[Treatment of giant cell tumor of distal radius with vascular anastomosis with proximal graft of vascular].

Objective: To evaluate the curative effect of proximal fibula graft of vascular anastomosis for giant cell tumor(GCT) of distal radius of bone. Methods: 38 patients with distal radius GCT were treated with proximal articular graft of anastomotic vessels. We evaluated the wrist joint function before and after surgery using wrist activity, visual analogue scale(VAS)pain score, grip recovery rate and Cooney scoring system. Results: All patients' wounds healed in stage I, and recovered smoothly during the perioperative period. No obvious wrist deformity was observed during the follow-up period. Bony union was achieved at the tibial and humerus osteotomy ends. The average healing time was 11 weeks. At third month postoperatively, the patient's wrist motion ranged from dorsiflexion to palmar flexion (69.15±15.24)°, ulnar/spasm deviation was (22.74±10.55)°, grip strength was (88.69±12.75)%, wrist VAS pain The score was (2.45±1.11) points and the Cooney score was (89.58±11.25) points, which was significantly better than preoperation (all P<0.05). No recurrence or metastasis occurred during follow-up in all patients. Conclusions: Distal humerus GCT treated with distal radius with vascular anastomosis with proximal graft of vascular has little effect on the activity of the lower extremities. However, its reconstruction of the wrist joint function might achieve better results.

Molecular cloning, sequence identification, and gene expression analysis of bovine ADCY2 gene.

Adenylyl cyclase 2 (ADCY2), a class B member of adenylyl cyclases, is important in accelerating phosphor-acidification as well as glycogen synthesis and breakdown. Given its distinct role in flesh tenderization after butchering, we cloned and sequenced the ADCY2 gene from Yanbian cattle and assessed its expression in bovine tissues. A 2947 bp nucleotide sequence representing the full-length cDNA of bovine ADCY2 gene was obtained by 5' and 3' remote analysis computations for gene expression. Analyses of the putative protein sequence showed that ADCY2 had high homology among species, except with the non-mammal Oreochromis niloticus. Gene structural domain analyses in humans and rats indicated that the ADCY2 protein had no flaw; only the transmembrane domain was reduced and the CYCc structure domain was shortened. Assessment of ADCY2 expression in bovine tissues by real-time PCR showed that the highest expression was in the testes, followed by the longissimus dorsi, tensor fasciae latae, and latissimus dorsi. These data will serve as a foundation for further insight into the cattle ADCY2 gene.

Association of CAST gene polymorphisms with carcass and meat quality traits in Yanbian cattle of China.

Bovine calpastatin (CAST) gene polymorphisms have been associated with meat tenderness traits; however, little is known about how the CAST gene affects beef quality traits. In this study, 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in the CAST gene using polymerase chain reaction with single-strand conformation polymorphism and gene sequencing. Different preponderant genotypes were found at the corresponding gene locus. The E1-1, E1-2, and C3-1 loci were correlated with meat tenderness height and highly correlated with the fatty acid content and the amino acid content. The E4-2 locus was not correlated with meat tenderness, but it was correlated with cooking loss, brightness, and yellowness, among others. The CAST gene is a potential marker for these meat quality traits, but further research is required.

Cloning and polymorphisms of the 3' untranslated region of malic enzyme gene in Chinese red cattle.

The objective of this study was to identify alternative transcripts and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 3'-untranslated region (3' UTR) of bovine malic enzyme (ME1) gene and to evaluate the extent to which polymorphisms were associated with meat quality and carcass traits in Chinese red cattle. Two transcripts, long transcript and short transcript that differ in the length of the 3' UTR were cloned. A single nucleotide polymorphism was detected in 3' UTR and a restriction site for endonuclease ME1-Dra I was also found. The result revealed that the ME1-Dra I genotypes had a significant effect on cooking loss, pH measured 24h post-mortem (pH(24h)) and eye muscle area (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the SNPs may be used as DNA markers to select for meat quality and carcass traits in Chinese red cattle.

Meat quality and carcass traits in relation to HGD-BstXI and HGD-HaeIII PCR-RFLP polymorphism in Chinese red cattle.

We investigated the effect of homogentisate 1, 2 dioxygenase (HGD) gene on meat quality and carcass traits in 287 Chinese red cattle. The PCR-SSCP method was used to identify polymorphism of the HGD gene in the exon 1 and intron 1. Two polymorphisms were detected in intron 1 and two restriction sites for endonuclease HGD-BstXI and HGD-HaeIII have also been found. The HGD-BstXI genotypes showed significant effects on cooking loss, drip loss, net meat weight, carcass weight, and eye muscle area (P<0.05). The HGD-HaeIII genotypes significant affected cooking loss, muscle fibre diameter, shear force, drip loss, and carcass yield ratio (P<0.05). Moreover, we found significant effects of diplotypes on cooking loss, muscle fibre diameter, shear force, drip loss, net meat weight, carcass weight, and eye muscle area (P<0.05).

Role of anterior hypothalamic angiotensin II in the pathogenesis of salt sensitive hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.

Selective alterations in noradrenergic mechanisms in the anterior hypothalamic area (AHA) of NaCl-sensitive spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-S) have been demonstrated during dietary NaCl supplementation. To test the hypothesis that endogenous angiotensin II (Ang II) in the AHA also plays a role in blood pressure regulation and in NaCl sensitive hypertension in the SHR-S, Type 1 Ang II (AT1) receptors in the AHA were blocked by local microinjection of losartan, a selective nonpeptide AT1 receptor antagonist, and the effects of the intervention on blood pressure were observed. Microinjection of losartan into the AHA of conscious rats caused a significant dose-related decrease in mean arterial pressure in SHR-S but not in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. To test the hypothesis that the depressor response to AHA AT1 receptor blockade is enhanced by high (8%) NaCl feeding in SHR-S, losartan was microinjected into the AHA of conscious SHR-S and WKY rats that had been fed 1% or 8% NaCl diets for 3 weeks. The magnitude and duration of the depressor response to losartan were significantly greater in the 8% NaCl fed SHR-S than in the 1% NaCl fed rats. These findings, along with the observation that Ang II receptor numbers are increased in neurons isolated from brain of SHR compared with WKY rats, suggest that endogenous Ang II acting on AT1 receptors in the AHA participates in the tonic control of blood pressure in SHR-S but not in normotensive WKY rats. In addition, it is involved in the pathogenesis of NaCl sensitive hypertension in the SHR-S.