Addressing Lung Cancer Health Disparities in West Virginia: An Academic-Industry Collaboration Model.

Lung cancer screening is underused nationwide, particularly in rural areas where incidence and mortality rates are high, suggesting the need for innovative methods to reach underserved populations. Partners from national, state, and community positions can combine the service and science needed to save lives with mobile lung cancer screening.

Breast Cancer Survivorship-Mitigating Treatment Effects on Quality of Life and Improving Survival.

Cancer survivorship is complex and varies by individual, disease type, geographic area, and socioeconomic resources. As cancer treatments and survival improves, the survivorship population continues to grow. Communication between oncologists, patients, health care providers, patient advocates, and other stakeholders is critical to improved outcomes in cancer survivors. Important areas of study relate to improving the quality of life in survivors and include health promotion, psychosocial distress, and financial toxicity of cancer treatment. As survivorship begins at diagnosis, cancer programs must incorporate survivorship treatment goals into the care plan initially to positively effect the quality of life and improve health outcomes.

Translation of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Oncology Clinical Trials to Everyday Practice.

PURPOSE: Clinical trials in oncology evaluating the effects of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) collection have found that monitoring of symptoms with PROs is associated with improved clinical care through reduced acute care utilization and decreased patient symptom burden. This educational review will evaluate strategies for systematic PRO integration into everyday oncology clinical practice. METHODS: We outline key considerations for using PROs in clinical practice, highlighting evidence from published studies. We also discuss the benefits and challenges of PRO implementation in oncology. RESULTS: Implementing PRO collection in clinical practice can improve care delivery and facilitate patient-centered clinical research. Considerations for using PROs in clinical practice include choice of instrument, method of delivery, and frequency of query. Challenges with implementing systematic PRO collection include the costs and resources needed for implementation, impact on clinical workflow, and controlling/monitoring physician burnout. CONCLUSIONS: While challenges exist in terms of financial resources and staff participation/burnout, patient-reported outcomes in clinical practice provide a number of benefits, including symptom monitoring, clinical research, and potential real-time personalized clinical-decision support.

Receipt of Guideline-Concordant Care Among Older Women With Stage I-III Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Study.

Background: This study examined receipt of guideline-concordant care (GCC) according to evidence-based treatment guidelines and quality measures and specific types of treatment among older women with breast cancer. Patients and Methods: A total of 142,433 patients aged ≥66 years diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer between 2007 and 2011 were identified in the SEER-Medicare linked database. Algorithms considering cancer characteristics and the appropriate course of care as per guidelines versus actual care received determined receipt of GCC. Multivariable logistic regression estimated the likelihood of GCC and specific types of treatment for women aged ≥75 versus 66 to 74 years. Results: Overall, 39.7% of patients received GCC. Patients diagnosed at stage II or III, with certain preexisting conditions, and of nonwhite race were less likely to receive GCC. Patients with hormone-negative tumors, higher grade tumors, and greater access to oncology care resources were more likely to receive GCC. Patients aged ≥75 years were approximately 40% less likely to receive GCC or adjuvant endocrine therapy, 78% less likely to have any surgery, 61% less likely to have chemotherapy, and about half as likely to have radiation therapy than those aged 66 to 74 years. Conclusions: Fewer than half of older women with breast cancer received GCC, with the lowest rates observed among the oldest age groups, racial/ethnic minorities, and women with later-stage cancers. However, patients with more aggressive tumor characteristics and greater access to oncology resources were more likely to receive GCC. Considering that older women have the highest incidence of breast cancer and that many are diagnosed at stages requiring more aggressive treatment, efforts to increase rates of earlier stage diagnosis and the development of less toxic treatments could help improve GCC and survival while preserving quality of life.