Long-Term Quality of Life of Melanoma Survivors Is Comparable to that of the General Population.

BACKGROUND/AIM: There is a growing need for information regarding the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of cancer survivors. This study aimed to assess the HRQoL of patients treated for cutaneous malignant melanoma between 1980 and 2004 in the Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital district and compare the results to the general population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HRQoL of 981 cutaneous melanoma patients (aged 13 to 97 years, 56.1% female) was assessed using the generic 15D instrument and compared to the general population. The association between demographic and clinical factors and HRQoL was analyzed using oneway ANOVA, student's t-test and multivariate regression. RESULTS: The mean 15D score of melanoma patients was slightly lower (0.904) than that of the general population (0.911, p=0.027), but the difference was not statistically significant. HRQoL deteriorates with age and metastatic disease and improves with time. CONCLUSION: No evidence was found that long-term HRQoL of melanoma survivors was worse than the general population.

Reduction mammaplasty in patients with history of breast cancer: The incidence of occult cancer and high-risk lesions.

INTRODUCTION: Contralateral reduction mammaplasty is regularly included in the treatment of breast cancer patients. We analyzed the incidence of occult breast cancer and high-risk lesions in reduction mammaplasty specimens of women with previous breast cancer. We also analyzed if timing of reduction mammaplasty in relation to oncological treatment influenced the incidence of abnormal findings, and compared if patients with abnormal contralateral histopathology differed from the study population in terms of demographics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study consisted of 329 breast cancer patients, who underwent symmetrizing reduction mammaplasty between 1/2007 and 12/2011. The data was retrospectively analyzed for demographics, operative and histopathology reports, oncological treatment, and postoperative follow-up. RESULTS: Reduction mammaplasty specimens revealed abnormal findings in 68 (21.5%) patients. High-risk lesions (ADH, ALH, and LCIS) were revealed in 37 (11.7%), and cancer in six (1.9%) patients. Abnormal histopathology correlated with higher age (p = 0.0053), heavier specimen (p = 0.0491), and with no previous breast surgery (p < 0.001). Abnormal histopathological findings were more frequent in patients with reduction mammaplasty performed prior to oncological treatment (p < 0.001), and in patients with immediate reconstruction (p = 0.0064). CONCLUSION: The incidences of malignant and high-risk lesions are doubled compared to patients without prior breast cancer. Patients with abnormal histopathology cannot be preoperatively identified based on demographics. If reduction mammaplasty is performed before oncological treatment, the incidence of abnormal findings is higher. In the light of our results, contralateral reduction mammaplasty with histopathological evaluation in breast cancer patients offers a sophisticated tool to catch those patients whose contralateral breast needs increased attention.

Breast Cancer Detection by Preoperative Imaging in Reduction Mammaplasty Patients: A Single Center Study of 918 Patients.

BACKGROUND: The role of preoperative imaging and the usability of different imaging modalities is highly variable and controversial in reduction mammaplasty patients. Our study describes the imaging process in a single center in regard to modality selection, age and timing, and of the association between imaging and histopathological findings in reduction mammaplasty specimens. METHODS: Nine hundred eighteen women, who underwent reduction mammaplasty during 1.1.2007-31.12.2011, were retrospectively reviewed for demographics, preoperative imaging, further preoperative examinations, and pathology reports. RESULTS: Preoperative imaging had been conducted for 89.2% (n = 819) of the patients. In 49 (6.0%) patients, suspicious preoperative imaging led to further examinations revealing 2 high-risk lesions (atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)), and 2 cancers preoperatively. Postoperatively abnormal histopathology specimens were revealed in 88 (10.4%) patients. The incidence of high-risk lesions was 5.5% (n = 47), and the incidence of cancer was 1.2% (n = 10). Preoperative imaging was normal (BI-RADS 1 and BI-RADS 2) in 80.8% of these patients. The sensitivity of the preoperative imaging for cancer detection was 20.0%, and the specificity was 100.0%. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative imaging and further examinations do not sufficiently detect malignant or cancer risk-increasing findings. Therefore, histopathological analysis of reduction mammaplasty specimens seems mandatory.

Should we routinely analyze reduction mammaplasty specimens?

BACKGROUND: Reduction mammaplasty is one of the most common plastic surgery procedures. Preoperative imaging and histopathology protocols vary among countries and institutions. We aimed to analyze the incidence of occult breast cancer and high-risk lesions in reduction mammaplasty specimens. We also analyzed whether patients with abnormal histopathology differed from the study population in terms of demographics. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In total, 918 women who underwent reduction mammaplasty from January 2007 to December 2011 were retrospectively reviewed for demographics, preoperative imaging, further preoperative examinations, pathology reports, and postoperative follow-up. RESULTS: Abnormal histopathological findings were revealed in 88 (10%) patients with a mean age of 49.5 ± 10.2 years. The incidence of breast cancer was 1.2%, and the incidence of high-risk lesions (atypical ductal and lobular hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ) was 5.5%. Age and specimen weights were significantly higher in patients with abnormal histopathology. Eighty-one percent of patients with abnormal histopathology had normal preoperative imaging revealing two high-risk and two cancer findings. Two patients developed breast cancer in the same breast in which the high-risk lesion was originally detected. CONCLUSION: Women with abnormal histopathology cannot be sufficiently detected preoperatively. Therefore, histopathological analysis of reduction mammaplasty specimens seems mandatory. Reduction mammaplasty combined with subsequent histopathological examination offers a sufficient chance of detecting cancer and risk-increasing lesions that merits the cost of histopathology.

Effect of delayed autologous breast reconstruction on breast cancer recurrence and survival.

BACKGROUND: The goal of the present study was to evaluate the impact of delayed autologous breast reconstruction on disease relapse in breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was based on 503 consecutive patients younger than 70 years of age who underwent mastectomy between January 2000 and December 2003. Overall, 391 (78 %) received mastectomy alone and 112 (22 %) underwent a delayed breast reconstruction. The median time from mastectomy to delayed breast reconstruction was 34 months. The median duration of follow-up was 102 months. RESULTS: There were no locoregional recurrences (LRR) in patients who underwent delayed reconstruction (0.0 %); 21 LRR developed in patients treated with mastectomy only (5.4 %), P = 0.011. Distant metastases occurred less frequently in the reconstruction group (12.5 %) than in the patients who underwent mastectomy alone (21.5 %); P = 0.0343. The 8-year breast cancer specific survival in the reconstruction group was 98.2 and 85.7 % for the mastectomy only group, P = 0.000. CONCLUSIONS: Delayed autologous breast reconstruction does not appear to adversely influence disease progression when compared to patients treated with mastectomy only.

Outcome following local recurrence or in-transit metastases in cutaneous melanoma.

Defining clinical factors influencing outcome after local recurrence or in-transit metastasis may help us to improve treatment and develop follow-up guidelines. A retrospective review of melanoma patients with local recurrence in the primary tumor scar or with in-transit metastasis was carried out. Outcome and survival were analyzed for 99 patients. In univariate analysis, factors related to overall survival following local recurrence at the time of the first relapse were initial stage [P=0.002, hazard ratio (HR) 1.9], site of primary tumor (P=0.02, HR 1.1), Breslow thickness (P=0.002, HR 1.2), Clark classification (P=0.01, HR 1.7), ulceration (P=0.01, HR 2.1), presence of satellite tumor (P=0.03, HR 2.7), and development of lymph node or distant metastases during follow-up (P<0.001, HR 7.0). Local recurrence within 2 years after surgery of primary melanoma correlated with worse survival (P=0.02, HR 2.1). Patients with local recurrence as first relapse often have a poor prognosis if the disease recurs within 2 years after primary surgery.

Outcome of oncoplastic breast surgery in 90 prospective patients.

BACKGROUND: Oncoplastic breast surgery refers to a wide range of techniques with a parallel goal of safely removing all malignant breast tissue while achieving the best possible esthetic outcome. We report the results of our oncoplastic breast operations from 2005 to 2007. METHODS: Ninety selected breast cancer patients were treated with a variety of oncoplastic operations. The patients were prospectively monitored. Radiotherapy and systemic adjuvant treatment were given according to national guidelines. RESULTS: Fifteen patients had an immediate surgical complication, of which 8 required a reoperation. Eleven patients had an inadequate surgical margin and required a completion mastectomy. During a median follow-up of 26 months no local or regional recurrences were noticed. Three patients developed distant metastases. CONCLUSIONS: Oncoplastic breast surgery offers tools for breast conservation in patients otherwise destined for mastectomy or poor esthetic outcome. Despite the high proportion of patients in this series with large-volume ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or extensive intraductal component, the use of oncoplastic techniques achieved negative margins with acceptable cosmetic results in the majority (84%) of patients.

Complications of skin-sparing mastectomy followed by immediate breast reconstruction: a prospective randomized study comparing high-frequency radiosurgery with conventional diathermy.

Skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) followed by immediate breast reconstruction delivers superior cosmetic and functional outcome. However, SSM is vulnerable to complications of the native skin envelope. This study aims to compare the effects of radiofrequency coagulation and conventional diathermy on complications of SSM. Sixty consecutive patients suitable for SSM were randomized into conventional diathermy and radiosurgery groups. These groups were compared and the risk factors for SSM flap complications were evaluated. The SSM flap complication rate was 23.4%. There was no difference between the study groups regarding the SSM flap complications. Increased SSM flap complication rate was associated with smoking and the type of skin incision used. This study shows that high-frequency radiosurgery is comparable to conventional diathermy in terms of complication rates of SSM. Furthermore, this study reports an association between the tennis-racquet-type incision and an increased SSM flap complication rate compared with the round periareolar type incision.