Steps to Ensure a Successful Implementation of Occupational Health and Safety Interventions at an Organizational Level.

There is increasing meta-analytic evidence that addresses the positive impact of evidence-based occupational health and safety interventions on employee health and well-being. However, such evidence is less clear when interventions are approached at an organizational level and are aimed at changing organizational policies and processes. Given that occupational health and safety interventions are usually tailored to specific organizational contexts, generalizing and transferring such interventions to other organizations is a complex endeavor. In response, several authors have argued that an evaluation of the implementation process is crucial for assessing the intervention's effectiveness and for understanding how and why the intervention has been (un)successful. Thus, this paper focuses on the implementation process and attempts to move this field forward by identifying the main factors that contribute toward ensuring a greater success of occupational health and safety interventions conducted at the organizational level. In doing so, we propose some steps that can guide a successful implementation. These implementation steps are illustrated using examples of evidence-based best practices reported in the literature that have described and systematically evaluated the implementation process behind their interventions during the last decade.

El efecto de la conservación de recursos sobre la intención emprendedora en el contexto de crisis económica: el rol moderador de la autoeficacia y la creatividad / The effect of conservation of resources on the entrepreneurial intention in the context of economic crisis: the moderating role of the selfefficacy and creativity

Este estudio plantea una línea de investigación del emprendimiento que incorpora el análisis de factores personales y del contexto socioeconómico actual en el marco de la Teoría de la Conservación de Re-cursos. Los objetivos del estudio fueron analizar el efecto que ejercen la pérdida, amenaza de pérdida y ganancia de recursos sobre la intención emprendedora, y determinar el papel moderador de la autoeficacia emprendedora y la percepción de la propia creatividad. Se realizó un estudio transversal en 278 estudiantes universitarios de posgrado. Se comprobó que la pérdida y la ganancia de recursos contribuyeron en la decisión de crear una empresa y que el efecto positivo de ambas variables fue mayor cuando se unía el efecto de la percepción creativa, siendo la autoeficacia emprendedora la variable que presentó mayor fuerza predictiva. Se concluye que la Teoría de la Conservación de Recursos constituye un soporte teórico que permite comprender el emprendimiento en el contexto de crisis económica, si bien se precisa la realización de estudios que permitan clarificar y consolidar los resultados obtenidos, incorporando análisis prospectivos que contemplen, la estructura social, las estrategias de afrontamiento, la perspectiva de género y los tipos de conducta de emprendimiento

This study presents a research line of entrepreneurship incorporating personal factors and current socio-economic context in the framework of the Conservation of Resources Theory. The objectives were to analyze the effect of the loss, threat loss, and gain of the resources on entrepreneurial intention and to determine the moderating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and perception of own creativity. A cross-sectional study in 278 university postgraduate students was conducted. It was found that loss and gain of resources contributed in the decision to start a business, the positive effect of both variables was greater when the effect of the creative perception joined. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy showed more predictive power. It is concluded that the Conservation of Resources Theory is a theoretical support for the study of entrepreneurship in the context of economic crisis, however studies are needed to clarify and consolidate the results obtained, incorporating prospective analysis covering social structure, coping strategies, gender perspective and types of entrepreneurial behaviour

Entrenamiento en habilidades sociales y responsabilidad social corporativa: estudio de un caso / Corte Social Skills Training and Corporate Social Responsibility: A case study

Este artículo evalúa la eficacia de un entrenamiento en habilidades sociales para la adquisición y mejora de destrezas de comunicación requeridas en la implantación y desarrollo de estrategias de responsabilidad social corporativa en una PYME (Pequeña y Mediana Empresa). Se utilizó un diseño cuasi-experimental con medidas pre-post de un entrenamiento en el que participaron 56 directivos y mandos intermedios de la mencionada empresa, mientras que el grupo de comparación estuvo conformado por 28 trabajadores de igual empleo en otra empresa del mismo sector productivo y composición demográfica similar. Los resultados demostraron que después del entrenamiento los participantes obtuvieron puntuaciones medias más altas que antes del mismo en una escala de adopción de la perspectiva del “otro” y en una de interés empático. Asimismo obtuvieron promedios más elevados después del entrenamiento que los obtenidos por el grupo de comparación en ambas variables así como en una medida de heteroevaluación mediante un diferencial semántico sobre empatía. Se discuten los resultados y sus implicaciones prácticas para la implantación y desarrollo de estrategias de responsabilidad social (AU)

This paper addresses the effectiveness of social skills training for the acquisition and improvement of communication skills required in the implementation and development of corporate social responsibility strategies in a SME (Small and Medium Enterprise). A quasi-experimental pre-post design was used, in which 56 senior and middle managers of such enterprise were trained (experimental group), while the comparison group was composed by 28 workers in the same job position at another company in the same productive sector and similar demographic composition. Results showed that scores of trained participants in both adoption of the other-party perspective and empathetic interest scales were higher after than before training. Their scores after training were also higher than those obtained by the comparison group in both variables as well as on an empathy heteroevaluation measure based on semantic differential. Findings and its practical implications for implementing and developing social responsibility strategies are discussed (AU)