Examining Community Engagement Research Strategies Used in Flint, Michigan: The Church Challenge.

BACKGROUND: The ways in which researchers may need to adapt traditional community-based participatory research engagement strategies during ongoing community trauma are understudied. We describe our efforts to engage the Flint, Michigan community in community-based participatory research in the aftermath of the Flint Water Crisis. OBJECTIVES: This manuscript describes 1) recruitment strategies selected before the Flint Water Crisis, 2) engagement lessons learned in the context of the Flint Water Crisis, and 3) barriers and facilitators encountered while engaging African American churches. METHODS: Researchers collaborated with community partners to engage and recruit a traumatized Flint community into the Church Challenge, a multilevel intervention to reduce chronic disease burden. LESSONS LEARNED: Recruitment and engagement strategies must be flexible, innovative, and may require nontraditional methods. CONCLUSIONS: Flexibility and adaptability are crucial for engaging with a traumatized community. Community-based participatory research work in traumatized communities must acknowledge and respond to community trauma to be successful.

Belonging to Something Greater Than Self: Flint Women Giving Back to the Community.

BACKGROUND: Having meaning in life promotes happiness and well-being across the lifespan. METHODS: A community-based participatory qualitative study was conducted to understand meaning in life, having a voice and the different ways women give back to their community by serving others. Interviews were held with participants (n = 100) who were community residents, people serving women, or both. RESULTS: Participants defined meaning in life as having a sense of significance, a deep connection to their community, and a sense of acknowledgement for their overall contributions. They emphasized the importance of opportunities for women to contribute to something greater than themselves. Participants suggested organizations would be responsive to the needs of women when women have a stronger voice. CONCLUSIONS: Women served their community in many roles. However, despite some societal progress, women continue to be underpaid and their contributions undervalued. Rectifying these inequities might contribute to better addressing the needs of women.

The Flint women's study: community perspectives on contraception and family planning, sexuality education and barriers to reproductive health.

Teenage pregnancy can have adverse social and health outcomes, and rates are high in Flint, Michigan as compared to the rest of the state and the USA. It is important to understand contributing factors to adolescent pregnancy to be able to better address this issue. This study examined qualitative data from interviews with 100 community members who participated in the Flint Women's Study, a study designed to better understand the hopes, dreams and needs of women in Flint, and their suggestions for how to address identified needs. Using a Community Based Participatory Approach, data were collected and analysed by a team of community members and academic researchers. The paper focuses on the theme of family planning among young women which included attitudes about contraception, sexuality education and bio-medical and structural barriers to accessing reproductive health. Community members emphasised the need for increased access to comprehensive contraception options, improved sexuality education in schools and from health care providers, and ultimately valuing young women.

Intersectionality, special populations, needs and suggestions: the Flint Women's study.

BACKGROUND: Equitable access to services that promote health and wellbeing is an important component of social justice. A community-engaged participatory qualitative study was conducted in Flint, Michigan, USA, to understand the needs of special populations (young women, perinatal women and new mothers, older women, women with disabilities, and LGBTQIA women) and elicit their ideas about solutions. METHODS: In-depth interviews (n = 100) were conducted. Participants were either women living in the Flint area, human service providers in the area, or both. A team of community and academic coders analyzed the data using an a priori framework. RESULTS: Participants identified needs of different groups of women and suggested ways to address them. Access to healthy food, reducing healthcare costs, and improving transportation, job opportunities and affordable quality housing were crosscutting themes across all groups of women. Mentoring support was said to protect vulnerable young women from the risk of human trafficking. Older women were said to gain a sense of purpose, build their social support and reduce their loneliness by engaging in mentoring younger women. Women with disabilities were reported to benefit from infrastructure accessibility and authentic inclusion in all areas of life. Providing help that considers their dignity, pride and self-worth were suggested. LGBTQIA women were reported to have housing needs due to discrimination; mostly turned down as renters and can be rejected from faith-based homeless shelters. LGBTQIA women would also benefit from increased sensitivity among healthcare providers. For all groups of women, streamlining access to social services and other resources, building social support networks and increasing awareness about existing resources were recommended. CONCLUSION: Efforts directed towards improving women's health and wellbeing should include perspectives and suggestions of diverse groups of women from the community. Acting on suggestions that emanate from the community's lived experiences may reduce inequalities in health and wellbeing.

Community-Based Participatory Qualitative Research for Women: Lessons from the Flint Women's Study.

BACKGROUND: The Flint Women's Study is a large community-based participatory qualitative study designed to create and inform community initiatives to serve Flint-area women by exploring their needs, challenges, hopes, dreams, assets, and thoughts about solutions. This article describes the study goals, processes, and lessons learned. METHODS: We conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with 100 Flint-area women or human service providers serving area women. Participants represented diverse professional backgrounds, life experiences, ages, races, and ethnicities. Community members participated in developing the qualitative interview guide, participant recruitment, qualitative coding, analysis, publication, and creation of initiatives based on results. LESSONS LEARNED: Partnering in discovery and in identifying solutions provides a strong foundation for building trust and mutual capacity. The coding experience helped community partners to hone marketable qualitative research skills, which can elevate community's voice in research. CONCLUSIONS: Efforts to benefit women should ensure their representation in every step of the process.