Subject(s)
Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology , Bone and Bones/pathology , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/diagnosis , Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Ceruloplasmin/analysis , Child , Copper/urine , Female , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/complications , Humans , Magnetic Resonance ImagingSubject(s)
Familial Mediterranean Fever/diagnosis , Macrophage Activation Syndrome/immunology , Macrophage Activation , Biopsy, Needle , Child, Preschool , Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics , Drug Therapy, Combination , Familial Mediterranean Fever/complications , Familial Mediterranean Fever/drug therapy , Familial Mediterranean Fever/genetics , Familial Mediterranean Fever/immunology , Humans , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Inflammation Mediators/blood , Liver/immunology , Liver/pathology , Macrophage Activation/drug effects , Macrophage Activation Syndrome/drug therapy , Macrophage Activation Syndrome/genetics , Male , Mutation , Pyrin , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
FibroTest-ActiTest (FT-AT) has been validated in adults with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection as a noninvasive alternative to liver biopsy (LB), but there are few data of its use in children. The objective of the present study was to evaluate FT-AT in children with HCV infection and to compare FT-AT analysis with liver histology. A total of 43 serum samples from 38 children with chronic HCV infection were analyzed retrospectively. Histological evaluation was performed according to the METAVIR scoring system. In 16 of the children, 21 serum samples were tested with FT-AT and compared to 21 LB (serum/LB pairs) in nontransplanted and liver-transplanted children. FT-AT was also measured in 22 infected children without LB and in 50 healthy controls. FT-AT values in controls were comparable to those of healthy adults, validating the adult FT-AT parameters in children. In most infected children (74%), the FT-AT score was Subject(s)
Blood Chemical Analysis
, Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology
, Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis
, Adolescent
, Biomarkers/blood
, Biopsy
, Case-Control Studies
, Child
, Child, Preschool
, Female
, Humans
, Liver/pathology
, Liver Transplantation
, Male
, Retrospective Studies
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To test bioequivalence of oral vitamin E formulations, water-soluble tocofersolan (test) and water-miscible (reference), in healthy adult volunteers, and their bioavailability in children with chronic cholestasis or cystic fibrosis. METHODS: In a two-way open randomized single dose cross-over design, 1200 IU were administered in 12 healthy volunteers and 100 IU/kg in 12 children with chronic cholestasis or cystic fibrosis. RESULTS: In healthy volunteers, formulations were not bioequivalent with a higher exposure to tocofersolan. In cholestatic children tocofersolan bioavailability was significantly higher than reference formulation (maximum plasma concentration: P = 0.008 and AUC: P = 0.0026). Bioavailability was not statistically different in cystic fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Oral tocofersolan was more bioavailable than the reference formulation in children with chronic cholestasis and similarly bioavailable in cystic fibrosis. Tocofersolan may represent an alternative to painful intramuscular vitamin E injections in chronic cholestasis, or to other oral formulations in cystic fibrosis.
Subject(s)
Cholestasis/metabolism , Cystic Fibrosis/metabolism , Vitamin E/pharmacokinetics , Administration, Oral , Adolescent , Adult , Biological Availability , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical , Child , Child, Preschool , Chronic Disease , Cross-Over Studies , Humans , Infant , Middle Aged , Vitamin E/administration & dosage , Vitamin E/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Bronchial asthma becomes one of the most frequent respiratory diseases of the childhood. Progresses of the last decade did not interfere with long term prognosis of the disease. New therapeutic researches try to stop the chronic inflammatory respiratory mechanism: cytokines, leukotrienes, transcription factors, IgE. Some of the new drugs are still only experimental--cytokines antagonists, transcription factors inhibitors, adhesin antibodies, other close to clinical use--new corticosteroids, leukotrienes antagonists, anti IgE antibodies. The new therapeutics methods will be used among the classical drugs and will improve the quality of the patients' life.
Subject(s)
Anti-Asthmatic Agents , Asthma/drug therapy , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Asthma/metabolism , Chemokines/antagonists & inhibitors , Chemokines/therapeutic use , Cytokines/antagonists & inhibitors , Cytokines/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Humans , Leukotrienes/metabolism , Quality of Life , Selectins/metabolismABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Pathogenic mechanism of chronic inflammation is associated with increased production of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. In the neutralization process of that anions, superoxid dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutation peroxidase (GPx) are key enzymes. Aim of study consists of establishing of some clinic-biological correlations in JRA chronic inflammation in childhood between clinical status and determination of lipoperoxidation products and antioxidative enzymes in the blood. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 20 patients admitted in 2nd Clinic of Pediatrics, 4-6 months after onset of disease, diagnosed with JRA, oligoarticular form (6 cases), poliarticular form (9 cases) and systemic form (5 cases), as compared to 10 control subjects. SOD, CAT, GPx were measured comparing with malonildialdehyde (MDA), seric glutation (GSH) and usual inflammatory tests (ESR, fibrinogen, CRP). Determinations were repeated after 6 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: In all our cases, level of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, GPx) was decreased at time of diagnosis, concomitant with increased MDA, SOD and inflammatory tests. In most of cases, after 6 weeks of correct anti-inflammatory treatment, levels of enzymatic antioxidant markers were still decreased, as compared to usual inflammatory tests that came back to normal. Persistent decreased antioxidant enzymatic activity was found in cases that need immunomodulatory activity (Methotrexat). CONCLUSIONS: Determination of antioxidant enzymes level can be considered an evolution marker in JRA. More studies are necessary to find if antioxidant potential of blood can be used as following marker for immunosuppressive therapy.
