ABSTRACT
A new species of Jeremia Redtenbacher (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Cladomorphinae) is described based on both male and female specimens from the northern Brazilian Amazon Basin and named Jeremia megaplax sp. nov. The new species can be differentiated from other species of this genus by the length of the female subgenital plate, which is two times longer than the length of tergites 810. Photos and description from subadult male and not fully developed eggs are also provided. The studied material is deposited at the Invertebrate Collection of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaznia (INPA).
Subject(s)
Insecta , Neoptera , Female , Male , Animals , BrazilABSTRACT
Stick insects (Phasmatodea) are quite diverse in the Neotropical region. Among them, Xerosoma Serville belongs to Pseudophasmatidae and comprises winged, roughly brownish phasmids that resemble bark or dry branches and inhabit the Atlantic Forest in Brazil. In this study, we present a redescription and revision of the genus that include three valid species, Xerosoma canaliculatum, Xerosoma michaelis, and Xerosoma nannospinus sp. nov. Xerosoma senticosum syn. nov. was found to be a junior synonym of X. canaliculatum. We also provide an identification key and geographic records for these three species. Additionally, we present a detailed study on the morphology and natural history of X. canaliculatum with the description of its nymphal stages, egg, male genitalia, ontogeny, oviposition method, life habits, defense mechanisms, mating behavior, and other aspects regarding its biology. The study also highlights the shortcomings related to the classification of Xerosomatinae, since its tribes find themselves without proper characterization and contain heterogeneous genera. We expect to provide a basis for a proper diagnosis of Xerosomatinae and encourage future studies on this group, as there is still much to be discovered about this lineage of Neotropical stick insects.
ABSTRACT
Proscopiidae (Orthoptera: Caelifera) are grasshoppers found in Central and South America, often mistaken for true stick insects (Phasmatodea) due to their stick-like appearance. The family comprises three subfamilies: Hybusinae, Proscopiinae, and Xeniinae, with Hybusinae as the smallest subfamily, housing the genus Hybusa Erichson, which contains four species endemic to Chile. Considering that the most recent comprehensive taxonomic assessment of this genus was conducted approximately three decades ago, herein we redescribe the type species of Hybusa, H. occidentalis (Westwood), based on males and females. The study includes new images of H. occidentalis body and male genitalia, along with a comprehensive pictorial key for all Hybusa species using available type material. Additionally, a morphological comparison between Hybusa and other Proscopiidae taxa is presented.
Subject(s)
Grasshoppers , Orthoptera , Female , Male , Animals , Animal Distribution , Neoptera , Genitalia, MaleABSTRACT
Two new species of Periphloea Redtenbacher are described based on female specimens from the Brazilian Amazon Basin, namely: P. amazonica sp. nov. (from North of Manaus, ZF-2 reserve, State of Amazonas, Brazil) and P. paraensis sp. nov. (from Eldorado dos Carajs, State of Par, Brazil). The new species are compared to the other three species (all known from females) and a map of geographical records of the genus is provided, as well as an identification key to females of Periphloea.
Subject(s)
Insecta , Neoptera , Animal Distribution , Animals , Brazil , Female , GeographyABSTRACT
A new earwig species, Mecomera ze sp. nov. (Spongiphoridae: Sparattinae: Sparattini) from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest is described based on males and females from Piracicaba, So Paulo, Brazil. Mecomera ze sp. nov. has a pygidium shape similar to that of M. chacoensis (Borelli), and can be differentiated by the flattened projections of M. ze sp. nov., with emarginations between each projection, whilst in M. chacoensis the pygidium has cylindrical projections, with a single emargination between apical projections. Mecomera ze sp. nov. is also similar to M. reichardti in that both have cerci as long as the abdomen. However, M. reichardti has an inconspicuous basal projection and a more acute conspicuous projection at middle, whilst M. ze sp. nov. has a more conspicuous basal projection and less conspicuous middle projection. Comparisons are made with the male genitalia of all species.
Subject(s)
Neoptera , Rainforest , Animals , Brazil , Female , MaleABSTRACT
Tintiyakus is a genus of Chevron Crickets and currently comprises three species with distributions in Colombia and Venezuela, restricted to Amazon rainforest environments between 200400 m altitude. In this work a new species Tintiyakus lari sp. nov. for Serra da Mocidade is the first record of the genus for Brazil. A pictorial key for males of Tintiyakus species is provided.
Subject(s)
Orthoptera , Animal Distribution , Animals , Brazil , Male , RainforestABSTRACT
Tintiyakus gen. nov., is described based on specimens from the Amazon region, including three species: Tintiyakus piaroa n. comb. (transferred from Hydrolutus Issa Jaffe), Tintiyakus sexangulus sp. nov. (type-species pres. desig.) and Tintiyakus trewicki sp. nov. After Hydrolutos, this is the second anostostomatid genus described to be known from its semiaquatic behaviors, inhabiting the lowlands of the Amazon rainforest. An identification key for species based on males is provided.
Subject(s)
Gryllidae , Orthoptera , Animal Distribution , Animals , Colombia , Male , RainforestABSTRACT
The Dermaptera (earwigs) have the most complex folding system of the posterior wing among insects. We provide an illustrated guide describing how to stretch a dermapteran hind wing and mount it on slides in Hoyer's medium.
Subject(s)
Neoptera , Wings, Animal , Animals , InsectaABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Hexapods, commonly known as insects, are a neglected taxonomic group in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, with unanswered questions about their species richness and the ecological processes in which they are involved (e.g., colonization, introduction, establishment, and extinction). Herein, we provide an updated Hexapod checklist with current nomenclatural combinations. The entomofauna of the Fernando de Noronha archipelago is currently composed of 453 species in 21 orders. The orders, and their respective number of species, are: Blattaria (9), Coleoptera (118), Collembola (29), Dermaptera (3), Diplura (1), Diptera (134), Embioptera (1), Hemiptera (29), Hymenoptera (59), Isoptera (2), Lepidoptera (25), Mantodea (1), Neuroptera (3), Odonata (5), Orthoptera (11), Phasmatodea (1), Phthiraptera (6), Psocoptera (3), Siphonaptera (1), Thysanoptera (10), and Zygentoma (2). The archipelago has 263 new taxon records (family + genera + species). Thirty-eight species (3.39%) were described from local specimens and most of them are likely endemic species. This study more than doubles our knowledge (from the previous 190 records) of the entomofauna in this large Brazilian archipelago. This study also provides a baseline for studies on its conservation status and for implementing future environmental management programs.
ABSTRACT
Mecomera Audinet-Serville, 1839 (Spongiphoridae: Sparattinae) is a neotropical genus with three species: M. brunnea Audinet-Serville, M. chacoensis (Borelli) and M. reichardti Brindle. By comparing specimens of the three Mecomera species (types and ordinary material) to their respective original descriptions and drawings, it was determined that the descriptions are over-simplified and the drawings are not fully accurate. To prevent future identification problems, new diagnosis, descriptions and images of the external body and male genitalia of the three Mecomera species are provided.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera , Neoptera , Animals , MaleABSTRACT
Isagoras aurocaudata sp. nov. is being described from two female specimens from the States of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Diagnostic characters for the new species are the yellowish compound eye with brown spots, the yellowish spot at basal third of tegmina and the yellowish abdomen segments 8-11. Furthermore, Isagoras aurocaudata sp. nov. is compared to species of Isagoras Stål and Planudes Stål.
Subject(s)
Insecta , Animal Distribution , Animals , Brazil , FemaleABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Pseudophasmatidae currently includes 65 species recorded from Brazil. In this paper, we increase this number to 68 species by describing Agrostia flavimaculata sp. nov., based on male and female specimens from Acre and Amazonas states. Furthermore, Parastratocles multilineatus (Rehn) and Metriophasma (Metriophasma) diocles (Westwood) are recorded for the first time from Brazil based on specimens from Rondônia, Acre and Amazonas states. A key to species of Agrostia is also given.
ABSTRACT
Lutosa horribilis sp. nov., a new species of Anostostomatidae is described from a Brazilian Atlantic Forest environment. Notes on defensive behavior and diet are also provided.
