ABSTRACT
It is known and accepted that the gut microbiota composition of an organism has an impact on its health. Many studies deal with this topic, the majority discussing gastrointestinal health. Adenomatous colon polyps have a high prevalence as colon cancer precursors, but in many cases, they are hard to diagnose in their early stages. Gut microbiota composition correlated with the presence of adenomatous colon polyps may be a noninvasive and efficient tool for diagnosis with a high impact on human wellbeing and favorable health care costs. This review is meant to analyze the gut microbiota correlated with the presence of adenomatous colon polyps as the first step for early diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment.
Subject(s)
Adenomatous Polyps/microbiology , Colonic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Colonic Polyps/microbiology , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics , Adenomatous Polyps/diagnosis , Adenomatous Polyps/genetics , Colon/microbiology , Colon/pathology , Colonic Diseases/diagnosis , Colonic Diseases/genetics , Colonic Diseases/microbiology , Colonic Neoplasms/genetics , Colonic Neoplasms/microbiology , Colonic Polyps/diagnosis , Colonic Polyps/genetics , Colonoscopy , HumansABSTRACT
Iron deficiency in the human body is a global issue with an impact on more than two billion individuals worldwide. The most important functions ensured by adequate amounts of iron in the body are related to transport and storage of oxygen, electron transfer, mediation of oxidation-reduction reactions, synthesis of hormones, the replication of DNA, cell cycle restoration and control, fixation of nitrogen, and antioxidant effects. In the case of iron deficiency, even marginal insufficiencies may impair the proper functionality of the human body. On the other hand, an excess in iron concentration has a major impact on the gut microbiota composition. There are several non-genetic causes that lead to iron deficiencies, and thus, several approaches in their treatment. The most common methods are related to food fortifications and supplements. In this review, following a summary of iron metabolism and its health implications, we analyzed the scientific literature for the influence of iron fortification and supplementation on the gut microbiome and the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and/or synbiotics in iron absorption and availability for the organism.
