ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The rise of digital health services, especially following the outbreak of COVID-19, has led to a need for health literacy policies that respond to people's needs. Spain is a country with a highly developed digital health infrastructure, but there are currently no tools available to measure digital health literacy fully. A well-thought-through questionnaire with strong psychometric properties such as the eHealth Literacy Questionnaire (eHLQ) is important to assess people's eHealth literacy levels, especially in the context of a fast-growing field such as digital health. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to adapt the eHLQ and gather evidence of its psychometric quality in 2 of Spain's official languages: Spanish and Catalan. METHODS: A systematic cultural adaptation process was followed. Data from Spanish-speaking (n=400) and Catalan-speaking (n=400) people were collected. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirm the previously established factor structure. For reliability, the Cronbach α and categorical ω were obtained for every subscale. Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was provided through the correlation with the total score of the eHealth Literacy Scale. Evidence based on relations to other variables was evaluated by examining extreme values for educational level, socioeconomic level, and use of technology variables. RESULTS: Regarding the confirmatory factor analysis, the 7-factor correlated model and the 7 one-factor models had adequate goodness-of-fit indexes for both Spanish and Catalan. Moreover, measurement invariance was established between the Spanish and Catalan versions. Reliability estimates were considered adequate as all the scales in both versions had values of >0.80. For convergent and discriminant validity evidence, the eHealth Literacy Scale showed moderate correlation with eHLQ scales in both versions (Spanish: range 0.57-0.76 and P<.001; Catalan: range 0.41-0.64 and P<.001). According to the relationship with external variables, all the eHLQ scales in both languages could discriminate between the maximum and minimum categories in level of education, socioeconomic level, and level of technology use. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish and Catalan versions of the eHLQ appear to be psychometrically sound questionnaires for assessing digital health literacy. They could both be useful tools in Spain and Catalonia for researchers, policy makers, and health service managers to explore people's needs, skills, and competencies and provide interesting insights into their interactions and engagement regarding their own experiences with digital health services, especially in the context of digital health growth in Spain.
Subject(s)
Health Literacy , Psychometrics , Telemedicine , Translations , Humans , Spain , Telemedicine/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires , Female , Psychometrics/methods , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , COVID-19 , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Reproducibility of Results , Young Adult , Aged , LanguageABSTRACT
AIM: To describe the development of a mobile health application -mICardiApp- designed by a multidisciplinary professional team and patients with heart failure and to evaluate its content validity. METHODS: Critical reviews of the literature, semi-structured interviews with patients, and user stories guided the development of the content of the mobile application. These contents were refined and validated through a modified Delphi process. An expert panel of healthcare and social care professionals together with patients and academics evaluated the content through two content validity indicators, relevance, and adequacy, and provided narrative feedback. The content validity of the app and each screen was determined by calculating the Content Validity Index (CVI). Similarly, the Adequacy Index (AI) was analyzed. RESULTS: The developed app is composed by 8 topics: (1) available resources, (2) cardiac rehabilitation, (3) control of signs and symptoms, (4) emotional support, (5) learning and having fun, (6) medication, (7) nutrition, and (8) physical activity. The results demonstrated high CVI of the screens and the full app. 57 of the 59 screens in the app reached an excellent CVI ≥ 0.70 for both relevance and adequacy, except for 2 screens. The CVI Average Method of the app was 0.851. CONCLUSIONS: mICardiApp is presented as an application to improve health literacy and self-management of patients with multimorbidity and heart failure, with proven validation.
Subject(s)
Heart Failure , Mobile Applications , Self-Management , Telemedicine , Humans , Heart Failure/therapy , Exercise , Health FacilitiesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Despite Catalonia being an advanced region in terms of digital health adoption, the "Forum for Professional Dialogue" identified the need to improve information and communication technology (ICT) competences as one of the present and future challenges for health care professionals (HPs). OBJECTIVE: We aimed to validate the digital competence test developed ad hoc for this study and to measure the digital competence level of Catalan HPs to establish their current level as the baseline for designing a strategic training plan. METHODS: An exploratory observational study was conducted based on a voluntary survey where sociodemographic, professional and digital tool knowledge, digital tool use, and training needs data were collected and based on the score obtained from a digital competence test developed ad hoc. The digital competence test consisted of 2 "real-life scenarios" with 7 and 11 questions. RESULTS: In total, 803 HPs, of whom 612 (76.2%) were women, completed the survey between June 28 and July 16, 2021. Most participants self-rated their digital competence level as either intermediate (384/803, 47.8%) or basic (357/803, 44.5%). The mean score in the digital competence test was 22.6 (SD 4.3). Therefore, most participants displayed a basic level of digital competence. The internal consistency of the digital competence test was 0.66, and the discrimination index of all questions was ≥0.2 for all items except for 1 question. CONCLUSIONS: This exploratory study highlights the need to improve the digital competence of HPs working in Catalonia, with special effort being made to provide training according to the specific needs of the different HP profiles. The results have informed the Health Plan for Catalonia 2021-2025 and lay the foundations for the development and deployment of a framework program for the digital competences of HPs. The developed digital competence test shows acceptable consistency for the objective pursued, although improvements are needed to fine-tune its accuracy.
Subject(s)
Health Personnel , Information Technology , Female , Humans , Male , Communication , Health Planning , KnowledgeABSTRACT
Las intervenciones psicosociales online y presenciales se consideran igualmente útiles para los niños con discapacidad leve, pero una intervención psicosocial presencial se considera mejor para aquellos con niveles moderados y graves de discapacidad...
Subject(s)
Humans , Social Support , Abdominal Pain , Child , Disability Evaluation , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this first part of the APTIC (Patient Organisations and ICT) project is to design and run an online collaborative social network for paediatric patient organizations (PPOs). OBJECTIVE: To analyse the needs of PPOs in Spain to identify opportunities to improve health services through the use of ICT. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of staff from 35 PPOs (54.68% response rate) participated in a structured online survey and three focus groups (12 PPOs). RESULTS: Paediatric patient organizations' major needs are to provide accredited and managed information, increase personal support and assistance and promote joint commitment to health care. Moreover, PPOs believe in the Internet's potential to meet their needs and support their activities. Basic limitations to using the Internet are lack of knowledge and resources. CONCLUSION: The discussion of the data includes key elements of designing an online collaborative social network and reflections on health services provided.
Subject(s)
Consumer Organizations , Cooperative Behavior , Information Dissemination/methods , Internet , Social Support , Adult , Delivery of Health Care , Focus Groups , Humans , Middle Aged , Pediatrics , Spain , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The objective is to present a website designed to improve the quality of life of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy and show data concerning its usefulness. The website was developed in accordance with scientific literature about caregivers' burden. We organized the website around different sections (e.g. family communication, learning to relax) and social support forums. The interactive features of the site were designed to accommodate different caregivers' needs and enable them to choose different pathways according to their own individual needs. Participants were 10 caregivers who took part in a pilot study and completed a questionnaire to analyze the usefulness of the website after five months using it. Preliminary results suggested that the website was useful for participants. The most useful sections were the "peer-to-peer" and the professional forums. This study shows the potential of an online intervention for parents of children with cerebral palsy.
El objetivo del artículo es presentar un sitio web diseñado para mejorar la calidad de vida de cuidadores de niños con parálisis cerebral y mostrar los datos correspondientes a su utilidad. Este sitio fue desarrollado acorde con la literatura científica sobre el tema de carga de los cuidadores y se organizó en torno a diferentes secciones (comunicación familiar, aprender a relajarse, entre otros) y foros de apoyo social. Las características interactivas del sitio fueron diseñadas para satisfacer las necesidades de los cuidadores, eligiendo diferentes caminos en función de las propias. En el estudio piloto participó una muestra de 10 cuidadores que completaron un cuestionario para analizar la utilidad del sitio web después de cinco meses de usarlo. Los resultados preliminares sugieren que este fue útil para los participantes y que las secciones de mayor utilidad fueron la denominada "de par a par" y los foros profesionales. El presente trabajo muestra el potencial de una intervención en línea, para padres de niños con parálisis cerebral.
Subject(s)
Quality of Life , Social WelfareABSTRACT
AIMS: To evaluate paediatricians' perceived effectiveness of an online psychosocial intervention for children with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP). Also, to explore which elements of this intervention they would consider necessary when applied in the clinical context. METHODS: A total of 131 paediatricians affiliated to Catalan and Balearic paediatric societies completed an online survey about how effective they would perceive an online psychosocial intervention for RAP (for reducing pain intensity, reducing disability and preventing chronicity) and how this intervention should be carried out. They were asked about the perceived effectiveness of the standard medical treatments they routinely applied for RAP and also their opinion of face-to-face psychosocial interventions. RESULTS: A face-to face psychosocial intervention was considered better (to reduce pain intensity, reduce disability and prevent chronic pain) than an online psychological intervention and the standard medical treatment. Online and face-to-face psychosocial interventions are considered equally useful for children with mild disability, but a face-to-face psychosocial intervention is considered better for those with moderate and severe levels of disability. Paediatricians considered that an online psychosocial intervention for children with RAP should be simple and consistent; it should provide easy access for users; and its interface should be easy to use and attractive. CONCLUSIONS: Paediatricians show a positive attitude towards a potential online psychosocial intervention for children and adolescents with RAP. However, they do not use the Internet for offering health care, and they would prefer a face-to-face psychosocial intervention.
Subject(s)
Abdominal Pain/therapy , Attitude of Health Personnel , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods , Health Care Surveys , Internet/statistics & numerical data , Abdominal Pain/diagnosis , Abdominal Pain/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Analysis of Variance , Child , Confidence Intervals , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pediatrics/standards , Pediatrics/trends , Perception , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/standards , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/trends , Psychology , Recurrence , Spain , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Many patients share their personal experiences and opinions using online video platforms. These videos are watched by millions of health consumers and health care professionals. Although it has become a popular phenomenon, little is known about patients who share videos online and why they do so. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to explore the motivations and challenges faced by patients who share videos about their health and experiences on YouTube. As part of a conference discussion, we asked several patients actively engaged on YouTube to make a video explaining their motivations. This paper discusses these videos. METHODS: In this qualitative study, we performed an analysis of the videos created by 4 patients about their self-reported motivations and challenges they face as YouTube users. First, two judges compared the transcriptions and decided the exact wording when confusing content was found. Second, two judges categorized the content of the videos to identify the major themes. RESULTS: four main categories emerged: (1) the origin or cause for making the first video, (2) the objectives that they achieve by continuing to make videos, (3) the perception of community, and (4) the negative consequences of the experience. CONCLUSIONS: The main reason for making videos was to bridge the gap between traditional health information about their diseases and everyday life. The first consequence of sharing their life on YouTube was a loss of privacy. However, they also experienced the positive effects of expressing their feelings, being part of a large community of peers, and helping others to deal with a chronic condition.
