Nrf2 activation: a key mechanism in stem cell exosomes-mediated therapies.

Exosomes are nano-sized membrane extracellular vesicles which can be released from various types of cells. Exosomes originating from inflammatory or injured cells can have detrimental effects on recipient cells, while exosomes derived from stem cells not only facilitate the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues but also inhibit inflammation and provide protective effects against various diseases, suggesting they may serve as an alternative strategy of stem cells transplantation. Exosomes have a fundamental role in communication between cells, through the transfer of proteins, bioactive lipids and nucleic acids (like miRNAs and mRNAs) between cells. This transfer significantly impacts both the physiological and pathological functions of recipient cells. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor, is able to mitigate damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation through various signaling pathways. The positive effects resulting from the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in different disorders have been documented in various types of literature. Studies have confirmed that exosomes derived from stem cells could act as Nrf2 effective agonists. However, limited studies have explored the Nrf2 role in the therapeutic effects of stem cell-derived exosomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing knowledge concerning the role of Nrf2 signaling pathways in the impact exerted by stem cell exosomes in some common diseases.

The effect of L-carnitine on oocyte mitochondrial health and biomarkers on cyclophosphamide chemotherapy drug in mice.

Improving oocyte competence during chemotherapy is widely known as a contributing factor to increasing the probability of fertility. Additionally, the role of cumulus cells in oocyte quality is of utmost importance. Therefore, this study was designed to simultaneously probe into the relative gene expression of oocytes and cumulus cells as biomarkers of oocyte quality with cyclophosphamide and L-carnitine treatment. A total of 60 adult NMRI mice were divided into four groups: control, L-carnitine (LC), cyclophosphamide (CP), and cyclophosphamide+L-carnitine (CP+LC). The relative mRNA expression levels of oocyte quality genes including growth differentiation factor 9 (Gdf9), hyaluronan synthase 2 (Has2), and mitochondrial sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) in oocytes, and genes involved in bilateral communication between cumulus cells and between the oocyte and its neighboring cumulus cells including connexin 37 (Cx37) and connexin 43 (Cx43) were detected by Real-time-PCR. DCFH-DA staining analyzed the level of intracellular ROS in oocytes. Under the influence of L-carnitine, Gdf9, Has2, Cx43, and Cx37 were significantly up-regulated (p ≤ 0.05). However, cyclophosphamide considerably reduced the expression of all these genes (p ≤ 0.05). The expression of the Sirt3 gene in the CP group increased significantly compared to the other groups (p ≤ 0.05). Analysis of fluorescent images revealed that the level of intracellular ROS in the cyclophosphamide group was significantly increased compared to the other groups (p ≤ 0.05), while it plummeted in the L-carnitine group (p ≤ 0.05). L-carnitine as an antioxidant can reduce the destructive effects of cyclophosphamide and enhance bilateral communications between oocytes and cumulus cells, and it may ultimately lead to an increase in the fertility rate.

The effect of risperidone on behavioral reactions and gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in neuropathic pain model induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve in rat.

BACKGROUND: Neuropathic pain results from lesions or diseases affecting the somatosensory system. The management of a patient with chronic neuropathic pain remains a challenge several studies report the analgesic effect of serotonin receptor antagonists in different models of experimental pain. The present study was designed to study the effect of systemic administration of risperidone, on behavioral scores of neuropathic pains in chronic constriction (CCI) model in rats. METHODS: Inducing neuropathic pain with the CCI model which causes heat hyperalgesia, heat, and mechanical allodynia was performed on rats, and then, in two phases, risperidone effect was determined. In the acute phase, risperidone 1, 2, 4 mg was administered for three groups half an hour before behavioral tests on the 7th, 14th, and 21st day after surgery, and in the chronic phase, risperidone 1, 2, and 4 mg was administered for three different groups from the 1st to 14th days after surgery than on 14th-day behavioral scores were performed. For gene expression analysis, samples are taken from spinal cord tissues in lumbar segments. RESULTS: This study shows chronic administration of risperidone as an antipsychotic drug was effective on heat hyperalgesia and allodynia. However, only the max dosage (4 mg) of risperidone showed meaningful improvement in increasing mechanical allodynia. However, acute administering of risperidone did not show any meaningful changes in behavioral tests on neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve in rats. In addition, gene expression results showed an increase in IL-4 and IL-10 gene expression in the risperidone group compared to the sham group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests the helpful preventive effects of risperidone in developing and increasing neuropathic pain, but it does not have any instant effect.

Clinical outcomes following treatment of deep surgical site infection after fixation of calcaneal fractures: A retrospective case-control study.

INTRODUCTION: Deep surgical site infection (SSI) may be a complication of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of calcaneal fractures. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of patients with deep SSI following ORIF of calcaneal fractures via extensile lateral approach (ELA). We compared clinical outcomes of these patients, with a minimum follow-up of one year after successful treatment of deep SSI with a matched control group. METHODS: In this retrospective case-control study, demographic data, fracture characteristics, bacterial pathogens, medical treatments and surgical approaches were collected, also the outcome was evaluated by the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, foot function index (FFI) and AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score. The differences in Böhler and Gissane's angles between infected and contralateral feet were measured. By matching a control group of uninfected cases, clinical outcomes were compared between 2 groups using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: Among 331 calcaneus fractures in 308 patients (mean age, 38.0 ± 13.1; male/female ratio, 5.5), 21 had deep SSI (6.3 %). There were 16 (76.2 %) males and 5 (23.8 %) females with a mean age of 35.1 ± 11.7 years. Thirteen (61.9 %) patients had unilateral fractures. The most common Sanders Type was found to be type II. The most frequent type of detected microorganisms was Staphylococcus species. Intravenous antibiotic therapy, mostly clindamycin, imipenem and vancomycin, based on the microbiological results, was prescribed with a mean±SD duration of 28.1 ± 16.5 days. The mean number of surgical debridements was 1.8 ± 1.3. Implants needed to be removed in 16 (76.2 %) cases. Antibiotic-impregnated bone cement was applied in three (14.3 %) cases. The clinical outcomes of 15 cases (follow up, 35.5 ± 13.8; range, 12.6-64.5 months) were 4.1 ± 2.0, 16.7 ± 12.3 and 77.5 ± 20.8 for VAS for pain, FFI % and AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score, respectively. Comparing with the control group (VAS for pain, 2.3 ± 2.7; FFI %, 12.2 ± 16.6, and AOFAS, 84.6 ± 18.0), only VAS pain was statistically lower in this group (p-value: 0.012). The differences in Böhler and Gissane's angles between both feet of infected cases were - 14.3 ± 17.9 and - 7.7 ± 22.5 (worse in the infected side), respectively. CONCLUSION: Proper on-time approaches to deep infection following ORIF of calcaneal fractures may lead to acceptable clinical and functional outcomes. Sometimes aggressive approaches with intravenous antibiotic therapy, multiple sessions of surgical debridement, removal of implants and antibiotic impregnated cement are necessary to eradicate deep infection. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.

MRI-Based Radiomics Combined with Deep Learning for Distinguishing IDH-Mutant WHO Grade 4 Astrocytomas from IDH-Wild-Type Glioblastomas.

This study aimed to investigate the potential of quantitative radiomic data extracted from conventional MR images in discriminating IDH-mutant grade 4 astrocytomas from IDH-wild-type glioblastomas (GBMs). A cohort of 57 treatment-naïve patients with IDH-mutant grade 4 astrocytomas (n = 23) and IDH-wild-type GBMs (n = 34) underwent anatomical imaging on a 3T MR system with standard parameters. Post-contrast T1-weighted and T2-FLAIR images were co-registered. A semi-automatic segmentation approach was used to generate regions of interest (ROIs) from different tissue components of neoplasms. A total of 1050 radiomic features were extracted from each image. The data were split randomly into training and testing sets. A deep learning-based data augmentation method (CTGAN) was implemented to synthesize 200 datasets from the training sets. A total of 18 classifiers were used to distinguish two genotypes of grade 4 astrocytomas. From generated data using 80% training set, the best discriminatory power was obtained from core tumor regions overlaid on post-contrast T1 using the K-best feature selection algorithm and a Gaussian naïve Bayes classifier (AUC = 0.93, accuracy = 0.92, sensitivity = 1, specificity = 0.86, PR_AUC = 0.92). Similarly, high diagnostic performances were obtained from original and generated data using 50% and 30% training sets. Our findings suggest that conventional MR imaging-based radiomic features combined with machine/deep learning methods may be valuable in discriminating IDH-mutant grade 4 astrocytomas from IDH-wild-type GBMs.

Effects of the exercise-inducible myokine irisin on proliferation and malignant properties of ovarian cancer cells through the HIF-1 α signaling pathway.

Exercise has been shown to be associated with reduced risk and improving outcomes of several types of cancers. Irisin -a novel exercise-related myokine- has been proposed to exert beneficial effects in metabolic disorders including cancer. No previous studies have investigated whether irisin may regulate malignant characteristics of ovarian cancer cell lines. In the present study, we aimed to explore the effect of irisin on viability and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells which was examined by MTT assay. Then, we evaluated the migratory and invasive abilities of the cells via transwell assays. Moreover, the percentage of apoptosis induction was determined by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the mRNA expression level of genes related to the aerobic respiration (HIF-1α, c-Myc, LDHA, PDK1 and VEGF) was detected by real-time PCR. Our data revealed that irisin treatment significantly attenuated the proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Additionally, irisin induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. We also observed that irisin regulated the expression of genes involved in aerobic respiration of ovarian cancer cells. Our results indicated that irisin may play a crucial role in inhibition of cell growth and malignant characteristics of ovarian cancer. These findings may open up avenues for future studies to identify the further therapeutic use of irisin in ovarian cancer management.

Synergistic effects of dendrosomal nanocurcumin and oxaliplatin on oncogenic properties of ovarian cancer cell lines by down-expression of MMPs.

BACKGROUND: Contrary to the advantageous anticancer activities of curcumin (Cur), limited bioavailability and solubility hindered its efficacy. Here, nontoxic dendrosomal nano carrier with Cur was used to overcome these problems. Despite considerable antitumor properties of Oxaliplatin (Oxa), the limiting factors are drug resistance and adverse side-effects. The hypothesis of this study was to evaluate the possible synergism between dendrosomal nanocurcumin (DNC) and Oxa and these agents showed growth regulatory effects on SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells. METHODS AND MATERIALS: In the present study, colony formation, wound healing motility, cell adhesion, transwell invasion and migration assay and cell cycle arrest with or without DNC, Oxa and Combination were defined. In addition to, real time PCR and Western blot were used to analyze AKT, PI3K, PKC, JNK, P38 and MMPs mRNAs and proteins expressions. Docking of MMP-2-Cur, MMP-2-DNC and MMP-2-Oxa was performed and the results of all three complexes were simulated by molecular dynamics. RESULTS: Our findings illustrated that DNC had the greatest effect on cell death as compared to the Cur alone. Moreover, the growth inhibitory effects (such as cell death correlated to apoptosis) were more intense if Oxa was added followed by DNC at 4 h interval. However, insignificant effects were observed upon simultaneous addition of these two agents in both cell lines. Besides, a combination of agents synergistically alters the relative expression of MMP-9. CONCLUSIONS: The docking results showed that His70 and Asp100 may play a key role at the MMP-2 binding site. The matrigel invasion as well as cell viability of ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and OVCAR3 by DNC alone or in combination with Oxa was inhibited significantly. The inhibitory effects of these agents were due to the differential expression levels of MMP 2 and MMP 9 regulated by multiple downstream signaling cascades. From the molecular dynamic simulation studies, it was confirmed that DNC established a strong interaction with MMP-2.

Synergistic effects of dendrosomal nanocurcumin and oxaliplatin on oncogenic properties of ovarian cancer cell lines by down-expression of MMPs

BACKGROUND: Contrary to the advantageous anticancer activities of curcumin (Cur), limited bioavailability and solubility hindered its efficacy. Here, nontoxic dendrosomal nano carrier with Cur was used to overcome these problems. Despite considerable antitumor properties of Oxaliplatin (Oxa), the limiting factors are drug resistance and adverse side-effects. The hypothesis of this study was to evaluate the possible synergism between dendrosomal nanocurcumin (DNC) and Oxa and these agents showed growth regulatory effects on SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells. METHODS: and materials In the present study, colony formation, wound healing motility, cell adhesion, transwell invasion and migration assay and cell cycle arrest with or without DNC, Oxa and Combination were defined. In addition to, real time PCR and Western blot were used to analyze AKT, PI3K, PKC, JNK, P38 and MMPs mRNAs and proteins expressions. Docking of MMP-2-Cur, MMP-2-DNC and MMP-2-Oxa was performed and the results of all three complexes were simulated by molecular dynamics. RESULTS: Our findings illustrated that DNC had the greatest effect on cell death as compared to the Cur alone. Moreover, the growth inhibitory effects (such as cell death correlated to apoptosis) were more intense if Oxa was added followed by DNC at 4 h interval. However, insignificant effects were observed upon simultaneous addition of these two agents in both cell lines. Besides, a combination of agents synergistically alters the relative expression of MMP-9. CONCLUSIONS: The docking results showed that His70 and Asp100 may play a key role at the MMP-2 binding site. The matrigel invasion as well as cell viability of ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and OVCAR3 by DNC alone or in combination with Oxa was inhibited significantly. The inhibitory effects of these agents were due to the differential expression levels of MMP 2 and MMP 9 regulated by multiple downstream signaling cascades. From the molecular dynamic simulation studies, it was confirmed that DNC established a strong interaction with MMP-2.

Effect of a Developed Nursing Stretch Break Application on Work-Related Musculoskeletal Complications and Fatigue among Nurses: An Interventional Study.

Objective: The present study aimed to develop Nursing Stretch Break (NSB) application to relieve work-related musculoskeletal complications and fatigue among hospital nurses. Methods: This interventional study was conducted among 71 nurses (15 men and 56 women with a mean age of 33.32 ± 6.42) employed in Shiraz governmental hospitals, Southwest Iran, for four months. In this study, NSB was developed; it includes eight main menus for the user, including (1) Registration, (2) Stretches, (3) User panel, (4) Questions from the researcher, (5) About us, (6) Contact us, (7) Reports, and (8) Answers to questions. Data were collected pre and post-intervention via the Persian version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (P-NMQ), the Persian version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (P-MAF) Scale, the Persian version of the Numeric Rating Scale (P-NRS), and the Persian version of the Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of use (P-USE) questionnaire. Results: NSB application usability testing showed that the mean scores of P-USE subscales were high. The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WMSs) in the last 7 days in nurses' body parts, except the elbows and knees, was significantly lower after the intervention than before. In addition, the intensity of work-related musculoskeletal pain/discomfort in all body parts, except the knees, was significant relief after the intervention compared to before. The results demonstrated that the difference in the mean score of the total fatigue and its subscales, except "degree of interference with activities of daily living," was significant after the intervention compared to before. Conclusions: NSB could be a low-cost and feasible ergonomic solution to improve the nurses' musculoskeletal health.

The correlation between IgM and IgG antibodies with blood profile in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the levels of IgM and IgG antibody response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with different disease severity. METHODS: IgM and IgG antibody levels were evaluated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In total, 100 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in this study and viral RNA was detected by using Real-time PCR technique. Clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed after hospital admission for COVID-19 and two months post-admission. RESULTS: The level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody IgG was significantly higher in the severe patients than those in moderate and mild groups, 2 months after admission. Also, level of IgG was positively associated with increased WBC, NUT and LYM counts in sever than mild or moderate groups after admission to hospital. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that patients with severe illness might experience longer virus exposure times and have a stronger antibody response against viral infection. Thus, they have longer time immunity compared with other groups.

ATLAS: An Adaptive Transfer Learning Based Pain Assessment System: A Real Life Unsupervised Pain Assessment Solution.

Undertreatment or overtreatment of pain will cause severe consequences physiologically and psychologically. Thus, researchers have made great efforts to develop automatic pain assessment approaches based on physiological signals using machine learning techniques. However, state-of-art research mainly focuses on verifying the hypothesis that physiological signals can be used to assess pain. The critical assumption of these studies is that training data and testing data have the same distribution. However, this assumption may not hold in reallife scenarios, for instance, the adoption of machine learning model by a new patient. Such real-life scenarios in which user's data is unlabeled is largely neglected in literature. This study compensates for the rift by proposing an adaptive transfer learning based pain assessment system (ATLAS), a novel adaptive learning system based on the transfer learning algorithm Transfer Components Analysis (TCA) to minimize the distance between training data and unlabeled testing data. Experiments were conducted on BioVid database, and the results showed our approach outperforms three existing traditional machine learning-based approaches and achieves an accuracy just 2.0% below the accuracy with labeled data.

Convolution Neural Network for Pain Intensity Assessment from Facial Expression.

Pain is an unpleasant feeling that can reflect a patient's health situation. Since measuring pain is subjective, time-consuming, and needs continuous monitoring, automated pain intensity detection from facial expression holds great potential for smart healthcare applications. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are recently being used to identify features, map and model pain intensity from facial images, delivering great promise in helping practitioners detect disease. Limited research has been conducted to determine pain intensity levels across multiple classes. CNNs with simple learning schemes are limited in their ability to extract feature information from images. In order to develop a highly accurate pain intensity estimation system, this study proposes a Deep CNN (DCNN) model using the transfer learning technique, where a pre-trained DCNN model is adopted by replacing its dense upper layers, and the model is tuned using painful facial. We conducted experiments on the UNBC-McMaster shoulder pain archive database to estimate pain intensity in terms of seven-level thresholds using a given facial expression image. The experiments show our method achieves a promising improvement in terms of accuracy and performance to estimate pain intensity and outperform the-state-of-the-arts models.

Molecular and Clinical Investigation of COVID-19: From Pathogenesis and Immune Responses to Novel Diagnosis and Treatment.

The coronavirus-related severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) in 2002/2003, the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) in 2012/2013, and especially the current 2019/2021 severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) negatively affected the national health systems worldwide. Different SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and recently Omicron (B.1.1.529), have emerged resulting from the high rate of genetic recombination and S1-RBD/S2 mutation/deletion in the spike protein that has an impact on the virus activity. Furthermore, genetic variability in certain genes involved in the immune system might impact the level of SARS-CoV-2 recognition and immune response against the virus among different populations. Understanding the molecular mechanism and function of SARS-CoV-2 variants and their different epidemiological outcomes is a key step for effective COVID-19 treatment strategies, including antiviral drug development and vaccine designs, which can immunize people with genetic variabilities against various strains of SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we center our focus on the recent and up-to-date knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 (Alpha to Omicron) origin and evolution, structure, genetic diversity, route of transmission, pathogenesis, new diagnostic, and treatment strategies, as well as the psychological and economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic on individuals and their lives around the world.

The Effect of Irisin on Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Expression of Metastasis Markers in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines.

INTRODUCTION: Irisin is a newly discovered myokine released from skeletal muscle during exercise. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of proteolytic enzymes that play a key role in the metastatic process via degrading extracellular matrix. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of irisin on expression of metastatic markers MMP2 and MMP9 and induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. METHODS: In this study, we examined the effect of different concentrations of irisin on induced apoptosis and cell viability of two cell lines, LNCaP and DU-145, by using flow cytometry and MTT assay, respectively. The expression of MMP2 and MMP9 genes was also analyzed by real-time PCR after irisin treatment. Data were analyzed using the comparative cycle threshold 2-∆∆Ct method. RESULTS: Cell viability was reduced in both LNCaP and DU-145 cell lines at different concentrations of irisin. However, this decreased cell viability was strongly significant (p < 0.05) only at 5 and 10 nM concentrations of irisin in the LNCaP cell line. Furthermore, irisin could induce apoptosis in both cell lines at a concentration of 10 nM compared to 5 nM. Real-time PCR results also demonstrated a decreased expression in MMP2 and MMP9 genes in a concentration-dependent manner in both cell lines. CONCLUSION: These results showed the anticancer effects of irisin on cell viability of both LNCaP and DU-145 cell lines and also on the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 genes occurred in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Achieving Human Resource Management Sustainability in Universities.

The sustainability of human resource management (HRM) is the basis for an organization's future growth and success. This study aims to investigate achieving HRM sustainability in universities. We use a quantitative research method design to investigate the factors that affect HRM sustainability at universities. The study was conducted during the spring and summer of 2020 at Iranian state universities. As the study's statistical population included 2543 employees, a sample size of 334 employees was calculated using the Cochran formula. A questionnaire with 32 statements based on a 5-point Likert scale was used to collect the data, which were analyzed using PLS3 software. The findings show that human resource practices, social factors, psychological factors, employer branding, and economic factors have positive and significant effects on HRM sustainability at universities. Findings indicate that it is essential to consider the implementation of adequate HRM practices and related socio-economic and psychological supports for HRM sustainability in universities that can lead to the competitiveness of the higher education institutions such as universities.

The impact of LncRNA dysregulation on clinicopathology and survival of pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA compliant).

PURPOSE: An increasing number of studies have reported a significant association between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) dysregulation and pancreatic cancers. In the present study, we aimed to gather articles to evaluate the prognostic value of long non coding RNA in pancreatic cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We systematically searched all eligible articles from databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to meta-analysis of published articles and screen association of multiple lncRNAs expression with clinicopathology and/or survival of pancreatic cancer. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to analysis of overall survival, disease-free survival and progression-free survival were measured with a fixed or random effects model. RESULTS: A total of 39 articles were included in the present meta-analysis. Our results showed that dysregulation of lncRNAs were linked to overall survival (39 studies, 4736 patients HR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.25 ± 0.58, random-effects in pancreatic cancer. Moreover, altered lncRNAs were also contributed to progression-free survival (8 studies, 1180 patients HR: 1.88, 95% CI (1.35-2.62) and disease-free survival (2 studies, 285 patients, HR: 6.07, 95% CI 1.28-28.78). In addition, our findings revealed the association between dysregulated RNAs and clinicopathological features in this type of cancer. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, dysregulated lncRNAs could be served as promising biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.

Work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among Iranian nurses and their relationship with fatigue: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WMSs), identify potential factors associated with WMSs, and determine the association between WMSs and fatigue among nurses. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 500 Iranian nurses. Data was gathered by the 1) Persian version of the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (P-NMQ) to examine WMSs, and 2) Persian version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (P-MAF) Scale to evaluate fatigue among the study population. Then, data was analyzed by SPSS version 21 using the χ2 test, multiple logistic regression for detection of potential factors associated with WMSs, and multiple linear regression for detection of potential factors associated with fatigue. RESULTS: Ankles/feet, lower back, knees, and shoulders had the highest prevalence of WMSs among nurses within the last 12 months prior to the study. Independent variables including age, job tenure, gender, smoking, shift work, and type of employment were significantly associated with WMSs in different body regions with odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1.635-2.835. Moreover, WMSs in some body regions were associated with subscales of fatigue and total fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: Ergonomic and organizational interventions for fitting the job to the nurses considering demographic/occupational characteristics are highly essential to improve musculoskeletal system health and relieve fatigue.

The role of altered long noncoding RNAs in overall survival of ovarian cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

In recent years, tremendous research efforts have been focused on investigating the effect of dysregulation of lncRNAs on cancer progression, most of which confirm a positive link. This inspired us to conduct the present meta-analysis to explore whether aberrant expression of multiple lncRNAs has a role in patients' outcome in ovarian cancer. This comprehensive meta-analysis pertains to the evaluation of association between dysregulated lncRNAs expression level with eventual outcome and clinicopathological characteristics of ovarian cancer patients. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to find all eligible articles. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for overall survival, disease-free survival and progression-free survival were measured with a fixed or random effects model. A total of 34 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Dysregulation of lncRNAs were contributed to shorter overall survival (34 studies, 1180 patients HR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.73 ± 2.60, random-effects) in ovarian cancer. Furthermore, altered lncRNAs were also related to decreased progression-free survival (8 studies, 1180 patients HR: 1.88, 95% CI: (1.35-2.62) and disease-free survival (2 studies, 285 patients, HR: 6.07, 95% CI: 1.28-28.78) in this disease. Our analyses supported the robust prognostic significance of altered lncRNAs in ovarian cancer. However, more extended studies are encouraged to evaluate the clinical application potential of these lncRNAs in the prognosis evaluation of ovarian cancer.

A dataset of labelled objects on raw video sequences.

We present an object labelled dataset called SFU-HW-Objects-v1, which contains object labels for a set of raw video sequences. The dataset can be useful for the cases where both object detection accuracy and video coding efficiency need to be evaluated on the same dataset. Object ground-truths for 18 of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) v1 Common Test Conditions (CTC) sequences have been labelled. The object categories used for the labeling are based on the Common Objects in Context (COCO) labels. A total of 21 object classes are found in test sequences, out of the 80 original COCO label classes. Brief descriptions of the labeling process and the structure of the dataset are presented.