The Regulation of Selenoproteins in Diabetes: A New Way to Treat Diabetes.

Selenium is an essential micronutrient required for the synthesis and function of selenoproteins, most of which are enzymes involved in maintaining oxidative balance in the body. Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood glucose levels over a prolonged period of time. There are three main types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. This review summarizes recent advances in the field of diabetes research with an emphasis on the roles of selenoproteins on metabolic disturbance in diabetes. We also discuss the interaction between selenoproteins and glucose and lipid metabolism to provide new insights into the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Age-Dependent Developmental Changes of Selenium Content and Selenoprotein Expression and Content in Longissimus Dorsi Muscle and Liver of Duroc Pigs.

The trace element selenium (Se) plays a key role in development and various physiological processes, mainly through its transformation into selenoproteins. To investigate the developmental patterns of Se content and expression of selenoproteins, the liver and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of Duroc pigs were collected at 1, 21, 80, and 185 days of age (7 pigs each age) for the determination of Se content, mRNA expression of selenoproteins, and concentrations of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR or TXNRD), and selenoprotein P (SELP). The results showed that age significantly affected the expression of GPX1, GPX2, GPX3, TXNRD1, TXNRD2, TXNRD3, iodothyronine deiodinases 2 (DIO2), DIO3, SELF, SELH, SELM, SELP, SELS, SELW, and selenophosphate synthetase2 (SPS2) in the liver, as well as GPX3, GPX4, TXNRD1, TXNRD2, DIO2, DIO3, SELF, SELN, SELP, SELR, SELS, and SELW in the LD muscle of Duroc pigs. The concentrations of GPX, TrxR, and SELP showed an increasing trend with age, and they were positively correlated with Se content at 1, 21, and 185 days of age and negatively correlated at 80 days of age, both in the liver and LD muscle. The Se content decreased at the age of 80 days, especially in the LD muscle. In summary, our study revealed developmental changes in Se content and expression of selenoproteins in the liver and LD muscle of Duroc pigs at different growth stages, which provided a theoretical basis for further study of Se nutrition and functions of selenoproteins.

Chemical components characterization and in vivo metabolites profiling of Lingbao Huxin Dan by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Lingbao Huxin Dan (LBHX) is an effective prescription for treating various cardiovascular diseases. However, its systematic chemical composition analysis and important marker components remain unclear, which hinders the development of standards or guidelines for quality evaluation. Herein, a high-resolution and efficient method was established to comprehensively investigate the chemical ingredients and metabolites of LBHX by using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. AutoDock Vina was applied to conduct visual screening for identifying potential active compounds targeting two important sick sinus syndrome-associated proteins. As a result, 53 volatile compounds, as well as 191 non-volatile chemical components, including bufadienolides, diterpenoids, bile acids, phenolic acids, and triterpenoid saponins, were unambiguously characterized or tentatively identified. Fifty prototypes and 62 metabolites were identified in the plasma of rats, whilst metabolism reactions included phase I reactions (hydrolysis, oxidation, and hydroxylation) and phase II reactions (glucuronidation and methylation). Eleven compounds with good binding affinity have been observed by docking with key proteins. It is the first systematic study on the pharmacodynamic material basis of LBHX and the result consolidates the foundation for further study regarding the mechanism in treating cardiovascular diseases.

Size-Based Norfentanyl Detection with SWCNT@UiO-MOF Composites.

Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)@metal-organic framework (MOF) field-effect transistor (FET) sensors generate a signal through analytes restricting ion diffusion around the SWCNT surface. Four composites made up of SWCNTs and UiO-66, UiO-66-NH2, UiO-67, and UiO-67-CH3 were synthesized to explore the detection of norfentanyl (NF) using SWCNT@MOF FET sensors with different pore sizes. Liquid-gated FET devices of SWCNT@UiO-67 showed the highest sensing response toward NF, whereas SWCNT@UiO-66 and SWCNT@UiO-66-NH2 devices showed no sensitivity improvement compared to bare SWCNT. Comparing SWCNT@UiO-67 and SWCNT@UiO-67-CH3 indicated that the sensing response is modulated by not only the size-matching between NF and MOF channel but also NF diffusion within the MOF channel. Additionally, other drug metabolites, including norhydrocodone (NH), benzoylecgonine (BZ), and normorphine (NM) were tested with the SWCNT@UiO-67 sensor. The sensor was not responding toward NH and or BZ but a similar sensing result toward NM because NM has a similar size to NF. The SWCNT@MOF FET sensor can avoid interference from bigger molecules but sensor arrays with different pore sizes and chemistries are needed to improve the specificity.

SLCO1B1 variants and the risk of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: To evaluate the association between SLCO1B1 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ATDH). Methods: We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Wan Fang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database from inception to 2022. Results: Nine case-control studies with 1129 cases and 2203 controls were included. Among four SNPs reported in two or more studies, the final results indicated that SNP rs4149014 was significantly associated with decreased ATDH risk (dominant model, odds ratio: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.55-0.97; p = 0.03; allele model, odds ratio: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.55-0.86; p = 0.001), and the trial sequential analysis also confirmed this significant association. Conclusion: SLCO1B1 gene SNP rs4149014 was significantly associated with lower risk of ATDH susceptibility.

Colonic phosphocholine is correlated with Candida tropicalis and promotes diarrhea and pathogen clearance.

Diarrhea is characterized by alterations in the gut microbiota, metabolites, and host response to these changes. Studies have focused on the role of commensal bacteria in diarrhea; however, the effect of fungi on its pathogenesis remains unexplored. Here, using post-weaned piglets with or without diarrhea, we found an unexpected decrease in the abundance of Candida tropicalis in diarrheal piglets. We also observed increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the colonic tissues of diarrheal piglets. Using dectin-1-knockout mice, we found that the over-accumulation of ROS killed C. tropicalis by promoting NET formation, which was dependent on dectin-1. The decreased abundance of C. tropicalis resulted in reduced phosphocholine consumption. Then, colonic phosphocholine accumulation drives water efflux by increasing cAMP levels by activating adenylyl cyclase, which promotes the clearance of pathogenic bacteria. Collectively, we demonstrated that phosphocholine is correlated with colonic C. tropicalis and promotes diarrhea and pathogen clearance. Our results suggest that mycobiota colonizing the colon might be involved in maintaining intestinal metabolic homeostasis through the consumption of certain metabolites.

Gut microbiota bridges dietary nutrients and host immunity.

Dietary nutrients and the gut microbiota are increasingly recognized to cross-regulate and entrain each other, and thus affect host health and immune-mediated diseases. Here, we systematically review the current understanding linking dietary nutrients to gut microbiota-host immune interactions, emphasizing how this axis might influence host immunity in health and diseases. Of relevance, we highlight that the implications of gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention could be harnessed in orchestrating a spectrum of immune-associated diseases.

Combined supplementation with Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium thermacidophilum isolated from Tibetan pigs improves growth performance, immunity, and microbiota composition in weaned piglets.

Probiotics, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, promote growth in piglets by modulating gut microbiota composition and improving the host immune system. A strain of Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium thermacidophilum were previously isolated from fresh feces of Tibetan pigs. The effects of these isolated strains on growth performance, intestinal morphology, immunity, microbiota composition, and their metabolites were evaluated in weaned piglets. Thirty crossbred piglets were selected and fed either a basal diet (CON), a basal diet supplemented with aureomycin (ANT), or a basal diet supplemented with Lactobacillus sp. and B. thermacidophilum (LB) for 28 d. The piglets in the ANT and LB groups had significantly higher body weight gain than those in the CON group (P < 0.05). Piglets in the ANT and LB groups had regularly arranged villi and microvilli in the small intestine. Furthermore, they had improved immune function, as indicated by decreased serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.05), improved components of immune cells in the blood, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleen. Additionally, metagenomic sequencing indicated a significant shift in cecal bacterial composition and alterations in microbiota functional profiles following Lactobacillus sp. and B. thermacidophilum supplementation. Metabolomic results revealed that the metabolites were also altered, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that several significantly altered metabolites were enriched in glycerophospholipid and cholesterol metabolism (P < 0.05). Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that several bacterial members were closely related to the alterations in metabolites, including Bacteroides sp., which were negatively correlated with triglyceride (16:0/18:0/20:4[5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z]), the metabolite that owned the highest variable importance of projection scores. Collectively, our findings suggest that combined supplementation with Lactobacillus sp. and B. thermacidophilum significantly improved the growth performance, immunity, and microbiota composition in weaned piglets, making them prospective alternatives to antibiotics in swine production.

Probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium have growth- and immunity-promoting effects in piglets. Thirty weaned piglets were selected and fed either a basal diet, a basal diet supplemented with aureomycin, or a basal diet supplemented with Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium thermacidophilum isolated from Tibetan pigs for 28 d. The results showed that combined supplementation with B. thermacidophilum and Lactobacillus sp. significantly improved growth performance, intestinal morphology, and immunity in weaned piglets, which is similar to piglets treated with antibiotics. They also improved cecal bacterial composition as indicated by the metagenomic sequencing results. Metabolomic results revealed that the altered metabolites were primarily enriched in glycerophospholipid and cholesterol metabolism. Correlation analysis showed that many bacterial members were closely related to the alterations of metabolites, suggesting B. thermacidophilum and Lactobacillus sp. exert effects via bacterial metabolism. Thus, Lactobacillus sp. and B. thermacidophilum could potentially be used as a prospective alternative of antibiotic growth promoters in piglets.

Genetic variants of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant reaction element pathway on the risk of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury: a systematic review.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of genetic variants in the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant reaction element signaling pathway on antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (AT-DILI) susceptibility. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang databases were searched from inception to April 2022. Results: Seven case-control studies with 4676 patients were included. Six genes with 35 SNPs in the pathway have been reported. Among 17 SNPs reported in two or more studies, the meta-analysis indicated that only one SNP (rs3735656 in MAFK) was significantly associated with a decreased risk for AT-DILI under the dominant model (odds ratio: 0.636; 95% CI: 0.519-0.780; p < 0.001). Conclusion: SNP rs3735656 in the MAFK gene was significantly associated with the risk of AT-DILI.

Implementation of a Core-Shell Design Approach for Constructing MOFs for CO2 Capture.

Adsorption-based capture of CO2 from flue gas and from air requires materials that have a high affinity for CO2 and can resist water molecules that competitively bind to adsorption sites. Here, we present a core-shell metal-organic framework (MOF) design strategy where the core MOF is designed to selectively adsorb CO2, and the shell MOF is designed to block H2O diffusion into the core. To implement and test this strategy, we used the zirconium (Zr)-based UiO MOF platform because of its relative structural rigidity and chemical stability. Previously reported computational screening results were used to select optimal core and shell MOF compositions from a basis set of possible building blocks, and the target core-shell MOFs were prepared. Their compositions and structures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. Multigas (CO2, N2, and H2O) sorption data were collected both for the core-shell MOFs and for the core and shell MOFs individually. These data were compared to determine whether the core-shell MOF architecture improved the CO2 capture performance under humid conditions. The combination of experimental and computational results demonstrated that adding a shell layer with high CO2/H2O diffusion selectivity can significantly reduce the effect of water on CO2 uptake.

Interaction between microorganisms and dental material surfaces: general concepts and research progress.

Bacterial adhesion to dental materials' surfaces is the initial cause of dental materials-related infections. Therefore, inhibiting bacterial adhesion is a critical step in preventing and controlling these infections. To this end, it is important to know how the properties of dental materials affect the interactions between microorganisms and material surfaces to produce materials without biological contamination. This manuscript reviews the mechanism of bacterial adhesion to dental materials, the relationships between their surface properties and bacterial adhesion, and the impact of bacterial adhesion on their surface properties. In addition, this paper summarizes how these surface properties impact oral biofilm formation and proposes designing intelligent dental material surfaces that can reduce biological contamination.

Mutations in VWA8 cause autosomal-dominant retinitis pigmentosa via aberrant mitophagy activation.

BACKGROUND: Although retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common type of hereditary retinal dystrophy, approximately 25%-45% of cases remain without a molecular diagnosis. von Willebrand factor A domain containing 8 (VWA8) encodes a mitochondrial matrix-targeted protein; its molecular function and pathogenic mechanism in RP remain unexplained. METHODS: Family members of patients with RP underwent ophthalmic examinations, and peripheral blood samples were collected for exome sequencing, ophthalmic targeted sequencing panel and Sanger sequencing. The importance of VWA8 in retinal development was demonstrated by a zebrafish knockdown model and cellular and molecular analysis. RESULTS: This study recruited a Chinese family of 24 individuals with autosomal-dominant RP and conducted detailed ophthalmic examinations. Exome sequencing analysis of six patients revealed heterozygous variants in VWA8, namely, the missense variant c.3070G>A (p.Gly1024Arg) and nonsense c.4558C>T (p.Arg1520Ter). Furthermore, VWA8 expression was significantly decreased both at the mRNA and protein levels. The phenotypes of zebrafish with VWA8 knockdown are similar to those of clinical individuals harbouring VWA8 variants. Moreover, VWA8 defects led to severe mitochondrial damage, resulting in excessive mitophagy and the activation of apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: VWA8 plays a significant role in retinal development and visual function. This finding may provide new insights into RP pathogenesis and potential genes for molecular diagnosis and targeted therapy.

Detection of Novel Pathogenic Variants in Two Families with Recurrent Fetal Congenital Heart Defects.

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect with strong genetic heterogeneity. To date, about 400 genes have been linked to CHD, including cell signaling molecules, transcription factors, and structural proteins that are important for heart development. Genetic analysis of CHD cases is crucial for clinical management and etiological analysis. Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the genetic variants in two independent CHD cases with DNA samples from fetuses and their parents, followed by the exclusion of aneuploidy and large copy number variations (CNVs). The WES results were verified by Sanger sequencing. Results: In family A, a compound heterozygous variation in PLD1 gene consisting of c.1132dupA (p.I378fs) and c.1171C>T (p.R391C) was identified in the fetus. The two variants were inherited from the father (c.1132dupA) and the mother (c.1171C>T), respectively. In family B, a hemizygous variant ZIC3: c.861delG (p.G289Afs*119) was identified in the fetus, which was inherited from the heterozygous mother. We further confirmed that these variants PLD1: c.1132dupA and ZIC3: c.861delG were novel. Conclusion: The findings in our study identified novel variants to the mutation spectrum of CHD and provided reliable evidence for the recurrent risk and reproductive care options to the affected families. Our study also demonstrates that WES has considerable prospects of clinical application in prenatal diagnosis.

Treating mechanical washing wastewater with iron-in-oil characteristics by changing the fate of iron.

The mechanical washing wastewater contained a large amount of oil, and the iron wrapped in the oil was slowly released into water. This caused the effluent quality to fluctuate, causing common polymeric aluminum chloride (PAC) to ineffectively remove the water-in-oil. The method uses Ca2+ to demulsify and ClOx- to destroy the water-in-oil structure, which releases Fe from the oil droplets. The active oxygen produced by NaClOx further converts Fe2+ into Fe3+ and then combines with NaOH to form Fe(OH)3-flocs core, which improves the flocculation efficiency of PAC. The optimal ratio was approximately 400 µL of NaClOx, 200 µL of 1 mol L-1 CaO, and 12 mL of 12.8 g L-1 PAC. The oil removal rate reached 99.88% and the residue density was 178.42 mg L-1. The maximum Fe and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates were close to 49.2 and 99.89%, respectively. In field applications, wastewater should be acidified first, and acidification oxidation is more effective than direct oxidation. In short, a novel way for treating mechanically washed wastewater with iron-in-oil characteristics by changing the environmental fate of iron is provided.

Ischemic stroke subtyping method combining convolutional neural network and radiomics.

BACKGROUND: Cardiogenic embolism (CE) and large-artery atherosclerosis embolism (LAA) are the two most common ischemic stroke (IS) subtypes. OBJECTIVE: In order to assist doctors in the precise diagnosis and treatment of patients, this study proposed an IS subtyping method combining convolutional neural networks (CNN) and radiomics. METHODS: Firstly, brain embolism regions were segmented from the computed tomography angiography (CTA) images, and radiomics features were extracted; Secondly, the extracted radiomics features were optimized with the L2 norm, and the feature selection was performed by combining random forest; then, the CNN Cap-UNet was built to extract the deep learning features of the last layer of the network; Finally, combining the selected radiomics features and deep learning features, 9 small-sample classifiers were trained respectively to build and select the optimal IS subtyping classification model. RESULTS: The experimental data include CTA images of 82 IS patients diagnosed and treated in Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital. The AUC value and accuracy of the optimal subtyping model based on the Adaboost classifier are 0.9018 and 0.8929, respectively. CONCLUSION: The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively predict the subtype of IS and has potential to assist doctors in making timely and accurate diagnoses of IS patients.

Oriented bio-feeding control of the anaerobic biodegradation of ethinyl estradiol.

Up to 95% of hormones are excreted into domestic wastewater with urine or feces, but their macromolecules are difficult to biodegrade. This project studies the treatment of Ethinyl Estradiol (EE2) in swine wastewater in an Upstream Solids Reactor (USR), and explores a new method for oriented bio-feeding to regulate the anaerobic biodegradation process. It was found that the metabolism of lactic acid and propionic acid was accompanied by changes in EE2 content, but lactic acid molecules were not readily bioavailable, so adding propionic acid was more suitable. However, controlling the pH to lower (4.73) and higher (8.73) values inhibited further fermentation of acetic acid and propionic acid, which was not favorable for the removal of EE2. This is simply due to the fact that propionic acid as a carbon source changes the preference of the microbes for consuming EE2. The order of the effect of addition of propionic acid on the removal of EE2 was as follows: P400>P800>P0>P200 (addition of propionic acid). The P400 removal efficiency increased from 60% to 85%. In the metabolism of EE2, after oxidation, hydrolysis, ketosis, hydroxylation and enzymatic action, dienoic acid and oleic acid were generated, and there was no secondary pollution from EE2 metabolites. In conclusion, feeding microorganisms with propionic acid can enhance the anaerobic biodegradation of EE2, providing a new strategy for the anaerobic biodegradation and bioremediation of refractory pollutants.

Combination of Tetragonal Crystals With LiTaO3 Thin Plate for Transverse Resonance Suppression of Surface Acoustic Wave Devices.

This article discusses combination of tetragonal crystals with LiTaO3 (LT) thin plate for complete transverse resonance suppression of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices without k2 deterioration by manipulating the slowness shape. Besides, better lateral energy confinement is achieved as well by the use of a double bus-bar structure. First, the mechanism of slowness shape manipulation by combining tetragonal crystals is studied. By comparison, YZ-lithium tetraborate (LBO) shows better performance than 69°Y90°X quartz. Then, numerical simulations are carried out using a periodic 3-D finite method assisted by a hierarchical cascading technique (HCT), and the effectiveness of transverse mode suppression by flattening the slowness shape is revealed. Also, the possibility to realize temperature compensation (TC) is discussed owing to the unique material property of LBO. Moreover, the capability of other tetragonal crystals for slowness manipulation is compared, and LBO is the best choice among these tetragonal crystals.

Intra-amniotic mesenchymal stem cell therapy improves the amniotic fluid microenvironment in rat spina bifida aperta fetuses.

OBJECTIVES: Spina bifida aperta (SBA) is one of the most common neural tube defects. Neural injury in SBA occurs in two stages involving failed neural tube closure and progressive degeneration through contact with the amniotic fluid. We previously suggested that intra-amniotic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) therapy for fetal rat SBA could achieve beneficial functional recovery through lesion-specific differentiation. The aim of this study is to examine whether the amniotic fluid microenvironment can be improved by intra-amniotic BMSC transplantation. METHODS: The intra-amniotic BMSC injection was performed using in vivo rat fetal SBA models. The various cytokine expressions in rat amniotic fluid were screened by protein microassays. Intervention experiments were used to study the function of differentially expressed cytokines. RESULTS: A total of 32 cytokines showed significant upregulated expression in the BMSC-injected amniotic fluid. We focused on Activin A, NGF, BDNF, CNTF, and CXCR4. Intervention experiments showed that the upregulated Activin A, NGF, BDNF, and CNTF could inhibit apoptosis and promote synaptic development in fetal spinal cords. Inhibiting the activity of these factors weakened the anti-apoptotic and pro-differentiation effects of transplanted BMSCs. Inhibition of CXCR4 activity reduced the engraftment rate of BMSCs in SBA fetuses. CONCLUSION: BMSC transplantation can improve the amniotic fluid environment, and this is beneficial for SBA repair.

Serine Administration Improves Selenium Status, Oxidative Stress, and Mitochondrial Function in Longissimus Dorsi Muscle of Piglets with Intrauterine Growth Retardation.

Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) causes oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle. Serine and selenoproteins are involved in anti-oxidative processes; however, whether IUGR affects selenium status and whether serine has beneficial effects remain elusive. Here, we investigated the effects of serine administration on selenium nutritional status and oxidative stress in the longissimus dorsi muscle of piglets with IUGR. Six newborn Min piglets having normal birth weight were administered saline, and 12 IUGR piglets were either administered saline or 0.8% serine. The results showed a lower selenium content in skeletal muscle in IUGR piglets, which was restored after serine administration. IUGR piglets showed a disturbed expression of genes encoding selenoproteins, with decreased expression of GPX2, GPX4, TXNRD1, and TXNRD3 and increased expression of DIO1, DIO2, SELF, SELM, SELP, and SELW. Notably, serine administration restored the expression levels of these genes. In accordance with the changes in gene expression, the activity of GPX, TXNRD, and DIO and the content of GSH and SELP were also altered, whereas serine administration restored their contents and activities. Moreover, we observed severe oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle of IUGR piglets, as indicated by decreased GSH content and increased MDA and PC content, whereas serine administration alleviated these changes. In conclusion, our results indicate that IUGR piglets showed a disturbed expression of genes encoding selenoproteins, accompanied by severe oxidative stress. Serine administration can improve selenium status, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function in the longissimus dorsi muscle of piglets with IUGR. These results suggest that serine could potentially be used in the treatment of IUGR in piglets.

Survey of the relationship between polymorphisms within the BMPR1B gene and sheep reproductive traits.

The BMPRIB gene is one of the main genes that can be used as a molecular genetic marker for the early selection of highly productive ewes. It is well-documented that the p.Q249R (g.746A > G) is the first mutation in the kinase domain of the BMPR1B gene that is highly related to increased ovulation rate and litter size. It is likely that the presence of the p.Q249R mutation in the sheep population is one of the factors contributing to the outstanding productivity of the sheep. Moreover, in recent years, researchers have been explored other polymorphisms in the BMPR1B gene with respect to reproductive traits in sheep. Therefore, we carried out the current study to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in this gene and sheep litter size from all appropriate studies. As a result, among 41 polymorphisms in the ovine BMPRIB gene, eight variants, including p.Q249R (g.746A > G), g.29362047T > C, g.29427689G > A, BMPR1B-2 (ss:1960972599), g.29382337G > A, g.29382340G > A, rs1092293287 (10 bp insertion/deletion) and g.29380965A > G were found to be associated with litter size in sheep. This systematic analysis presents the most current data evidence for BMPRIB polymorphisms, highlighting the need for further large-scale studies to determine more important variants.