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INTRODUCTION: This academic article discusses the historical underrepresentation of female in science, with a focus on Latin America. It highlights the importance of both technical and non-technical skills in the medical-surgical field, particularly the role of research skills. The study aims to quantify and characterize the scientific output of Latin American female researchers over the past decade, providing insights into the challenges and opportunities in low and middle-income countries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional bibliometric study was conducted in 2023, focusing on pediatric surgical science journals in Scopus and PubMed. It assessed Latin American female participation, journal details, and interaction networks, using SPSS and Gephi software. The period analyzed was from January 2012 to December 2022. RESULTS: Between 2012 and 2022, 727 articles with Latin authorship in pediatric surgery were analyzed across 304 journals. Of these, 63.69% had female co-authors. The majority were original articles (53.13%), with contributions from Brazil, Mexico, and Chile. Notable journals included the Journal of Pediatric Surgery and Child's Nervous System. Keywords like Laparoscopy and Cardiac surgery were common. A growth trend in female Latin American publications was observed, despite temporary declines. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights a growing trend in Latin American females' scientific contributions to pediatric surgery from 2012 to 2022, although a gender gap persists. The research mainly consists of primary data studies, with a focus on Brazil and Mexico from public institutions. The Journal of Pediatric Surgery featured prominently, and common topics included Laparoscopy, Cardiac surgery, Liver transplant, Congenital heart defects, and COVID-19. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
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INTRODUCTION: The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to increase in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Vaccination is recommended in this patient population, and the effect of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) on response to vaccination should be considered. METHODS: This prospective, observational, cross-sectional study investigated humoral response after COVID-19 vaccination as well as possible predictors for response in patients with MS and other neuroinflammatory diseases who received DMTs in routine clinical practice in Spain. Responses were compared versus those seen in healthy controls. RESULTS: After vaccination against COVID-19, most patients with MS developed an immune response comparable to that of healthy individuals. However, approximately half of patients receiving a sphingosine-1-phosphate modulator (SP1-M, fingolimod or siponimod) or a B-cell-depleting agent (aCD20, ocrelizumab or rituximab) did not develop protective antibodies, although patients receiving other DMTs had humoral immune responses comparable to healthy controls. Lymphocyte count was not associated with reduced humoral response in patients receiving an SP1-M or aCD20, whereas, in patients receiving an aCD20 or SP1-M, older age was associated with lower anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein immunoglobulin G antibody levels. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with aCD20 or SP1-M therapies appears to be associated with a lower humoral response to vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Vaccination prior to initiation of these DMTs should be recommended whenever possible.
ABSTRACT
Para llevar a cabo tal investigación y debido a la situación actual que se vive por el COVID 19 , se pudo contactar de manera virtual a distintos psicomotricistas que trabajan con dicha población, permitiendo tener un panorama más amplio sobre cómo es que ellos emplean la contención. Los resultados ayudaran a comprender de manera más profunda que implica la contención en la intervención psicomotriz en niños con TEA, permitiendo al psicomotricista emplearla de manera idónea de manera que favorezca no solo al niño sino también a la familia.
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The CII protein of temperate coliphage 186, like the unrelated CII protein of phage λ, is a transcriptional activator that primes expression of the CI immunity repressor and is critical for efficient establishment of lysogeny. 186-CII is also highly unstable, and we show that in vivo degradation is mediated by both FtsH and RseP. We investigated the role of CII instability by constructing a 186 phage encoding a protease resistant CII. The stabilised-CII phage was defective in the lysis-lysogeny decision: choosing lysogeny with close to 100% frequency after infection, and forming prophages that were defective in entering lytic development after UV treatment. While lysogenic CI concentration was unaffected by CII stabilisation, lysogenic transcription and CI expression was elevated after UV. A stochastic model of the 186 network after infection indicated that an unstable CII allowed a rapid increase in CI expression without a large overshoot of the lysogenic level, suggesting that instability enables a decisive commitment to lysogeny with a rapid attainment of sensitivity to prophage induction.
Subject(s)
ATP-Dependent Proteases/genetics , Coliphages/genetics , Endopeptidases/genetics , Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics , Escherichia coli/genetics , Lysogeny , Membrane Proteins/genetics , Prophages/genetics , Viral Proteins/genetics , ATP-Dependent Proteases/metabolism , Coliphages/growth & development , Coliphages/metabolism , Coliphages/radiation effects , Endopeptidases/metabolism , Escherichia coli/metabolism , Escherichia coli/radiation effects , Escherichia coli/virology , Escherichia coli Proteins/metabolism , Membrane Proteins/metabolism , Models, Statistical , Prophages/growth & development , Prophages/metabolism , Prophages/radiation effects , Protein Stability/radiation effects , Proteolysis/radiation effects , Stochastic Processes , Transcriptional Activation , Ultraviolet Rays , Viral Proteins/metabolismABSTRACT
Decoration of virus-like particles (VLPs) expands the repertory of functions these particles can display. In the last years, VLPs have successfully been used as scaffolds to present different molecules, frequently through the specific reaction of chemical groups on the surface of the particles, or by protein engineering when the presentation of peptides or proteins is the primary goal. VLPs of parvovirus B19 (B19V), have been previously produced in vitro and its stability and ability to assemble into hybrid particles composed of wild-type and chimeric proteins evidenced their potential as research tools. Herein, we report the presentation of functional proteins on the surface of B19V VLPs, through the fusion of the gene coding for the heterologous protein within the gene coding for the structural protein VP2. Two model proteins were used for the construction of chimeras, a lipase from Bacillus pumilus (BplA) and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Both chimeras were folded and successfully assembled in vitro into VLPs. While the BplA chimera exhibited esterase activity, the chimera of EGFP showed no fluorescence. We replaced the EGFP by its fast-folding derivative "super folder GFP" (sfGFP) flanked by larger linkers to increase its movement freedom, which resulted in fluorescent protein able to assemble fluorescent VLPs. These results expand the toolbox for VLP decoration as well as for the construction of new nanobiomaterials.
Subject(s)
Parvovirus B19, Human/metabolism , Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism , Virion/metabolism , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics , Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism , Lipase/genetics , Lipase/metabolism , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Nanoparticles/metabolism , Particle Size , Parvovirus B19, Human/genetics , Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics , Virion/geneticsABSTRACT
La presente investigación tiene como objeto de estudio los Factores deriesgo asociados a hipertensión arterial, Teupasenti, El ParaísoHonduras 2014, tomando en cuenta que esta patología demuestra ocuparel primer lugar entre la enfermedades crónicas no transmitirles de esta zonadel país.En tal sentido este documento permite a la autoridad de salud competente,la toma de decisiones que orienten la implementación de estrategias en labúsqueda de estilos de vida saludables para los habitantes, como medidade prevención.Se ha planteado el problema a partir de cuatro interrogantes como: ¿Cuálesson los factores de riesgo asociados a la hipertensión arterial sistémica enpersonas mayores de 30 años que asisten a los servicios del centro de saludmedico odontológico de Teupasenti, El Paraíso, en 2014? , ¿Qué factoressocio demográficos se asocian a hipertensión arterial?; ¿Cuáles son losfactores individuales asociados a hipertensión arterial sistémica? ¿Influiránlos factores relacionados al estilo de vida con la hipertensión arterialsistémica? El estudio hace referencia a la teoría relacionada con la clasificaciónetiológica de la hipertensión arterial, repercusiones viscerales, HTA deladulto, del anciano, factores de riesgo que contribuyen al desarrollo de lahipertensión arterial: factores de riesgo modificable y no modificable, citando:edad, género, raza, antecedentes patológicos; factores de riesgomodificables directos (tabaquismo, consumo de alcohol); modificablesindirectos (obesidad, sedentarismo).La metodología permite que los datos presentados respondan a la realidadseñalada, ya que desarrolla un estudio que integra personas mayores de 30años de edad, que acuden a los servicios de consulta médica, utilizando latécnica de entrevista verbal y cuestionario con variables de estudio definidas...
