[Intra-laryngeal ectopic thyroid tissue. Report of one case and review of the literature]. / Tejido tiroideo ectópico intralaríngeo. Presentación de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura.

A Ectopic thyroid is any thyroid tissue not located in his normal anatomic situation. There have been described four general groups within the upper aerodigestive tract: lingual, sublingual, thyroglossal and intralaryngotracheal. Intralaryngotracheal thyroid tissue is rare and constitute 7 per cent of all intratracheal tumours, and it represents a problem of diagnosis and management. The controversy about the genesis of this tumours remains. There are two established theories: "the malformation theory" and "the ingrowth theory". These tumours affect more frequently adult female. Intralaryngotracheal thyroid have been mainly reported on the posterior-left wall of the trachea. The most common clinical feature is stridor due to progressive upper airway obstruction. Up to 75% of the intralaryngotracheal goiters are associated with and external goiter. This paper reports a case of ectopic subglotic thyroid in a 42 year-old-female. The embryology, diagnosis and management of this tumours are discussed.

Tejido tiroideo ectópico intralaríngeo. Presentación de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Intralaryngeal ectopic thyroid tissue. Report of one case and review of the literature

El tiroides ectópico es un tejido tiroideo que no se localiza en su posición anatómica normal. Se han descrito cuatro grupos de tiroides ectópico a nivel del tracto aereodigestivo superior: lingual, sublingual, tirogloso e intralaringotraqueal, siendo el lingual la localización más frecuente. El tiroides intralaringotraqueal es un trastorno raro, constituyendo el 7 por ciento de todos los tumores intratraqueales. Es la forma de tiroides ectópico que más frecuentemente pasa desapercibido y origina la clínica más severa. Su etiopatogenia no es bien conocida, existiendo dos teorías que tratan de explicar la aparición de tejido tiroideo aberrante en el interior de la luz traqueal: "la teoría de la malformación" y "la teoría invasiva". Su mayor incidencia se da en mujeres de mediana edad. A nivel intralaringotraqueal la localización más frecuente es la pared posterolateral izquierda. La clínica de presentación habitual es la disnea progresiva alta, destacando la asociación con un cuadro bociógeno en el 75 por ciento de los casos. Presentamos el caso clínico de una paciente de 42 años con un tiroides ectópico subglótico. Discutimos los aspectos más relevantes con relación a la embriología, diagnóstico y tratamiento de estas lesiones (AU)

A Ectopic thyroid is any thyroid tissue not located in his normal anatomic situation. There have been described four general groups within the upper aerodigestive tract: lingual, sublingual, thyroglossal and intralaryngotracheal. Intralaryngotracheal thyroid tissue is rare and constitute 7 per cent of all intratracheal tumours, and it represents a problem of diagnosis and management. The controversy about the genesis of this tumours remains. There are two established theories: "the malformation theory" and "the ingrowth theory". These tumours affect more frequently adult female. Intralaryngotracheal thyroid have been mainly reported on the posterior-left wall of the trachea. The most common clinical feature is stridor due to progressive upper airway obstruction. Up to 75% of the intralaryngotracheal goiters are associated with and external goiter. This paper reports a case of ectopic subglotic thyroid in a 42 year-old-female. The embryology, diagnosis and management of this tumours are discussed (AU)

[Frontal ethmoid metastases of prostatic carcinoma. Report of one case and review of the literature]. / Metástasis fronto-etmoidal de adenocarcinoma prostático. Presentación de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura.

Prostatic metastases in the nose and paranasal sinuses are rare. Less than 100 cases have been reported in the literature. Kidney are the commonest site of primary tumour, followed by lung and breast. Only 10 cases have previously been reported in the world literature. Prostatic metastases have been mainly reported in the sphenoid sinus. This paper reports one case of metastases of prostatic carcinoma in the fronto-ethmoid sinus in a 72 years old male. The clinical picture includes acute fronto-ethmoid right sinusitis, severe exophthalmos and chemosis. The CT scan showed extensive soft tissue filling the maxillary, ethmoid cells, sphenoid and frontal right sinuses, with subdural abscess. Biopsies from the fronto-ethmoid mass showed infiltration by adenocarcinoma with positive immunostaining for prostatic specific antigen. We also review the literature about metastases involving the nose and paranasal sinuses.

Metástasis fronto-etmoidal de adenocarcinoma prostático. Presentación de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Fronto-ethmoid metastases of prostatic carcinoma. Report of one case and review of the literature

Los tumores metastásicos en fosas y senos paranasales son enormemente raros, existiendo menos de cien casos descritos en las distintas revisiones bibliográficas. Los tumores primarios de origen de estas metástasis son, en orden de frecuencia, el hipernefroma, el cáncer de pulmón y el cáncer de mama. El adenocarcinoma prostático como productor de metástasis en senos paranasales es excepcional, existiendo únicamente diez casos descritos en la literatura, siendo la localización más común el seno esfenoidal y el maxilar. Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente varón de 72 años de edad, que debuta con sintomatología de sinusitis aguda frontoetmoidal derecha y celulitis orbitaria ipsilateral. El estudio radiológico mediante TAC demuestra la existencia de una ocupación masiva de todos los senos paranasales derechos, así como una colección subdural frontal, compatible con absceso o empiema subdural. En el acto quirúrgico se comprueba la existencia de una masa tumoral a nivel frontoetmoidal derecho, como proceso de ase, confirmándose posteriormente el diagnóstico histopatológico de adenocarcinoma prostático, con positividad inmunohistoquímica para el Antígeno Prostático Específico (PSA) (AU)

Prostatic metastases in the nose and paranasal sinuses are rare. Less than 100 cases have been reported in the literature. Kidney are the commonest site of primary tumour, followed by lung and breast. Only 10 cases have previously been reported in the world literature. Prostatic metastases have been mainly reported in the sphenoid sinus. This paper reports one case of metastases of prostatic carcinoma in the fronto-ethmoid sinus in a 72 years old male. The clinical picture includes acute fronto-ethmoid right sinusitis, severe exophthalmos and chemosis. The CT scan showed extensive soft tissue filling the maxillary, ethmoid cells, sphenoid and frontal right sinuses, with subdural abscess. Biopsies from the fronto-ethmoid mass showed infiltration by adenocarcinoma with positive immunostaining for prostatic specific antigen. We also review the literature about metastases involving the nose and paranasal sinuses (AU)