Naphthalimide functionalized metal-organic framework for rapid and nanomolar level detection of hydrazine and anti-hypertensive drug nicardipine.

The increasing utilization of hydrazine and its derivatives across diverse sectors highlights the pressing need for efficient detection methods to safeguard human health and the environment. Likewise, nicardipine, a widely used medication for heart diseases, necessitates accurate sensing techniques for clinical research and therapeutic monitoring. Here, we propose a novel approach using a naphthalimide-functionalized Zr-MOF as a fluorometric probe capable of detecting both hydrazine and nicardipine in aqueous medium. Our designed probe exhibited a significant 31-fold increase in fluorescence intensity upon interaction with hydrazine. At the same time, nicardipine induced 86% fluorescence quenching with an exceptionally rapid response time (100 s for hydrazine and 5 s for nicardipine). The designed probe has the ability to detect both analytes at nanomolar concentrations (LOD for hydrazine is 1.11 nM while that for nicardipine is 9.6 nM). Investigation across various wastewater samples and pH conditions further validated its practical utility. The mechanism behind fluorometric sensing of nicardipine was thoroughly investigated using modern instrumentation. Our study presents a versatile and effective approach for detecting hydrazine and nicardipine, addressing crucial needs in both industrial and biomedical contexts.

A Recyclable Luminescent MOF Sensor for On-Site Detection of Insecticide Dinotefuran and Anti-Parkinson's Drug Entacapone in Various Environmental and Biological Specimens.

The monitoring and precise determination of pesticides and pharmaceutical drugs and their residues have become increasingly important in the field of food safety and water contamination issues. Herein, a fluorescent aluminium MOF-based sensor (1) was developed for the selective recognition of neonicotinoid insecticide dinotefuran and anti-Parkinson's drug entacapone. Guest-free MOF 1' exhibited ultra-fast response (<5 s) and ultra-low detection limits of 2.3 and 7.6 nM for dinotefuran and entacapone, which are lower than the previously reported MOF-based sensors. In the presence of other competitive analytes, great selectivity was achieved towards both analytes. The probe was recyclable up to five cycles. The sensing ability was explored towards entacapone in human serum, urine and dinotefuran in real soil, rice, honey samples, different fruits, vegetables, real water specimens and a wide range of pH media. A low-cost, handy MOF-based polymer thin-film composite (1'@PVDF-PVP) was developed for the on-site detection of dinotefuran and entacapone. Mechanistic studies involving analytical techniques and theoretical calculations suggested that FRET and PET are the probable reasons for entacapone sensing whereas IFE is responsible for dinotefuran detection. The entire work presents a low cost, multi-use photoluminescent sensor of entacapone and dinotefuran to address the environmental pollution.

MOF-Fabric Composites Based on a Multi-Functional MOF as Luminescent Sensors for a Neurotransmitter and an Anti-Cancer Drug.

A biocompatible, reliable, fast, and nanomolar-level dual-functional sensor for a neurotransmitter (e.g., adrenaline) and an anti-cancer drug (e.g., 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP)) is still far away from the hand of modern-day researchers. To address this issue, we synthesized an aqua-stable, bio-friendly, thiourea-functionalized Zr(IV) metal-organic framework (MOF) for selective, rapid sensing of adrenaline and 6-MP with ultra-low limit of detection (LOD for adrenaline = 1.9 nM and LOD for 6-MP = 28 pM). This is the first MOF-based fluorescent sensor of both the targeted analytes. The sensor not only can detect adrenaline in HEPES buffer medium but also in different bio-fluids (e.g., human urine and blood serum) and pH media. It also exhibited 6-MP sensing ability in aqueous medium and in various wastewater specimens and pH solutions. For the quick and on-site detection of this neuro-messenger (adrenaline) and the drug (6-MP), cost-effective sensor-coated cotton fabric composites were fabricated. The MOF@cotton fabric composite is capable of detecting both the analytes up to the nanomolar level by the naked eye under UV light. The sensor can be recycled up to five times without significantly losing its efficiency. The Förster resonance energy transfer in the presence of adrenaline and inner-filter effect in the presence of 6-MP are the most likely reasons behind the quenching of the MOF's fluorescence intensity, which were proved with the help of appropriate instrumental techniques.