ABSTRACT
In this work, plant-based shakes were prepared (5% oil, 6% protein, 1% lecithin, 88% water) (w/w) using two processing techniques (i) only mixing versus (ii) mixing followed by high pressure homogenisation, as well as two processing sequences (i) adding all ingredients together versus (ii) stepwise addition of ingredients. Shakes only mixed consisted of large, irregular particles (1-100 µm). Eventually, this resulted in a relatively low lipid and protein digestion extent after 2 h of gastric pre-digestion (9% and < 1%, respectively). In contrast, shakes that were subjected to high pressure homogenisation displayed small, homogeneous particles (<10 µm). Besides, lipids and proteins were digested to a high extent in the stomach (40% and 10%, respectively). The small intestinal digestion kinetics indicated a significant impact of proteins on lipid digestion kineticsbutno significant effect of lipids on protein digestion kinetics. The results highlighted the relevance of food processing on macronutrient (micro)structure and further gastrointestinal functionality.
Subject(s)
Digestion , Stomach , Emulsions/chemistry , Kinetics , Lipids/chemistryABSTRACT
Dose distribution of a High Dose Rate Brachytherapy (BHDR) oncological treatment with (192)Ir was measured using a Gafchromic EBT2 film. The film calibration was performed with a (60)Co unit and a LINAC of 6 mV and 18 mV. Gafchromic behavior of a dosimeter varies in respect of energy. Experimental results of dose distribution match with those planned in the PLATO commercial system, they also show that there is a difference of 2.11% between the planning system and isodoses measured.
Subject(s)
Brachytherapy , Radiotherapy Dosage , Calibration , HumansABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Polyphosphate, a phosphate polymer released by activated platelets, has recently been described as a potent modulator of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. In blood plasma, polyphosphate binds to and alters the biological functions of factor XII, fibrin(ogen), thrombin and factor VII activating protease. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study is to investigate whether polyphosphate also binds to von Willebrand factor (VWF) and alters some of its activities. METHODS/RESULTS: When studying patients with type 1 von Willebrand disease (VWD) and their healthy relatives, we discovered a significant correlation between von Willebrand factor (VWF) and platelet polyphosphate levels. We have also found polyphosphate in preparations of VWF isolated from normal platelets and plasma. Surface plasmon resonance and electrophoretic mobility assays indicated that polyphosphate interacts with VWF in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Treatment of normal plasma with active exopolyphosphatase decreased the VWF ristocetin cofactor (VWF:RCo) activity, a functional measure of VWF binding to platelet glycoprotein receptor Ib. VWF collagen binding and multimerization were unaltered after polyphosphate depletion. Moreover, addition of polyphosphate increased the deficient VWF:RCo activity presented by plasma from patients with type 1 VWD. CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal that a new role is played by polyphosphate in hemostasis by its interaction with VWF, and suggest that this polymer may be effective in the treatment of some types of VWD.
Subject(s)
Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex/chemistry , Polyphosphates/chemistry , von Willebrand Diseases/blood , von Willebrand Factor/chemistry , Acid Anhydride Hydrolases/chemistry , Blood Coagulation , Blood Platelets/cytology , Collagen/chemistry , Factor XII/chemistry , Fibrinogen/chemistry , Fibrinolysis , Humans , Microscopy, Confocal , Polymers/chemistry , Protein Binding , Serine Endopeptidases/chemistry , Surface Plasmon Resonance , Thrombin/chemistry , von Willebrand Diseases/immunologyABSTRACT
This paper presents the results of Environmental and Personnel Dosimetry made in a radiology area of a veterinary hospital. Dosimetry was realized using thermoluminescent (TL) materials. Environmental Dosimetry results show that areas closer to the X-ray equipment are safe. Personnel Dosimetry shows important measurements of daily workday in some persons near to the limit established by ICRP. TL results of radiation measurement suggest TLDs are good candidates as a dosimeter to radiation dosimetry in veterinary radiology.
Subject(s)
Radiation Protection/methods , Radiometry/methods , Technology, Radiologic/veterinary , Thermoluminescent Dosimetry/methods , Humans , Occupational Exposure/analysis , Radiometry/instrumentation , Thermoluminescent Dosimetry/instrumentationABSTRACT
A cross-sectional survey of the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers among healthy people was conducted in San Juanito, a rural community in the northern state of Chihuahua, Mexico. The overall prevalence in 970 people was 6.6% for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen. There was an age effect on the prevalence of HBV infection, and a gradual increase in prevalence was observed in patients up to the age of 40 years. Those subjects with a history of dental procedures had a 2-fold higher risk for HBV infection (odds ratio [OR], 2.4; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.01-5.86), and there was a 74% increased risk for each blood product transfusion (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.09-2.77). Horizontal transmission seems to be the major source of endemicity in San Juanito because no woman was a chronic carrier. To lower HBV transmission rate, an adequate active screening program for blood donors should be implemented, together with a universal infant immunization program.
