[Characteristic features of urinary calcium excretion and osteoporosis risk factors in patients with urolithiasis].

RELEVANCE: The prevalence of urolithiasis and osteoporosis (OP) indicates that these diseases may be found concurrently in the same patient. The detection of risk factors for OP and disorders of calcium metabolism in patients with urolithiasis is of interest in the context of primary stone formation and metaphylaxis. AIM: To identify risk factors for osteoporosis and disorders of calcium metabolism in patients with urolithiasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Osteoporosis risk factors were studied in 45 urolithiasis patients undergoing surgical treatment. Patients were asked to fill out the osteoporosis risk factor questionnaire, and urinary calcium excretion was measured in 24-h collections. RESULTS: Risk factors for osteoporosis were detected in 20 (44.4%) urolithiasis patients. Patients with osteoporosis risk factors identified by the questionnaire were statistically significantly older (p=0.032). Osteoporosis risk factors were found in 20% of patients with newly diagnosed urolithiasis and 24.4% of patients with recurrent urolithiasis. The study patients showed increased urinary calcium excretion and decreased diuresis. The negative correlation between urinary calcium excretion and 24-h diuresis was greater in patients who had than in those who did not have osteoporosis. CONCLUSION: An increase in urinary calcium excretion and a decrease in diuresis can be a predisposing factor for the recurrence of urolithiasis. In patients with risk factors for osteoporosis, it can provide a rationale for administering drugs aimed at preventing stone formation (thiazide diuretics).

[Plant-derived terpenes in treating patients with urolithiasis].

Numerous metabolic abnormalities intrinsic to urolithiasis require drug therapy. At the same time, despite the constant expansion of synthetic drugs, plant-derived medications play a large role in the treatment and prevention of the disease. AIM: To evaluate the effect of a plant-derived preparation Rowatinex in patients with urolithiasis after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and analyze the changes in blood and urine parameters in patients receiving the preparation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Depending on the type of post-ESWL treatment, patients were divided into two groups. After ESWL, patients of group A (n=107) and group B (n=50) were administered Rowatinex and antispasmodic drugs, respectively. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Clearance of stone fragments after ESWL within 1-5 days was achieved in 76 (71.1%) patients of group A and in 20 (40.4%) of group B. Analysis of the effect of the therapy on blood count, biochemistry tests and 24h excretion (magnesium, uric acid, calcium, etc.) did not reveal significant differences between group A group B and reference values. Increased diuresis caused by antispasmodic effects of Rowatinex resulted in the complete clearance of stone fragments. Urinalysis in patients of the two groups showed decreased leukocyturia. Furthermore, stabilization of urine pH within the 6.2-6.8 was noted in group A, which is important and necessary in metaphylaxis of recurrent stone formation. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of Rowatinex increases the percentage of stone fragment clearance after ESWL and reduces pain intensity. Rowatinex reduces leukocyturia, increases 24h diuresis and stabilizes the pH of urine. Increasing and stabilizing urine pH in patients with calcium oxalate and urate stones reduces the risk of recurrence after ESWL. No complications associated with Rowatinex were reported, allowing long-term administration of the preparation in the complex lithokinetic therapy and for metaphylaxis of recurrent stone formation.