation of lung cancer cell proliferation. Let7a expression was identified to be downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared with normal tissues. Overexpression of let7a effectively suppressed cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in H1299 and A549 cells. Let7a also induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, let7a significantly inhibited cell growth by directly regulating cyclin D1 signals. This novel regulatory mechanism of let7a in lung adenocarcinoma provides possible avenues for future targeted therapies of lung cancer.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Cell Proliferation , Cyclin D1/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , MicroRNAs/genetics , Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Adenocarcinoma/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Apoptosis , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Case-Control Studies , Cell Cycle Checkpoints , Cell Movement , Cyclin D1/genetics , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Prognosis , Signal Transduction , Survival Rate , Tumor Cells, CulturedABSTRACT
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have recently become a popular focus of cancer research due to their ability to act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. In the present study, miR33a5p expression was identified to be downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma samples compared with normal, which suggested that miR33a5p may serve as a tumor suppressor gene. Transfection with miR33a5p mimics inhibited the proliferation and migration of A549 and LTEPa2 cells and increased cellular apoptosis. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR33a5p targets the 3'untranslated region of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) gene. mTOR expression was decreased in A549 and LTEPa2 cells treated with miR33a5p mimics, as well as the expression of its downstream effectors phosphorylated (p)p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) and peukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1). Following treatment with celastrol, miR33a5p expression was upregulated, and miR33a5p could enhance cellular sensitivity to celastrol. Western blot analysis revealed that the expression of mTOR, pp70S6K and p4EBP1 decreased following celastrol treatment. These results suggested that mTOR was involved in the mechanism by which miR33a5p enhanced the sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma cells to celastrol. Furthermore, LTEPa2 cells were xenografted subcutaneously into nude mice, to examine the effect of celastrol and miR33a5p on the growth of LTEPa2 cells in vivo. The results demonstrated that tumor growth in the celastroltreated or miR33a5ptreated group was attenuated compared with the control group. Notably, tumor growth in the combination treatment group was almost arrested after 2 weeks. In addition, celastrol upregulated the expression of miR33a5p, and high expression of miR33a5p inhibited mTOR and its downstream effectors. In summary, miR33a5p inhibited the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells, enhanced the antitumor effect of celastrol, and improved sensitivity to celastrol by targeting mTOR in lung adenocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , MicroRNAs/genetics , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism , Triterpenes/pharmacology , Adenocarcinoma/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma of Lung , Adult , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Apoptosis/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Male , Mice , Mice, Nude , Middle Aged , Pentacyclic Triterpenes , Signal Transduction/genetics , Xenograft Model Antitumor AssaysABSTRACT
We performed this meta-analysis to analyze the cancer risk to individuals carrying the rs701848 and rs2735343 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library and the national knowledge infrastructure of China (CNKI) databases and identified 18 eligible case-control studies with 5458 cases and 6003 controls for rs701848 as well as 5490 cases and 6209 controls for rs2735343. Our analyses demonstrated that cancer risk was associated with rs701848 in the recessive model (CC vs. CT+TT, OR=1.169, 95% CI: 1.061-1.288) and with rs2735343 in the dominant model (GC+CC vs. GG, OR=0.758, 95% CI: 0.590-0.972). Subgroup analysis showed that in Asian subjects, carrying the C allele of rs701848 or GG genotype of rs2735343 was associated with increased cancer risk. Moreover, Asian subjects carrying the TC/CC genotype or C allele of rs701848 were associated with increased risk of esophageal squamous cell cancer. This meta-analysis indicates that the PTEN rs701848 (CC) and rs2735343 (GG) polymorphisms are associated with increased cancer risk in Asian subjects.