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1.
J Diabetes Investig ; 13(6): 1094-1104, 2022 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35088564

ABSTRACT

AIM: To investigate (1) the association of lifestyle changes and living and working conditions with glycemic control and (2) whether treatment was intensified appropriately in patients with diabetes under the first COVID-19 state of emergency in Japan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 321 participants were included. Participants completed a questionnaire regarding lifestyle changes, including diet, physical activity, and living and working conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels was estimated before (June 1, 2019 to August 31, 2019) and during (June 1, 2020 to August 31, 2020) the pandemic. Factors associated with changes in HbA1c levels were examined by multiple linear regression analysis. The proportion of patients who received treatment intensification for diabetes was compared between before and during the pandemic. RESULTS: There was no significant change in HbA1c levels before the pandemic and during the pandemic (7.13 ± 0.98% vs 7.18 ± 1.01%, P = 0.186). Teleworking (estimate 0.206, P = 0.004) and living with a dog (estimate -0.149, P = 0.038) were significantly associated with changes in HbA1c levels after adjusting for covariates. There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients who received treatment intensification for diabetes during the pandemic and before the pandemic in either the elderly or non-elderly patients. CONCLUSIONS: Overall glycemic control did not worsen during the pandemic. Nonetheless, environmental factors, including telework, were found to influence glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Further studies are needed to clarify whether the COVID-19 pandemic could affect treatment intensification for diabetes.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Diabetes Mellitus , Glycemic Control , Aged , Animals , COVID-19/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Dogs , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Humans , Middle Aged , Pandemics , Pets , Retrospective Studies
2.
Intern Med ; 46(7): 387-90, 2007.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17409603

ABSTRACT

A 75-year-old woman who had been healthy except for mild glycemia and lipidemia discovered three and a half months before admission experienced severe dysphagia secondary to oral and esophageal candidiasis. She eventually developed diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome and ketoacidosis. Since anti-GAD antibody was negative and her diabetes was controlled with a moderate dose of insulin, we made a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Her only risk factors for candidiasis were hyperglycemia, age, and continuous denture use. The fact that her diabetes developed in association with oral candidiasis supports the hypothesis that there is a bidirectional interrelationship between diabetes and oral infection.


Subject(s)
Candidiasis, Oral/complications , Candidiasis, Oral/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Esophageal Diseases/complications , Esophageal Diseases/microbiology , Aged , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Candidiasis, Oral/drug therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Esophageal Diseases/drug therapy , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Risk Assessment , Severity of Illness Index
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