ABSTRACT
During these past years, several studies have provided serological evidence regarding the circulation of West Nile virus (WNV) in Brazil. Despite some reports, much is still unknown regarding the genomic diversity and transmission dynamics of this virus in the country. Recently, genomic monitoring activities in horses revealed the circulation of WNV in several Brazilian regions. These findings on the paucity of genomic data reinforce the need for prompt investigation of WNV infection in horses, which may precede human cases of encephalitis in Brazil. Thus, in this study, we retrospectively screened 54 suspicious WNV samples collected between 2017 and 2020 from the spinal cord and brain of horses with encephalitis and generated three new WNV genomes from the Ceará and Bahia states, located in the northeastern region of Brazil. The Bayesian reconstruction revealed that at least two independent introduction events occurred in Brazil. The first introduction event appears to be likely related to the North American outbreak, and was estimated to have occurred in March 2013.The second introduction event appears to have occurred in September 2017 and appears to be likely related to the South American outbreak. Together, our results reinforce the importance of increasing the priority of WNV genomic monitoring in equines with encephalitis in order to track the dispersion of this emerging pathogen through the country.
Subject(s)
Horse Diseases , West Nile Fever , West Nile virus , Animals , Antibodies, Viral , Bayes Theorem , Brazil/epidemiology , Horse Diseases/epidemiology , Horses , Humans , Retrospective Studies , West Nile Fever/epidemiology , West Nile Fever/veterinary , West Nile virus/geneticsABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: avaliar o sistema Gerenciador de Ambiente Laboratorial (GAL) como fonte de dados para a Vigilância Sentinela da Síndrome Gripal (VSSG), no Brasil, nos anos de 2011 e 2012. MÉTODOS: estudo de avaliação do GAL a partir da análise dos atributos simplicidade, flexibilidade, qualidade dos dados, aceitabilidade, representatividade, oportunidade, estabilidade do sistema e sua utilidade para a VSSG, com base no guia de avaliação de sistema de vigilância em saúde pública do Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta/GA, Estados Unidos). RESULTADOS: nos anos de 2011 e 2012, foram registrados 13.765 exames de vírus respiratórios. O GAL mostrou-se simples de estrutura, flexível às mudanças, com boa qualidade de dados, aceitabilidade e oportunidade no acesso aos resultados dos exames, tendo sido representativo e estável em 23 estados. CONCLUSÃO: o sistema é útil no atendimento aos objetivos da VSSG; contudo, recomenda-se realizar ajustes e incentivar a adesão dos estados que não o utilizam.
OBJETIVO: evaluar el Sistema Gerenciador de Ambiente Laboratorial (GAL) como fuente de datos para la vigilancia centinela de la enfermedad tipo influenza (VCETI). MÉTODOS: estudio de evaluación de GAL a partir del análisis de los atributos simplicidad, flexibilidad, calidad de datos, aceptabilidad, representatividad, oportunidad, estabilidad del sistema y su utilidad para VCETI, utilizando los criterios de la guía de evaluación del Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta/GA, EUA). RESULTADOS: el análisis utilizó datos de 2011-2012, en total 13.765 exámenes de virus respiratorios. El GAL demostró tener una estructura simple, flexibilidad al cambio, buena calidad de datos, aceptabilidad y oportunidad en el acceso a los resultados de las pruebas, siendo representativo y estable en 23 de los 27 estados. CONCLUSIÓN: el sistema es útil en el cumplimiento de los objetivos de la vigilancia, sin embargo, se recomienda hacer ajustes y fomentar la adhesión de los Estados que no lo utilizan.
OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the Brazilian Laboratorial Environment Management System (GAL) as a data source for the Sentinel Surveillance of Influenza-Like Illness (SSILI). METHODS: this is an evaluation study of GAL, through the analysis of its simplicity, flexibility, data quality, acceptability, representativeness, timeliness, stability and usefulness for SSILI, based on the guide for system evaluation in public health of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta/GA, USA). RESULTS: in 2011 and 2012, a total of 13,765 exams for respiratory viruses were registered. GAL presented simple structure, flexibility to changes, good data quality, acceptability and timeliness in the access to test results, being representative and stable in 23 Brazilian states. CONCLUSION: the system is useful in meeting the goals of SSILI; however, there are some recommendations for adjustments and for encouraging the adherence by the states that do not use the system yet.
Subject(s)
Health Evaluation , Information Systems , Sentinel Surveillance , Influenza, Human , Evaluation StudyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the Brazilian Laboratorial Environment Management System (GAL) as a data source for the Sentinel Surveillance of Influenza-Like Illness (SSILI). METHODS: this is an evaluation study of GAL, through the analysis of its simplicity, flexibility, data quality, acceptability, representativeness, timeliness, stability and usefulness for SSILI, based on the guide for system evaluation in public health of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta/GA, USA). RESULTS: in 2011 and 2012, a total of 13,765 exams for respiratory viruses were registered. GAL presented simple structure, flexibility to changes, good data quality, acceptability and timeliness in the access to test results, being representative and stable in 23 Brazilian states. CONCLUSION: the system is useful in meeting the goals of SSILI; however, there are some recommendations for adjustments and for encouraging the adherence by the states that do not use the system yet.
Subject(s)
Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Laboratories , Public Health , Sentinel Surveillance , Adolescent , Adult , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Data Accuracy , Guideline Adherence , Guidelines as Topic , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Middle Aged , Young AdultABSTRACT
Objetivo: apresentar o relato da experiência de implantação do sistema Gerenciador de Ambiente Laboratorial (GAL) como ferramenta de monitoramento e controle de exames laboratoriais, essencial à gestão e ao acompanhamento dos programas de saúde pública brasileira. Métodos: o GAL foi proposto como ferramenta de monitoramento e controle de exames laboratoriais, essencial à gestão e ao acompanhamento dos programas de saúde pública brasileira. O relato foi elaborado a partir de pesquisa documental. Resultados: o GAL tem favorecido a comunicação da informação, fornecendo subsídios para a melhoria na divulgação dos resultados dos ensaios e exames diagnósticos e planos estratégicos na área de saúde. Conclusão: após a implantação do GAL, houve uma melhora substancial na forma de gestão da informação adotada pelos laboratórios de saúde pública.
Objective: to present a report on the experience of implanting the Laboratory Environment Management (GAL) system as a tool for monitoring and controlling laboratory tests. Methods: GAL has been proposed as a tool for monitoring and controlling laboratory tests, vital to the management and monitoring of public health programs in Brazil. The report was compiled from documentary research. Results: GAL has favoured the communication of information, providing input for improving the dissemination of assay and diagnostic test results as well as strategic plans for health. Conclusion: following GALs implantation, there has been a substantial improvement in information management by public health laboratories.
