ABSTRACT
Ozone therapy acts in the body inducing controlled oxidative stress, thereby improving the antioxidant, immune and circulatory responses. However, very little is known about how this therapy affects oxidative stress indicators in dogs. We aimed to assess the clinical, hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters of healthy dogs subjected to ozone therapy and oxygen therapy by rectal insufflation. Ten healthy dogs were allocated into three experimental groups in a cross-over design: control, without intervention; ozone, which received 100 µg of O3/kg through rectal insufflation; and oxygen, which received an ozone-equivalent volume of medicinal O2 through rectal insufflation. Dogs received four applications weekly and were followed up until the seventh week. Ozone therapy significantly increased the weight, mean corpuscular volume and mean platelet volume and decreased total cholesterol of treated dogs. Regarding oxidative stress, ozone therapy reduced total antioxidant capacity by ferric reduction (TAC-FRAP) in D7 compared with baseline and the control, significantly increased total antioxidant capacity by cupric reduction (TAC-CUPRAC) in D42 and D49 compared with the control group, caused an increase in uric acid compared with the oxygen group and decreased lipid peroxidation on D21 compared with the control group. In conclusion, ozone therapy through rectal insufflation causes transient oxidative stress followed by an antioxidant response and discreetly interferes with a few clinical, hematological and biochemical variables in healthy dogs, although variables still remained within the reference ranges for the species, thus proving the safety of the therapy. Furthermore, oxygen therapy causes oxidative stress without inducing a subsequent antioxidant response.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of a dam on the ecological parameters of the fish assemblages of a stream of second order of the upper Paraná River basin, southern Brazil. Samplings of abiotic data and ichthyofauna occurred quarterly between September 2012 and June 2013. Were collected 3,128 individuals in six orders, eight families and 13 species. The Cluster analysis (Jaccard) based on species composition indicated the separation of the sampling units into two groups, demonstrating the dissimilarity between upstream and downstream units. The artificial dam was characterized as a discontinuity factor for diversity patterns and ecological processes related to biota. Thus, this study has indications that the creation of dams can significantly affect the richness and abundance of fish species of small lotic systems, as streams, by modifying their environments.
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência de uma barragem sobre os parâmetros ecológicos das assembleias de peixes presentes em um riacho de segunda ordem da bacia do Alto rio Paraná, sul do Brasil. As amostragens dos dados abióticos e da ictiofauna ocorreram trimestralmente entre o período de setembro de 2012 e junho de 2013. Foram coletados 3.128 indivíduos distribuídos em seis ordens, oito famílias e 13 espécies. A análise de agrupamento com base no índice de Jaccard indicou a separação dos pontos em dois grupos com relação à composição de espécies, demonstrando distinção entre os pontos à montante e à jusante da barragem artificial. A barragem artificial se caracterizou como um fator de descontinuidade para os padrões de diversidade e para os processos ecológicos relacionados à biota. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho possui indicativos de que a criação de barragens, mesmo que para a formação de pequenas represas ou açudes, pode afetar de forma significativa a riqueza e abundância das espécies de peixes de pequenos sistemas lóticos, como riachos, por meio da modificação de seus ambientes.
