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1.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 29(4): 212-218, mayo 2005. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-036729

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Estimar la asociación entre parámetros indicativos de retraso y fracaso en la resucitación con la mortalidad en pacientes con sepsis grave, y describir el patrón de uso de fármacos vasoactivos en pacientes con shock séptico. Diseño. Estudio prospectivo de cohortes. Ámbito. Siete Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) polivalentes en España. Pacientes y método. Enfermos diagnosticados de sepsis grave ingresados de forma consecutiva en las UCI participantes durante un período de un mes. Variables de interés principales. Se recogieron variables relacionadas con intervenciones de resucitación, persistencia de un estado de resucitación insuficiente, disfunción de órganos, uso de fármacos vasoactivos y mortalidad en UCI. Resultados. La mortalidad global fue del 40%. En comparación con los enfermos que sobreviven, los que fallecen presentan mayor puntuación Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) (p = 0,02), mayor número de órganos disfuncionantes (p = 0,01), y menor escala de coma de Glasgow (GCS) en el momento del ingreso (p = 0,001). La duración de la oliguria y de la hipotensión, así como la duración de la necesidad de administración de fármacos presores, se relacionaron de forma univariante con el pronóstico. El patrón de uso de fármacos vasoactivos más prevalente fue noradrenalina sola (60% de los enfermos con hipotensión) o en combinación con dopamina a dosis inferiores a 5 µg/kg/min (32% de los enfermos con hipotensión).Conclusión. No sólo parámetros indicativos de hipoperfusión tisular presentes al ingreso, sino también la duración de la hipoperfusión tisular y del shock, son variables que se relacionan con la mortalidad en la sepsis grave. Estos resultados apoyan el concepto de que la resucitación y la aplicación de medidas terapéuticas de forma precoz que eviten o disminuyan la duración de la hipoperfusión tisular pueden mejorar el pronóstico de la sepsis grave


Objective. To establish the association between parameters indicative of delay and failure in the resuscitation and mortality in patients with severe sepsis, and to describe the pattern of use of vasoactive drugs in patients with septic shock. Design. Prospective cohorts study. Context. Seven polyvalent Intensive Care Units (ICU) in Spain. Patients and method. Patients with severe sepsis admitted consecutively in the participating UCIs over 1 month. Primary endpoints. Variables related to resuscitation interventions, persistence of a state of insufficient resuscitation, organs dysfunction, use of vasoactive drugs, and mortality in ICU were evaluated. Results. Global mortality was 40%. In comparison with patients who survive, those which die show greater SAPS II scoring (p = 0.02), greater number of organs with failure (p = 0.01), and lower GCS scores at admission (p = 0.001). Oliguria and hypotension lenght, as well as the period of vasopressor drugs administration were univariately related to prognosis. The more prevalent pattern of vasoactive drugs use was that of norepinephrine alone (60% of patients with hypotension) or that of norepinephrine in combination with dopamine with doses lower than 5 µg/kg/ min (32% of patients with hypotension). Conclusion. In severe sepsis not only indicative parameters of tissue hypoperfusion at admission are variables related to mortality, but also the lenght of tissue hypoperfusion and shock. These results support the concept that early application of resuscitation and therapeutic measures that avoid or diminish the lenght of tissue hypoperfusion can improve the prognosis of severe sepsis


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/statistics & numerical data , Shock, Septic/therapy , Sepsis/therapy , Multiple Organ Failure/therapy , Multiple Organ Failure/mortality , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Cause of Death , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/therapy
2.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 29(4): 236-239, mayo 2005. ilus, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-036732

ABSTRACT

La hipertensión endocraneal es una complicación frecuente en el traumatismo craneoencefálico grave apareciendo hasta en el 50%-75% de los casos. En ocasiones no se consigue controlar la hipertensión endocraneal a pesar del tratamiento. En estos casos la mortalidad alcanza el 84%-100%. El drenaje lumbar externo es una opción terapéutica en la hipertensión endocraneal refractaria. Aunque su uso fundamental ha sido en pacientes pediátricos, también existe experiencia en pacientes adultos. En la literatura se refiere que esta técnica frecuentemente controla la presión intracraneal y se asocia a una escasa incidencia de complicaciones graves. Presentamos nuestra experiencia en el uso del drenaje lumbar externo en 4 pacientes ingresados por traumatismo craneoencefálico grave que tuvieron una hipertensión endocraneal refractaria al tratamiento habitual, que se controló con el drenaje lumbar externo


Endocranial hypertension is a frequent complication in severe head trauma appearing up to in 50-75% of cases. At times it is impossible to manage endocranial hypertension despite the treatment, and in these cases mortality reaches 84-100%. External lumbar drainage is a therapeutic option in refractory endocranial hypertension. Although it has been used predominantly in pediatric patients there is also experience in adult patients. The literature shows that this technique frequently controls intracranial pressure and that is associated with a limited incidence of serious complications. We present our experience in the use of external lumbar drainage in four patients admitted because of severe head trauma who showed refractory to the habitual treatment; endocranial hypertension in this case was controlled with external lumbar drainage


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Humans , Intracranial Hypertension/surgery , Drainage/methods , Craniocerebral Trauma/surgery , Glasgow Coma Scale/statistics & numerical data , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
3.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 28(8): 428-430, nov. 2004. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-35458

ABSTRACT

La incidencia de la trombocitopenia inducida por heparina tipo II (TIH-II) es aproximadamente un 1 por ciento, pero puede ser más elevada en pacientes postoperados de cirugía cardíaca. La TIH-II puede ocasionar una elevada morbimortalidad en relación con sus complicaciones trombóticas, especialmente si no se diagnostica precozmente. Presentamos el caso de una TIH-II desarrollada en el postoperatorio de una anuloplastia mitral. Se revisan sus mecanismos fisiopatológicos, la importancia de la sospecha clínica ante la presencia de trombos resistentes a la terapia anticoagulante habitual y la complejidad del tratamiento (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Heparin/adverse effects , Heparin/therapeutic use , Thrombocytopenia/diagnosis , Thrombocytopenia/surgery , Thrombocytopenia/epidemiology , Mitral Valve/surgery , Mitral Valve/physiopathology , Thrombosis/complications , Thrombosis/diagnosis , Thrombosis/therapy , Thoracic Surgery/methods , Thoracic Surgery/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/physiopathology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Gastrectomy/methods
4.
Nutr Hosp ; 19(2): 95-8, 2004.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15049411

ABSTRACT

GOAL: There are no gold standards on the duration and frequency of the measurement of indirect calorimetry, a fact of importance in daily clinical practice. An assessment of is made of the degree of concordance between energy expenditure at rest (EER) measured over a short interval (10 minutes) versus another prolonged measurement (1 hour). PATIENTS: Sixty critically-ill patients, under sedation and analgesia with connection to mechanical ventilation, were studied. INTERVENTIONS: EER values were determined by means of a metabolic computer analysis (Engström Eliza) at rest. The reproducibility and the degree of concordance were assessed in the measurements made with both periods. RESULTS: The mean values of the EER determinations at 10 and 60 minutes were 1,818 +/- 319 kilocalories/day and 1,815 +/- 318 Kcal/day. The limits of the concordance between both times were -101 and +117 kilocalories/day and the correlation was significant (r = 0.98, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In critically-ill patients under sedation and with mechanical ventilation, the measurement of EER may be taken over short periods of time (10 minutes) providing that baseline examination conditions are met, thus giving greater availability of the resources used to study indirect calorimetry.


Subject(s)
Calorimetry, Indirect , Critical Illness , Energy Metabolism , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors
5.
Nutr. hosp ; 19(2): 95-98, mar. 2004. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-30689

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: No existen estándares definidos sobre la duración y frecuencia de la medición de la calorimetría indirecta, hecho que tiene importancia en la práctica asistencial diaria. Se valora el grado de concordancia entre el gasto energético en reposo (GER) medido en un espacio de tiempo corto (10 minutos) frente a otro prolongado (1 hora).Pacientes: Se estudiaron 60 pacientes críticos, sedoanalgesiados y conectados a ventilación mecánica. Intervenciones: El GER se determinó mediante un computador metabólico (Engström Eliza) en condiciones de reposo. Se valoró la reproducibilidad y el grado de acuerdo de las mediciones hechas en ambos períodos de tiempo. Resultados: Los valores medios de las determinaciones de GER a 10 y 60 minutos fueron de 1818 ñ 319 Kilocalorías/día y de 1815 ñ 318 Kcal/día. Los límites de acuerdo entre ambos tiempos fueron de -101 a + 117 Kilocalorías/día y la correlación fue significativa (r = 0.98, p < 0,0001).Conclusiones: En los pacientes críticos, sedados y en ventilación mecánica, la medición del GER puede hacerse en períodos de tiempo cortos (10 minutos) siempre que se cumplan unas condiciones basales de exploración, lo que permite una mayor disponibilidad de los recursos usados para el estudio de la calorimetría indirecta. (AU)


Goal: There are no gold standards on the duration and frequency of the measurement of indirect calorimetry, a fact of importance in daily clinical practice. An assessment of is made of the degree of concordance between energy expenditure at rest (EER) measured over a short interval (10 minutes) versus another prolonged measurement (1 hour). Patients: Sixty critically-ill patients, under sedation and analgesia with connection to mechanical ventilation, were studied. Interventions: EER values were determined by means of a metabolic computer analysis (Engström Eliza) at rest. The reproducibility and the degree of concordance were assessed in the measurements made with both periods. Results: The mean values of the EER determinations at 10 and 60 minutes were 1,818 ± 319 kilocalories/day and 1,815 ± 318 Kcal/day. The limits of the concordance between both times were -101 and +117 kilocalories/day and the correlation was significant (r = 0.98, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: In critically-ill patients under sedation and with mechanical ventilation, the measurement of EER may be taken over short periods of time (10 minutes) providing that baseline examination conditions are met, thus giving greater availability of the resources used to study indirect calorimetry (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Energy Metabolism , Critical Illness , Calorimetry, Indirect , Time Factors , Reproducibility of Results
6.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 27(8): 525-530, oct. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-26641

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Valorar en un grupo de pacientes con shock séptico si existe relación entre el valor basal de cortisol en suero y su incremento tras la estimulación de la glándula suprarrenal con hormona adrenocorticotropa (ACTH) sintética, y conocer la incidencia de insuficiencia suprarrenal relativa (ISR) y su repercusión sobre la mortalidad. Pacientes y método. Se ha estudiado a 29 pacientes, no consecutivos, con el diagnóstico de shock séptico. Para valorar la funcionalidad del eje hipotalámico-pituitario-suprarrenal se utilizó el test de estimulación corto de la glándula suprarrenal mediante la administración intravenosa de 250 µg de ACTH sintética. Se determinó en suero el cortisol basal y a los 30 y 60 min de la administración de la ACTH. Se consideró como disfunción del eje hipotalámico-pituitario-suprarrenal (HPS) un incremento del cortisol basal igual o inferior a 9 µg/dl a los 30 o 60 min. Resultados. No hubo relación estadísticamente significativa (r2 = 0,10; p = 0,09) entre el valor basal de cortisol en suero y el incremento de cortisol tras la estimulación de la glándula suprarrenal con ACTH sintética. Dieciocho pacientes (62 por ciento) presentaron un incremento del cortisol 9 µg/dl a los 30 y 60 min de la administración de la ACTH sintética. La mortalidad fue más elevada en los pacientes con ISR que en los que no la presentaban (9/18 [50 por ciento] frente a 1/11 [9,1 por ciento]; riesgo relativo: 10; intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95 por ciento: 1,05-95; p = 0,02).Conclusiones. No hemos observado relación entre el valor basal de cortisol y la falta de respuesta al test corto de estimulación de la glándula suprarrenal con ACTH sintética. La incidencia de insuficiencia suprarrenal relativa es elevada en los pacientes en shock séptico y se asocia con una mayor mortalidad (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Male , Humans , Shock, Septic/complications , Shock, Septic/diagnosis , Adrenal Gland Diseases/etiology , Adrenal Gland Diseases/drug therapy , Hydrocortisone/therapeutic use , Steroids/therapeutic use , Mortality
7.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 27(7): 498-500, ago. 2003. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-26636

ABSTRACT

A pesar del uso de la dexametasona, la mortalidad de la meningitis bacteriana aguda (MBA) continúa siendo elevada en los casos que precisan ingreso en UCI. Este hecho podría relacionarse, entre otros factores, con la presencia de hipertensión endocraneal (HTEC), que en la mayoría de ocasiones no es tratada de modo intensivo. El estudio de Doppler transcraneal con codificación de color (DTCC), una técnica no invasora que nos permite monitorizar la hemodinámica cerebral, seleccionaría a un grupo de pacientes con alta sospecha de HTEC, permitiendo un tratamiento más agresivo de estos pacientes, que incluiría el tratamiento neurocrítico como en el traumatismo craneoencefálico. Presentamos un caso clínico de una meningitis bacteriana aguda tratada según los resultados obtenidos en el DTCC. La paciente recibió tratamiento con manitol y coma barbitúrico, con un resultado favorable. (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Intracranial Hypertension/complications , Intracranial Hypertension/diagnosis , Neisseria meningitidis/isolation & purification , Meningitis, Meningococcal/complications , Mannitol/therapeutic use , Cefotaxime/therapeutic use , Intracranial Hypertension/therapy , Coma/chemically induced , Thiopental , Meningitis, Meningococcal/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis, Meningococcal/drug therapy , Acute Disease , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color , Treatment Outcome
8.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 26(8): 407-412, oct. 2002. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-16644

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Revisar la evidencia científica existente en la bibliografía respecto al empleo de dosis altas de barbitúricos en el traumatismo craneoencefálico grave (TCEG), haciendo especial hincapié en su efecto sobre la mortalidad y el control de la presión intracraneal (PIC).Fuente de datos. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Medline de los últimos 30 años con las siguientes palabras: barbiturate, pentobarbital, thiopental. Resultados. El uso de barbitúricos en el TCEG se remonta a más de 6 décadas, aunque es a mediados de los años setenta cuando se comenzó a publicar series de casos, de los que se puede concluir que los barbitúricos tenían un efecto terapéutico al controlar la PIC elevada y que la falta de control de la PIC conllevaba un peor pronóstico. Hasta la fecha no se ha publicado ningún estudio que haya demostrado una mejora en la mortalidad de los pacientes con TCEG tratados con altas dosis de barbitúricos. El estudio de Eisenberg es un estudio prospectivo, aleatorizado, multicéntrico y cruzado en el que en el análisis de regresión logística, el tratamiento con barbitúricos a dosis elevadas tuvo una probabilidad de controlar la PIC 5-6 veces mayor que el tratamiento convencional. Conclusiones. El empleo de barbitúricos a altas dosis en el TCEG puede controlar la PIC cuando otros tratamientos han fracasado. Dicha afirmación se basa en estudios que son series de casos y en un trabajo prospectivo aleatorizado (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Barbiturates/therapeutic use , Intracranial Hypertension/drug therapy , Craniocerebral Trauma/drug therapy , Coma/chemically induced , Barbiturates/classification , Barbiturates/history , Severity of Illness Index
11.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 24(7): 300-303, oct. 2000. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-3507

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Valorar, en pacientes con respiración espontánea, el efecto de la reducción simulada del diámetro interno del tubo endotraqueal (TET) desde 8 a 7 mm sobre el consumo de oxígeno (V.O2) y la frecuencia respiratoria. Métodos. Durante la desconexión de la ventilación mecánica, en doce pacientes que mantenían una correcta respiración espontánea a través de un TET, medimos el V.O2 y la producción de CO2 (V.CO2) en dos ocasiones, una con un TET de 8 mm de diámetro interno ( ) y otra con un conector de un TET de 6 mm de , que simula la resistencia al flujo de aire de un TET de 7 mm de . Medimos el V.O2 y la V.CO2 con el método del circuito abierto mediante un espirómetro Wright y un analizador de gases IL-1312 (Izasa, España). Se ha utilizado la prueba de la "t" de Student para datos pareados. Se consideró significativo un valor de p < 0,05.Resultados. La reducción del del TET de 8 a 7 mm se acompañó de un incremento en el V.O2 de 8 (DE 13) ml/min (límites de -12 a 27 ml/min, 95 por ciento IC de -1 a 16 ml/min; p = 0,07) y en la V.CO2 de 9 (DE 8) ml/min (límites de -6 a 16 ml/min, 95 por ciento IC de 4 a 14 ml/min; p = 0,002). La frecuencia respiratoria disminuyó de 26 a 25 rpm (p = 0,07). Conclusión. Durante la desconexión de la ventilación mecánica, en pacientes con buena tolerancia a la respiración espontánea en "tubo en T", la reducción del diámetro interno del tubo endotraqueal de 8 a 7 mm no modifica el consumo de O2, ni la frecuencia respiratoria, de forma clínicamente relevante. (AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Intubation, Intratracheal/methods , Intubation, Intratracheal , Oxygen Consumption , Oxygen Consumption/physiology , Respiration/physiology , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects , 16136 , Carbon Monoxide/toxicity , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Craniocerebral Trauma/diagnosis , Carbon Monoxide Poisoning/diagnosis
12.
Nutr Hosp ; 13(6): 303-8, 1998.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9889555

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: The objectives of this study ere to assess the reproducibility of the energy expenditure at rest in patients with mechanical ventilation, using the indirect calorimetry method and the Fick principle, and to verify whether both methods of measuring the energy expenditure, are interchangeable. 15 critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation were studied. Each study consisted of the determination, in duplicate, of the energy expenditure at rest, using indirect calorimetry and the Fick principle. Each patient was studied on two occasions, thus yielding a total of 30 studies. The determination of the energy expenditure at rest using indirect calorimetry was carried out using an apparatus based on the closed circuit method (Calorimet), and the Fick principle was carried out using a thermodilution catheter placed in the pulmonary artery. The reproducibility coefficient of the indirect calorimetry method was 132 kcal/day, which is equivalent to 7% of the average energy expenditure at rest. The reproducibility coefficient of the Fick method was 344 kcal/day, which is equivalent to 18% of the average energy expenditure at rest. The difference between both methods, 6 +/- 50 kcal/day, was not significant. The corresponding limits in both methods were between-306 kcal/day and 294 kcal/day, which is equivalent to 15% of the average energy expenditure at rest. CONCLUSIONS: The determination of the energy expenditure at rest using the Fick method, has a worse reproducibility coefficient that obtained by indirect calorimetry, but from a clinical point of view, both methods are interchangeable.


Subject(s)
Calorimetry/methods , Cardiac Output/physiology , Energy Metabolism , Rest/physiology , Critical Care , Humans , Reproducibility of Results , Respiration, Artificial , Shock, Cardiogenic
16.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 77(5): 195-9, 1981 Sep 25.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7329140

ABSTRACT

The electrocardiogram as a diagnostic aid in acute myocardial infarction of the right ventricle (AMI-RV) was studied prospectively in a group of 66 patients in our coronary unit. Diagnosis was AMI in all cases, divided into 29 (44%) with posterior-descending and 35 (53%) with anterior location. Electrocardiography was practiced with standard and special modes: CRnR, CR and VR. Thirty-nine patients were hemodynamically monitored. In 13 patients with posterior-descending location (19.6%) the hemodynamic pattern disclosed AMI. Right ventricular dysfunction was found in 17%, left ventricular dysfunction in 9% and biventricular dysfunction in 20%. In 30 patients (45.5%) ST increased to greater than 1 mm CR3R-CR6R of which 77% were false positive and 46% false negative. No improvement in these proportions was observed with the use of special mode, special in infarctions with anterior location. The correlation between hemodynamics-site of necrosis was better than that between hemodynamics-increase in ST in CRnR. The authors draw the conclusion that special modes as an aid to diagnosis are of limited value, sensitivity is 54% and specificity is 23%, which rises to 50% in posterior-descending infarctions. At present hemodynamics are the choice diagnostic procedure for AMI-RV which must be suspected if serial studies disclose PVC of more than 9 mm Hg.


Subject(s)
Electrocardiography , Hemodynamics , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Female , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Myocardium/pathology , Necrosis , Prospective Studies
17.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 77(3): 98-103, 1981 Jul 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6792429

ABSTRACT

In order to evaluate alterations in lung mechanisms detected in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), changes in arterial oxygenation and pulmonary volume in relation to the hemodynamic status were measured in 19 patients with acute MI. Pulmonary volume was determined with spirometry and helium dilution closed technic at 24 and 72 hours and two months after acute MI. The first finding was decreased arterial PO2: 328 +/- 29 mm/Hg (mean +/- SE) which had significantly risen by the third day: 423 +/- 20 mm/Hg (p less than 0.02). This disturbance was accompanied by an increased pulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt) and VD/VT relation, which improved with time but did not return to normal. A manifest relationship was not found between the degree of hypoxemia and diminished functional residual capacity (FRC). During the acute phase lung volume was normal while patients were seated but upon assuming a supine position, vital capacity (VC), total lung capacity (TLC) and RV/TLC were altered considerably. The VC and RV/TLC alterations were significantly altered in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. No significant changes were found in pulmonary values during the acute phase and VC and TV/TLC had improved considerably two months later. It is probable that increased interstitial pulmonary edema bears the main responsibility for these alterations, including in uncomplicated acute MI.


Subject(s)
Lung Volume Measurements , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Adult , Aged , Carbon Dioxide/blood , Hemodynamics , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Oxygen/blood , Partial Pressure , Posture , Pulmonary Edema/etiology , Time Factors
18.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 73(10): 403-9, 1979 Dec 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-529861

ABSTRACT

With the objective of evaluating the clinical usefulness of a new immunologic method (Merck-1-Test CK-MB), in the determination of the CK-MB activity, 48 patients admitted to the Coronary Unit for angina pectoris were studied. Samples of blood were gathered upon admission and every 4 hours for 48-72 hours, determining in each one of them the total CPK, SGOT, LDH, and CK-MB; electrocardiograms (ECG) were taken and all possible causes for the increase in the enzymatic activity were recorded. Results were analyzed in order to study the following aspects: in the patients in which an acute myocardial infarction was diagnosed the CK-MB activity was studied, also the relation of CK-MB to the remaining parameters, each parameter's sensitivity and specificity and the relationship of the CK-MB to the prognosis of the patients. The usefulness of CF-MB in the differential diagnosis of myocardial necrosis and variations in the total CKP curve in the clinical course of acute myocardial infarction unrelated to myocardial necrosis were evaluated too. The following conclusions were drawn from the analysis of the data. The immunological method has the advantages of its sensitivity and easily and quickly performance (15 minutes), but it has the disadvantage that it detects CK-BB (elevated in cebrovascular disorders). Twenty-four hours after the onset of symptoms, the negativity of CK-MB does not exclude the diagnosis of a myocardial necrosis. CK-MB is more sensitive than total CPK in diagnosing the extent of the area of necrosis. CK-MB is very specific for myocardial necrosis but less sensitive than other parameters. A positive CK-MB upon the patient's admission confirmed the diagnosis of necrosis in 60 percent of the cases, but in 18 percent error was induced because of false positives. CK-MB permitted confirmations of the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in 33 percent of cases in which there was only a suggestion of necrosis by the ECG. The variation in the curve of total CPK in the course of an acute myocardial infarction is subjected to such a great number of factors intercurrent with time, that caution should be exercised in trying to relate a specific elevation of total CPK to an unsuccessful maneuver or to a possible extension of the area of necrosis.


Subject(s)
Creatine Kinase/blood , Myocardial Infarction/enzymology , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Isoenzymes , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis
19.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 73(4): 149-52, 1979 Aug 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-481012

ABSTRACT

The total lung capacity (TLC) and its subdivisions along with the forced spirometric values (FEF25-75 and FEV1) were determined in a group of 44 healthy subjects, composed of 29 women and 15 men. The determinations were carried out in a sitting position and in supine position, breathing air. All the pulmonary volumes diminished when the subject lay down, but the functional residual capacity (FRC) was that which underwent a greater reduction. The residual volume decrease was the only one which did not reach statistically significant levels. Women always showed smaller pulmonary volumes than men. It has been demonstrated that FRC can be exactly measured by means of the closed helium technique. The regression figures of FRC in supine position were determinted for both sexes, with a r = 0,33 (p less than 0,1) in women and r = 0,95 (p less than 0.001) in men. The forced spirometric tests did not undergo any important changes although the reduction of the FEV1 was significant in both sexes. The results obtained were compared with those published by other authors.


Subject(s)
Posture , Respiratory Function Tests , Adult , Female , Humans , Lung/physiology , Lung Volume Measurements , Male , Spirometry , Total Lung Capacity
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