[Study on the explicitation of implicit knowledge and the construction of knowledge graph on moxibustion in medical case records of ZHOU Mei-sheng's Jiusheng].

To explore the methods of the explicitation of implicit knowledge and the construction of knowledge graph on moxibustion in medical case records of ZHOU Mei-sheng's Jiusheng. The medical case records data of Jiusheng was collected, the frequency statistic was analyzed based on Python3.8.6, complex network analysis was performed using Gephi9.2 software, community analysis was performed by the ancient and modern medical case cloud platform V2.3.5, and analysis and verification of correlation graph and weight graph were proceed by Neo4j3.5.25 image database. The disease systems with frequency≥10 % were surgery, ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology, locomotor, digestive and respiratory systems. The diseases under the disease system were mainly carbuncle, arthritis, lumbar disc herniation and headache. The commonly used moxibustion methods were fumigating moxibustion, blowing moxibustion, direct moxibustion and warming acupuncture. The core prescription of points obtained by complex network analysis included Yatong point, Zhiyang(GV 9), Sanyinjiao(SP 6), Dazhui(GV 14), Zusanli(ST 36), Lingtai(GV 10), Xinshu(BL 15), Zhijian point and Hegu(LI 4), which were basically consistent with high-frequency points. A total of 6 communities were obtained by community analysis, corresponding to different diseases. Through the analysis of correlation graph, 13 pairs of strong association rule points were obtained. The correlation between Zhiyang(GV 9)-Dazhui(GV 14) and Yatong point-Lingtai(GV 10) was the strongest. The acupoints with high correlation with Yatong point were Zhiyang(GV 9), Lingtai(GV 10), Dazhui(GV 14), Zusanli(ST 36) and Sanyinjiao(SP 6). In the weight graph of the high-frequency disease system, the relationship of the first weight of the surgery system disease was fumigating moxibustion-carbuncle-Yatong point, and the relationship of the first weight of the ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology system disease was blowing moxibustion-laryngitis-Hegu (LI 4). The results of correlation graph and weight graph are consistent with the results of data mining, which can be used as an effective way to study the knowledge base of moxibustion diagnosis and treatment in the future.

Effects on Autophagy of Moxibustion at Governor Vessel Acupoints in APP/PS1double-Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease Mice through the lncRNA Six3os1/miR-511-3p/AKT3 Molecular Axis.

Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of moxibustion at acupoints of the governor vessel on lncRNA Six3os1 in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin1 (APP/PS1) double-transgenic Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice. Methods: Twenty-four specific pathogen-free and APP/PS1 double-transgenic male mice were randomly allocated into the AD model and moxibustion groups, with 12 cases in each group. Twelve syngeneic C57BL/6J mice were selected as the control group. Mice in the moxibustion group received aconite cake-separated moxibustion at the Baihui acupoint. Suspension moxibustion was applied at Fengfu and Dazhui for 15 minutes each day. All treatments were conducted over two weeks. Control and AD model mice were routinely fed without any intervention. Behavioral observation tests were conducted before and after the intervention. The autophagosome in the hippocampus was observed using transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect Aß1-42 expression. LC3B and P62 expressions were evaluated by immunofluorescence. The expression levels of the lncRNAs Six3os1, miR-511-3p, and AKT3 were detected by qRT-PCR. The differential expression of PI-3K, AKT3, mTOR, LC3B-II/I, and P62 proteins in the hippocampus was detected by western blot. The dual-luciferase assay was undertaken to examine the targeting relationships of the lncRNAs Six3os1, miR-511-3p, and AKT3. Results: Compared with the control group, the AD model showed higher escape latency in the Morris Water Maze and reduced autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm of hippocampal neurons (both p < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the AD model showed higher expression of Aß1-42, the lncRNAs Six3os1, PI-3K, mTOR, P62, and AKT3 protein (all p < 0.01); but lower mir-511-3p and LC3B (both p < 0.01). Compared with the AD model group, the moxibustion group had a shorter escape latency, more autophagic bubbles in the hippocampus, and lower expression of positive Aß1-42, the lncRNAs Six3os1, PI-3K, mTOR, P62, and AKT3 protein (all p < 0.01). In contrast, the levels of miR-511-3p and LC3B proteins were considerably increased in the moxibustion group compared to the AD model group (both p < 0.01). Based on the dual-luciferase assay, there was a targeting link among the lncRNAs Six3os1, miR-511-3p, and AKT3. Conclusion: Moxibustion at acupoints of the governor vessel can suppress the lncRNA Six3os1 expression, promote cell autophagy, accelerate Aß1-42 clearance and alleviate cognitive dysfunction of AD mediated by the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway through the lncRNA Six3os1/miR-511-3p/AKT3 axis.

[Effect of moxibustion on autophagy in mice with Alzheimer's disease based on mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of moxibustion on autophagy and amyloid ß-peptide1-42 (Aß1-42) protein expression in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) double-transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: After 2-month adaptive feeding, fifty-six 6-month-old APP/PS1 double transgenic AD mice were randomly divided into a model group, a moxibustion group, a rapamycin group and an inhibitor group, 14 mice in each group. Another 14 C57BL/6J mice with the same age were used as a normal group. The mice in the moxibustion group were treated with monkshood cake-separated moxibustion at "Baihui"(GV 20), "Fengfu" (GV 16) and "Dazhui" (GV 14) for 20 min; the mice in the rapamycin group were intraperitoneally injected with rapamycin (2 mg/kg); the mice in the inhibitor group were treated with moxibustion and injection of 1.5 mg/kg 3-methyladenine (3-MA). All the treatments were given once a day for consecutive 2 weeks. The morphology of hippocampal tissue was observed by HE staining; the ultrastructure of hippocampal tissue was observed by transmission electron microscopy; the expression of Aß1-42 protein in frontal cortex and hippocampal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry; the expressions of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) and phosphorylated p70S6K (p-p70S6K) protein in hippocampus were detected by Western blot method. RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, the number of neuron cells was decreased, cells were necrotic and deformed, and autophagy vesicle and lysosome were decreased in the model group. Compared with the model group, the number of neuron cells was increased, cell necrosis was decreased, and autophagy vesicle and lysosome were increased in the moxibustion group and the rapamycin group. Compared with the normal group, the protein expressions of Aß1-42, mTOR, p-mTOR, p70S6K and p-p70S6K in the model group were increased (P<0.05); compared with the model group, the protein expressions of Aß1-42, mTOR, p-mTOR, p70S6K and p-p70S6K in the moxibustion group, rapamycin group and inhibitor group were decreased (P<0.05); compared with the inhibitor group, the protein expressions of Aß1-42, mTOR, p-mTOR, p70S6K and p-p70S6K in the moxibustion group and rapamycin group were decreased (P<0.05); compared with the rapamycin group, the protein expressions of mTOR, p-mTOR, p70S6K and p-p70S6K in the moxibustion group were decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Moxibustion could enhance autophagy in hippocampal tissue of APP/PS1 double transgenic AD mice and reduce abnormal Aß aggregation in brain tissue, the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway.

[Effect of moxibustion on autophagy lysosome function mediated by mTOR/TFEB pathway and lncRNA H19 expression in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of moxibustion (Moxi) at acupoints of Governor Vessel on autophagy lysosomal function and lncRNA H19 in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) double transgenic Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice, so as to explore its underlying mechanisms in relieving AD. METHODS: Fifty two male APP/PS1 double transgenic AD mice were randomly divided into model, Moxi, Moxi+inhibitor and medication (rapamycin) groups, with 13 mice in each group. Other 13 male C57BL/6J mice of the same age were selected as the control group. The mice of the Moxi group received aconite cake-separated Moxi stimulation at "Baihui" (GV20), "Dazhui"(GV14) and "Fengfu" (GV16), for 15 min, those of the Moxi+inhibitor group received intraperitoneal injection of 3-methyladenine (an inhibitor of PI3K for suppressing autophagy) 1.5 mg· kg-1 · d-1 on the basis of Moxi, and those of the medication group received intraperitoneal injection of rapamycin 2 mg· kg-1 · d-1. The treatment was conducted once daily for 2 weeks. The mouse's learning-memory ability was detected by Morris water maze tests. The hippocampus tissue was sampled for observing the formation of autophagy by using transmission electron microscope, detecting the expression of Aß_(1-42) protein with immunohistochemical staining, and for detecting the expression levels of long noncoding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19), mammalian target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR), nuclear transcription factor EB (TFEB), Cathepsin D and lysosome associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP1) genes and proteins as well as microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B)-Ⅱ/LC3B-Ⅰand autophagy protein p62 protein by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: In contrast to the control group, the model group had an evident increase in the escape latency of Morris water maze test, and in the expression levels of Aß_(1-42) protein, lncRNA H19 mRNA, mTOR mRNA and protein, and p62 protein (P<0.05), and a significant decrease in the expression levels of TFEB, Cathepsin D, LAMP1 mRNAs and proteins and LC3B-Ⅱ/LC3B-Ⅰ (P<0.05). After the treatment and relevant to the model and Moxi+inhibitor groups, both the Moxi and medication groups had an obvious down-regulation in the levels of latency of Morris water maze, expression levels of Aß_(1-42) protein, lncRNA H19 mRNA, mTOR mRNA and protein, and p62 protein (P<0.05), and a significant up-regulation in the levels of TFEB, Cathepsin D, LAMP1 mRNAs and proteins and LC3B-Ⅱ/LC3B-Ⅰ (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Moxi at acupoints of Governor Vessel can improve cognitive function of AD mice, which may be associated with its functions in inhibiting mTOR/TFEB pathway by down-regulating the expression of lncRNA H19, improving autophagy lysosomal function, promoting autophagy and clearing away Aß1-42 in the hippocampus.

Pheochromocytoma with abdominal aortic aneurysm presenting as recurrent dyspnea, hemoptysis, and hypotension: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Pheochromocytomas are rare endocrine tumors with various clinical manifestations, and few of them might present with profound, life-threatening conditions. CASE SUMMARY: We report the case of a 65-year-old man who complained of sudden dyspnea and hemoptysis for half a day. There was no obvious cause for the patient to have dyspnea, coughing, or coughing up to approximately 100 mL of fresh blood. Finally, he was diagnosed with pheochromocytoma crisis (PCC), coexisting with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). CONCLUSION: We report a case of pheochromocytoma presenting with recurrent hemoptysis, dyspnea and hypotension coexisting with an AAA. It not only proved the uncommon manifestations of pheochromocytoma but also directed clinicians to consider PCC among the possible diagnoses when meeting similar cases. Moreover, surgical excision is the most beneficial method for the treatment of pheochromocytoma coexisting with AAA when the situation is stable.

Diffuse Myocardial Injuries are Present in Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Clinical Study Using Myocardial T1-mapping Quantification.

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT) is a common disorder that may represent early thyroid dysfunction and is related to adverse cardiovascular events. However, myocardial injuries induced by SHT are difficult to detect. Our previous study demonstrated that the cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) myocardial longitudinal relaxation time (T1) mapping technique is a useful tool for assessing diffuse myocardial injuries in overt hypothyroidism patients. This study was designed to detect whether diffuse myocardial injuries were present in SHT by using the T1 mapping technique. We found that SHT participants had significantly increased native T1 values within four segments of the left ventricle (all p < 0.01), especially patients with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels ≥10 µIU/mL, compared with those in the controls. In addition, the native T1 values were negatively correlated with free thyroxine (FT4) (r = -0.476, p = 0.003) and were positively correlated with TSH (r = 0.489, p = 0.002). Furthermore, left ventricular diastolic function estimated by the peak filling rate (PFR) was significantly lower in patients with TSH levels ≥10 µIU/mL than that in the controls (p < 0.05). In conclusion, diffuse myocardial injuries were present in SHT, and T1 mapping may be a useful tool for evaluating mild myocardial injuries in SHT at an early stage. Our study is the first to confirm myocardial injuries in SHT patients using T1 mapping.

Effects of short-term levothyroxine therapy on myocardial injuries in patients with severe overt hypothyroidism: Evidence from a cardiac MRI Study.

PURPOSE: To investigate using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) myocardial injuries and cardiac function in patients with newly diagnosed severe primary overt hypothyroidism (HT) before and after achieving euthyroidism by short-term levothyroxine treatment. Levothyroxine treatment improves cardiovascular performance and ventricular remodeling in patients with HT, but diffuse myocardial injuries induced by HT are difficult to detect clinically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Myocardial longitudinal relaxation time (T1 ) mapping using the modified Look-Locker inversion-recovery (MOLLI) sequences at 3.0T was performed before and after euthyroidism was achieved by levothyroxine treatment in 24 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and compared to 17 healthy controls. Subjects underwent measurements of T1 values and left ventricular stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), cardiac index (CI), and peak filling rate (PFR). Cardiac data were expressed as an index, as per body surface area, except for heart rate and EF. RESULTS: Patients with untreated HT exhibited significantly longer native myocardial T1 values (all P < 0.05) accompanied by reduced SV (30.7 ± 5.6 vs. 34.9 ± 6.8 mL/m2 , P < 0.05), CI (2.1 ± 0.4 vs. 2.4 ± 0.4 L/min/m2 , P < 0.05), and PFR (3.5 ± 0.9 vs. 4.2 ± 1.1 EDV/s, P < 0.05) compared to healthy controls at baseline. Achieving euthyroidism resulted in a significant decrease in T1 values and improved SV, CI, and PFR values (all P < 0.05) in the patients with HT. Negative correlations of the T1 values with free triiodothyronine (r = -0.55, P < 0.001) and PFR (r = -0.46, P = 0.0016) were observed. CONCLUSION: We suggest that the negative effect induced by severe overt HT on the cardiovascular system can be significantly improved by restoring euthyroidism with short-term levothyroxine therapy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:897-904.

[Zijin powder in inhibiting H22 mice solid and ascites liver cancer: experimental study].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the rate of Zijin powder in inhibiting H22 mice solid and ascites liver cancer and the relation between quatity and effect. METHOD: The Kunming mics, transplanted by H22 liver cells, were divided into a model group, a cyclophosphamide group and three groups of Zijin powder in high dose, medium dose, and low dose. Then observation was made on the rate of Cancer. RESULT: The inhibiting rates of Zijin powder of three groups (high dose group, medium dose group and low dose group) for H22 mice solid liver cancer were 30.8%, 38.31% and 48.59% respectivily. The inhibiting rates of three groups of Zijin powder (low dose group, medium dose and high dose group) for H22 mice ascites liver cancer were 6.77%, 15.59% and 14.90 % respectivily. CONCLUSION: Zijin powder has better effect on H22 mice solid liver cancer, and its effect is greatly increasing with the increased dosage.