ABSTRACT
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) types based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns with HaeIII were investigated in clinical isolates of Sporothrix schenckii in North and South America. In addition to 14 mtDNA types (Types 1-14) so far reported, six new mtDNA types, Types 15-20 were found in this study. Type 3 was divided into two subtypes, Subtype 3A and Subtype 3B based on RFLP with Msp1. Type 14 was also divided into three subtypes, Subtype 14A, Subtype 14B and Subtype 14C based on RFLP with Hha1. Nineteen isolates in the United States consisted of 1 isolate of Type 1, 12 of Type 2, 2 of Type 4, 3 of Type 14 (1 of Subtype 14B and 2 of Subtype 14C) and 1 of Type 15. Twenty nine isolates in Venezuela consisted of 13 of Type 3 (Subtype 3B), 6 of Type 4, 1 of Type 18, 3 of Type 19 and 6 of Type 20. Thirteen isolates in Argentina consisted of 2 of Type 3 (Subtype 3A), 4 of Type 4, 4 of Type 16 and 3 of Type 17. One isolate in Brazil was Type 3 (Subtype 3A). Based on the phylogeny of 20 mtDNA types (Types 1-20) constructed by estimating sequence divergences of mtDNA, mtDNA types were clustered into two groups: Group A (Types 1-3, Type 11 and Types 14-19) and Group B (Types 4-10, Types 12-13 and Type 20). These results suggest that S. schenckii isolates in North and South America mainly belong to Group A.
Subject(s)
DNA, Mitochondrial/analysis , Sporothrix/classification , Sporothrix/genetics , DNA, Fungal/analysis , Humans , Mycological Typing Techniques , North America/epidemiology , Phylogeny , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , South America/epidemiology , Sporothrix/isolation & purification , Sporotrichosis/epidemiology , Sporotrichosis/microbiologyABSTRACT
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) types using restriction patterns with HaeIII were investigated in 21 clinical isolates of Sporothrix schenckii in Costa Rica. Nineteen isolates were found to be a new mtDNA type (Type 14), while the remaining two were Type 3 and Type 6. Based on the phylogeny of 14 mtDNA types constructed by estimating sequence divergences of mtDNA, S. schenckii were clustered into two main groups: Group A and Group B, with Type 14 and Type 3 included in Group A, and Type 6 in Group B. The results suggest that isolates of Group A may exist mainly in Central America including Costa Rica.
Subject(s)
DNA, Fungal/genetics , DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , Genetic Variation , Sporothrix/genetics , Costa Rica , Japan , Phylogeny , Restriction MappingABSTRACT
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity was investigated in 38 isolants of Cladosporium carrionii in Africa (3 isolants), Australia (10), China (15) and Venezuela (10). C. carrionii was classified into 4 mtDNA types (Type I to Type IV) based on the restriction patterns with MspI, Sau3AI and HaeIII. All the 15 strains in China and 9 of 10 strains in Venezuela showed Type I, while all the 10 strains in Australia showed Type II. These results suggested a correlation between the mtDNA types and geographic origin.