ABSTRACT
Fifteen to 21% of women diagnosed with genital tract tumors are younger than 40. Adequate counseling of these patients must be conducted to decide whether fertility-sparing treatment is allowed and what would be the oncological, fertility and obstetrical outcomes. We performed a comprehensive PubMed literature search using the terms "Uterine Cervical Neoplasms"[Mesh], "Trachelectomy", "Endometrial Neoplasms"[Mesh], "Ovarian Neoplasms"[Mesh] and "Fertility"[Mesh]. The following review reports available evidence for the conservative management of cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancer. Data regarding the selection of patients, surgical techniques, obstetrical issues and cancer prognosis are summarized. The level of evidence is low in most of the available reports. The therapeutic options presented in this paper should not therefore be considered as a standard of care. Nevertheless, fertility-sparing treatments of gynecological malignancies should be discussed in a multidisciplinary team and suggested to eligible patients who are younger than 40 and wish to become pregnant further.
Subject(s)
Fertility Preservation/methods , Genital Neoplasms, Female/drug therapy , Female , Humans , PregnancyABSTRACT
A two-stage chemostat was used to study removal of cadmium by microorganisms in continuous culture. The medium was contaminated with 0.8 mg of Cd per liter. At 20 degrees C, most of the microbial biomass formed aggregates which settled in the second stage of the chemostat. Effluent was free of bacteria. Up to 80% of the metal contained in the inlet flux was removed by the biomass, with 20% remaining in solution. At 10 degrees C and with a shorter retention time, flocculation was poorer and metal removal by settling biomass did not exceed 35%.
ABSTRACT
The bacterial communities of three aquatic systems were analyzed in order to compare the influence of heavy metals. The first system was a sedimentation pond in a zinc-copper factory. The second was the bank of the Belgian river Meuse covered by the mossPlatyhypnidium riparioides (Hedw.) Dix. contaminated with heavy metals. The third was the bank of the same river covered by the same uncontaminated moss.The study was focused mainly on cadmium.The reciprocal averaging method showed that some bacterial strains could develop in very high concentrations of cadmium, but their physiological characteristics were not the same as those of the sensitive strains. In addition, the characteristics of the resistant strains depended on the environment. Correlation between resistance to heavy metals and to antibiotics was observed but was not the same in all communities. The density of resistant strains was roughly related to the level of toxicity in the environment.
ABSTRACT
Curable resistance to cobalt, zinc and cadmium ions was observed in a hydrogen-utilizing Pseudomonas. Resistance to cobalt was transferred to P. aeruginosa and can be transferred again between P. aeruginosa strains.
