ABSTRACT
The dense active matter exhibits characteristics reminiscent of traditional glassy phenomena, yet the role of rotational inertia in glass dynamics remains elusive. In this study, we investigate the glass dynamics of chiral active particles influenced by rotational inertia. Rotational inertia endows exponential memory to particle orientation, restricting its alteration and amplifying the effective persistence time. At lower spinning frequencies, the diffusion coefficient exhibits a peak function relative to rotational inertia for shorter persistence times, while it steadily increases with rotational inertia for longer persistence times. In the realm of high-frequency spinning, the impact of rotational inertia on diffusion behavior becomes more pronounced, resulting in a nonmonotonic and intricate relationship between the diffusion coefficient and rotational inertia. Consequently, the introduction of rotational inertia significantly alters the glassy dynamics of chiral active particles, allowing for the control over transitions between fluid and glassy states by modulating rotational inertia. Moreover, our findings indicate that at a specific spinning temperature, there exists an optimal spinning frequency at which the diffusion coefficient attains its maximum value.
ABSTRACT
Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) shows pericardial effusion and a gap between the left atrium and the aortic sinus by atrial septal defect occluder.
Subject(s)
Cardiac Catheterization , Cardiac Tamponade , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial , Septal Occluder Device , Humans , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/surgery , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/diagnostic imaging , Cardiac Tamponade/etiology , Cardiac Tamponade/diagnostic imaging , Echocardiography, Transesophageal/methods , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Female , Postoperative Complications/diagnostic imaging , Male , Pericardial Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Pericardial Effusion/etiologyABSTRACT
This case demonstrated intraoperative real-time transesophageal echocardiographic monitoring in minimally invasive small-incision Off-pump ligation of a coronary artery fistula,demonstrating the importance of esophageal echocardiography in surgical monitoring.
Subject(s)
Arterio-Arterial Fistula , Coronary Artery Disease , Humans , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Arterio-Arterial Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Arterio-Arterial Fistula/surgery , Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Artery Disease/surgeryABSTRACT
Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the most critical factors for plant growth and productivity, including its inhibition of lateral root initiation. Auxin response factors (ARFs) play crucial roles in root development via auxin signaling mediated by genetic pathways. In this study, we found that the transcription factor ZmARF1 was associated with low inorganic phosphate (Pi) stress-related traits in maize. This superior root morphology and greater phosphate stress tolerance could be ascribed to the overexpression of ZmARF1. The knock out mutant zmarf1 had shorter primary roots, fewer root tip number, and lower root volume and surface area. Transcriptomic data indicate that ZmLBD1, a direct downstream target gene, is involved in lateral root development, which enhances phosphate starvation tolerance. A transcriptional activation assay revealed that ZmARF1 specifically binds to the GC-box motif in the promoter of ZmLBD1 and activates its expression. Moreover, ZmARF1 positively regulates the expression of ZmPHR1, ZmPHT1;2, and ZmPHO2, which are key transporters of Pi in maize. We propose that ZmARF1 promotes the transcription of ZmLBD1 to modulate lateral root development and Pi-starvation induced (PSI) genes to regulate phosphate mobilization and homeostasis under phosphorus starvation. In addition, ZmERF2 specifically binds to the ABRE motif of the promoter of ZmARF1 and represses its expression. Collectively, the findings of this study revealed that ZmARF1 is a pivotal factor that modulates root development and confers low-Pi stress tolerance through the transcriptional regulation of the biological function of ZmLBD1 and the expression of key Pi transport proteins.
Subject(s)
Phosphates , Zea mays , Phosphates/metabolism , Phosphorus/metabolism , Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism , Transcription Factors/genetics , Transcription Factors/metabolism , Plant Roots , Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Plant Proteins/genetics , Plant Proteins/metabolismABSTRACT
This article reports a case of LV outflow obstruction caused by abnormalities of the anterior leaflet connection of the mitral papillary muscle, aiming to highlight the importance of combined multimodal imaging in the differential diagnosis of the etiology of LV outflow obstruction.
Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction, Left , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction , Humans , Papillary Muscles/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction/etiology , Mitral Valve/diagnostic imaging , Multimodal Imaging/adverse effects , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/complicationsSubject(s)
Biochemical Phenomena , Neoplasms , Humans , Cell Plasticity , Neoplasms/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation , Epigenesis, GeneticABSTRACT
One of the central issues in pattern formation is understanding the response of pattern-forming systems to an external stimulus. While significant progress has been made in systems with only one instability, much less is known about the response of complex patterns arising from the interaction of two or more instabilities. In this paper, we consider the effects of square spatial periodic forcing on oscillatory hexagon patterns in a two-layer coupled reaction diffusion system which undergoes both Turing and Hopf instabilities. Two different types of additive forcings, namely direct and indirect forcing, have been applied. It is shown that the coupled system exhibits different responses towards the spatial forcing under different forcing types. In the indirect case, the oscillatory hexagon pattern transitions into other oscillatory Turing patterns or resonant Turing patterns, depending on the forcing wavenumber and strength. In the direct forcing case, only non-resonant Turing patterns can be obtained. Our results may provide new insight into the modification and control of spatio-temporal patterns in multilayered systems, especially in biological and ecological systems.
Subject(s)
Pulmonary Valve Stenosis , Pulmonary Valve , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction , Humans , Pulmonary Valve Stenosis/diagnosis , Pulmonary Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction/diagnosis , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction/diagnostic imagingSubject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation , Rhabdomyosarcoma , Humans , Heart , Rhabdomyosarcoma/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
There is now growing evidence of collective turbulentlike motion of cells in dense tissues. However, how to control and harness this collective motion is an open question. We investigate the transport of deformable active cells in a periodically asymmetric channel by using a phase-field model. We demonstrate that collective turbulent-like motion of cells can power and steer the macroscopic directional motion through the ratchet channel. The active intercellular forces proportional to the deformation of cells can break thermodynamical equilibrium and induce the directional motion. This directional motion is caused by the ratchet effect rather than the spontaneous symmetry breaking. The motion direction is determined by the asymmetry of the channel. Remarkably, there exits an optimal nonequilibrium driving (depending on the active strength, the elasticity, and the packing fraction) at which the average velocity reaches the maximum. In addition, the optimized packing fraction and the optimized minimum width of the channel can facilitate the directional motion of cells. Our findings are relevant to understanding how macroscopic directional motion relates to the local force transmission mediated by cell-cell contacts in cellular monolayers.
Subject(s)
Motion , ElasticityABSTRACT
We describe a rare case of unruptured right SOVA in a 52-year-old man who was successfully treated with right SOVA repair and right coronary artery reconstruction. Our case demonstrates the usefulness of transthoracic echocardiography, contrastive echocardiography, and transesophageal echocardiography in diagnosing SOVA.
Subject(s)
Aortic Aneurysm , Sinus of Valsalva , Male , Humans , Middle Aged , Sinus of Valsalva/diagnostic imaging , Sinus of Valsalva/surgery , Echocardiography/methods , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Aortic Aneurysm/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Aneurysm/surgery , Multimodal ImagingABSTRACT
This article described a rare case of atypical aortic dissection in a 7-year-old boy with Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and emergency procedure was performed successfully. The imaging appearance of echocardiography and CT in atypical dissection was described.