ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate longitudinal associations between the dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) and changes in glycemic and cardio-metabolic outcomes. A 28-month retrospective cohort study included 110 Vietnamese diabetic patients, collecting their dietary GI and GL values along with blood biochemical data from baseline 24-h dietary recall and medical records. Latent class growth modelling identified three distinct HbA1c trajectories during the follow-up period, with 51% of patients achieving good glycemic control. The adjusted linear mixed-effect model showed that 1 unit increase in logarithms in dietary GL was associated with a 0.14% increase in the log-HbA1c. Among poorly controlled diabetic patients, baseline GL values were positively correlated with increases in HbA1c; GI showed effects on changes in fasting plasma glucose and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index. No significant association was observed in patients with good glycemic control.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers , Blood Glucose , Diet , Glycated Hemoglobin , Glycemic Index , Glycemic Load , Humans , Male , Female , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Blood Glucose/analysis , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Biomarkers/blood , Aged , Vietnam , Retrospective Studies , Middle Aged , Longitudinal Studies , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Triglycerides/blood , Glycemic Control/methodsABSTRACT
This cross-sectional study analyzes the accuracy of nutrition information from artificial intelligence (AI) in comparison with a nutritionist.