ABSTRACT
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) share common risk factors, including obesity and diabetes. They are also thought to be mechanistically linked. The aim of this study was to define serum metabolites associated with HFpEF in a cohort of patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD to identify common mechanisms. Methods and Results We performed a retrospective, single-center study of 89 adult patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD who had transthoracic echocardiography performed for any indication. Metabolomic analysis was performed on serum using ultrahigh performance liquid and gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. HFpEF was defined as ejection fraction >50% plus at least 1 echocardiographic feature of HFpEF (diastolic dysfunction, abnormal left atrial size) and at least 1 heart failure sign or symptom. We performed generalized linear models to evaluate associations between individual metabolites, NAFLD, and HFpEF. Thirty-seven out of 89 (41.6%) patients met criteria for HFpEF. A total of 1151 metabolites were detected; 656 were analyzed after exclusion of unnamed metabolites and those with >30% missing values. Fifty-three metabolites were associated with the presence of HFpEF with unadjusted P value <0.05; none met statistical significance after adjustment for multiple comparisons. The majority (39/53, 73.6%) were lipid metabolites, and levels were generally increased. Two cysteine metabolites (cysteine s-sulfate and s-methylcysteine) were present at significantly lower levels in patients with HFpEF. Conclusions We identified serum metabolites associated with HFpEF in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD, with increased levels of multiple lipid metabolites. Lipid metabolism could be an important pathway linking HFpEF to NAFLD.
Subject(s)
Heart Failure , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease , Adult , Humans , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/complications , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnosis , Stroke Volume , Retrospective Studies , Cysteine , Lipids , BiopsyABSTRACT
Idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins (IMHMV) is a rare cause of chronic colonic ischemia characterized by intimal smooth muscle proliferation and luminal narrowing of the small to medium sized mesenteric veins. It predominantly affects the rectosigmoid colon in otherwise healthy, middle-aged males. Definitive diagnosis and treatment are surgical; however, patients are frequently misdiagnosed, which often results in a protracted clinical course. We describe a case of IMHMV presenting as left hemicolitis in a 53-year-old male, as well as the endoscopic, histopathologic, and radiographic findings that established the diagnosis.
