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BACKGROUND: Malva sylvestris L. (commonly known as mallow) has been widely used in traditional Tibetan formulations to treat allergic rhinitis (AR), and malvidin is a key anti-inflammation constituent of this plant. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect and mechanism of malvidin in an AR mouse model. METHODS: Malvidin's efficacy was evaluated in an AR mouse model induced by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenge. The factors, such as nasal symptoms, serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, histological changes in the nasal mucosa, and expressions of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Tregs and their cytokines, were assessed. Western blotting was used to analyze the effect of malvidin on signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and GATA3 expression levels. RESULTS: Malvidin reduced the allergic symptoms and serum levels of OVA-specific IgE in the AR model. Histological analysis indicated that malvidin alleviates nasal mucosal edema, eosinophil infiltration, and goblet cell proliferation. In addition, it altered the expression of Th1/Th2/Th17-related cytokines, enhanced the Treg population, and reduced Th2-mediated immunity by suppressing the phosphorylation of STAT6 and expression of the GATA3 protein. CONCLUSIONS: Malvidin significantly improved allergic symptoms in an OVA-induced AR mouse model by modulating Th1/Th2 immune responses and suppressing the STAT6/GATA3 pathway, indicating its potential as a naturally sourced agent for AR management.
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Not available.
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Transition-metal sulfide is considered to be an admirable transformational electrode material due to low cost, large specific capacity, and good reversibility in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, the reduced graphene oxide-wrapped open bimetallic sulfide (NiS2-Co3S4@rGO) nanocage, derived from nickel-cobalt Prussian blue, was obtained by two-step calcination. There are luxuriant pore structures in the nanocage composite with a specific surface area of 85.28 m2 g-1, which provides plentiful paths for rapid transmission of Li+/Na+ and alleviates the volume stress caused by insertion and extraction of alkali metal ions. The excellent interface combination of bimetallic sulfide wrapped in reduced graphene oxide improves the conductivity and overall performance of the battery. Thanks to the special interface engineering, the open NiS2-Co3S4@rGO nanocage composite displays rapid lithium storage properties with an average diffusion coefficient of 8.5 × 10-13 cm2 s-1. Moreover, after 300 cycles, the reversible capacity of the composite is 1113.2 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1. In SIBs, the capacity of the open NiS2-Co3S4@rGO composite is 487.9 mAh g-1 when the current density is 5 A g-1. These preeminent performances demonstrate the enormous development prospects of bimetallic sulfide nanocage as anode material in LIBs and SIBs.
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The slow reaction kinetics and severe shuttle effect of lithium polysulfide make Li-S battery electrochemical performance difficult to meet the demands of large electronic devices such as electric vehicles. Based on this, an electrocatalyst constructed by metal phase material (MoS2) and semiconductor phase material (SnS2) with ohmic contact is designed for inhibiting the dissolution of lithium polysulfide with improving the reaction kinetics. According to the density-functional theory calculations, it is found that the heterostructured samples with ohmic contacts can effectively reduce the reaction-free energy of lithium polysulfide to accelerate the sulfur redox reaction, in addition to the excellent electron conduction to reduce the overall activation energy. The metallic sulfide can add more sulfophilic sites to promote the capture of polysulfide. Thanks to the ohmic contact design, the carbon nanotube-MoS2-SnS2 achieved a specific capacity of 1437.2 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C current density and 805.5 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at 1 C current density and is also tested as a pouch cell, which proves to be valuable for practical applications. This work provides a new idea for designing an advanced and efficient polysulfide catalyst based on ohmic contact.
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Phosphate-based electrolyte propels the advanced battery system with high safety. Unfortunately, restricted by poor electrochemical stability, it is difficult to be compatible with advanced lithium metal anodes and Ni-rich cathodes. To alleviate these issues, the study has developed a phosphate-based localized high-concentration electrolyte with a nitrate-driven solvation structure, and the nitrate-derived N-rich inorganic interface shows excellent performance in stabilizing the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathode interface and modulating the lithium deposition morphology on the anode. The results show that the Li|| NCM811 cell has exceptional long-cycle stability of >80% capacity retention after 800 cycles at 4.3 V, 1 C. A more prominent capacity retention rate of 93.3% after 200 cycles can be reached with the high voltage of 4.5 V. While being compatible with the phosphate-based electrolyte with good flame retardancy and the good electrochemical stability of Ni-rich lithium metal battery (LMBs) systems, the present work expands the construction of anion-rich solvation structures, which is expected to promote the development of the high-performance LMBs with safety.
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a comprehensive rehabilitation approach combining Traditional Chinese Medicine Daoyin with lower limb robotics during the recovery phase of stroke patients. METHODS: Stroke patients meeting the specified criteria were randomly assigned to one of four groups using a random number table: Control group, Daoyin group, lower limb robot group (LLR group), and Daoyin and lower limb robot group (DLLR group). Each group received distinct treatments based on conventional rehabilitation training. The treatment duration spanned two weeks with two days of rest per week. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included various scales: Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Berg balance scale (BBS), Barthel index (BI), Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed in the lower limb function measured by FAM between the Control group (15 ± 5) and the DLLR group (18 ± 5) (P = 0.049). In the Barthel index, a statistically significant difference was noted between the Control group (54 ± 18) and the DLLR group (64 ± 11) (P = 0.041). Additionally, significant differences were found in the Berg balance scale between the Control group (21 ± 10) and the DLLR group (27 ± 8) (P = 0.024), as well as between the Control group (21 ± 10) and the LLR group (26 ± 10) (P = 0.048). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that the combined use of Daoyin and robotics not only enhances motor function in stroke patients but also has a positive impact on fatigue, sleep quality, and mood. This approach may offer a more effective rehabilitation strategy for stroke patients.
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Lower Extremity , Robotics , Stroke Rehabilitation , Stroke , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Female , Robotics/instrumentation , Aged , Lower Extremity/physiopathology , Stroke/physiopathology , Stroke Rehabilitation/methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether alternating placements during clinical clerkship, without an explicit emphasis on clinical competencies, would bring about optimal educational outcomes. METHODS: This is an explanatory sequential mixed-methods research. We enrolled a convenience sample of 41 eight-year programme medical students in Sun Yat-sen University who received alternating placements during clerkship. The effects of competence-based approach (n = 21) versus traditional approach (n = 20) to clerkship teaching were compared. In the quantitative phase, course satisfaction was measured via an online survey and academic performance was determined through final scores on summative assessment. Then, in the qualitative phase, students were invited for semi-structured interviews about their learning experiences, and the transcripts were used for thematic analysis. RESULTS: Quantitative findings showed that students in the study group rated high course satisfaction and performed significantly better in their final scores compared with those in the control group. Qualitative findings from thematic analysis showed that students were relatively neutral about their preference on placement models, but clearly perceived, capitalised, and appreciated that their competencies were being cultivated by an instructor who was regarded as a positive role model. CONCLUSION: A competence-based approach to clerkship teaching resulted in better course satisfaction and academic performance, and was perceived, capitalised, and appreciated by students.
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The localized high-concentration electrolyte (LHCE) propels the advanced high-voltage battery system. Sulfone-based LHCE is a transformative direction compatible with high energy density and high safety. In this work, the application of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) in the LHCE system constructed from sulfolane and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE) is investigated. The addition of diluent causes an increase of contact ion pairs and ionic aggregates in the solvation cluster and an acceptable quantity of free solvent molecules. A small amount of LiFSI as an additive can synergistically decompose with TTE on the cathode and participate in the construction of both electrode interfaces. The designed electrolyte helps the Ni-rich system to cycle firmly at a high voltage of 4.5 V. Even with high mass load and lean electrolyte, it can keep a reversible specific capacity of 91.5% after 50 cycles. The constructed sulfone-based electrolyte system exhibits excellent thermal stability far beyond the commercial electrolytes. Further exploration of in-situ gelation has led to a quick conversion of the designed liquid electrolyte to the gel state, accompanied by preserved stability, which provides a direction for the synergistic development of LHCE with gel electrolytes.
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PURPOSE: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complication commonly occurred in patients with sepsis, and AKI has become the leading cause associated with mortality. PKM2, as a rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis, was considered to be involved in AKI in vitro and animal models. However, there have been no studies reported on the expression of PKM2 in humans and its association with AKI. METHODS: A retrospective study including 57 patients (35 males and 22 females) that were admitted into hospital in 2019 was carried out in our research. The basic characteristics and clinical parameters of each patient were collected from patients' medical records. We assessed changes in the expression of serum and urinary PKM2 using ELISA and its association with clinical manifestations in patients with sepsis through correlation analysis. Besides, ROC analysis was applied for evaluating the role of PKM2 in predicting AKI and death rate. RESULTS: Urinary PKM2 is obviously increased in patients with sepsis-associated AKI (P < 0.05), while no significant change was found in the expression of serum PKM2. Moreover, the expression of urinary PKM2 is positively correlated with serum creatinine (r=0.577, P < 0.01) and blood-urea-nitrogen (r=0.531, P<0.01). In addition, it is negatively correlated with glomerular filtration rate (r=-0.583, P<0.01). Besides, ROC analysis indicated that urinary PKM2 could be a predictor of AKI in patients with sepsis (AUC-ROC, 0.819; SE, 0.086, P = 0.004, 95% CI 0.651-0.986). CONCLUSIONS: Urinary PKM2 could be a marker predicting acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis.
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Acute Kidney Injury , Biomarkers , Carrier Proteins , Membrane Proteins , Predictive Value of Tests , Sepsis , Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins , Humans , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Acute Kidney Injury/urine , Acute Kidney Injury/diagnosis , Male , Female , Sepsis/complications , Sepsis/urine , Retrospective Studies , Middle Aged , Biomarkers/urine , Biomarkers/blood , Membrane Proteins/urine , Membrane Proteins/blood , Aged , Carrier Proteins/urine , Carrier Proteins/blood , Thyroid Hormones/blood , AdultABSTRACT
Metal-organic framework materials can be converted into carbon-based nanoporous materials by pyrolysis, which have a wide range of applications in energy storage. Here, we design special interface engineering to combine the carbon skeleton and nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with the transition metal compounds (TMCs) well, which mitigates the bulk effect of the TMCs and improves the conductivity of the electrodes. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 is used as a precursor to form a carbon skeleton and a large number of nitrogen-doped CNTs by pyrolysis followed by the in situ formation of Co3O4 and CoS2, and finally, Co3O4@CNTs and CoS2@CNTs are synthesized. The obtained anode electrodes exhibit a long cycle life and high-rate properties. In lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), Co3O4@CNTs have a high capacity of 581 mAh g-1 at a high current of 5 A g-1, and their reversible capacity is still 1037.6 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles at 1 A g-1. In sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), CoS2@CNTs have a capacity of 859.9 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 and can be retained at 801.2 mAh g-1 after 50 cycles. The unique interface engineering and excellent electrochemical properties make them ideal anode materials for high-rate, long-life LIBs and SIBs.
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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in older patients has a poor prognosis, low complete remission (CR) rates, and poor overall survival (OS). Preclinical studies have shown synergistic effects of epigenetic priming with hypomethylating agents followed by cytarabine. Based on these data, we hypothesized that an induction regimen using epigenetic priming with decitabine, followed by cytarabine would be effective and safe in older patients with previously untreated AML. Here, we conducted a phase 2 trial in which older patients with previously untreated AML received an induction regimen consisting of 1 or 2 courses of decitabine 20 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) for 5 days followed by cytarabine 100 mg/m2 continuous IV infusion for 5 days. Forty-four patients (median age 76 years) were enrolled, and CR/CRi was achieved by 26 patients (59% of all patients, 66.7% of evaluable patients). Fourteen of 21 (66.7%) patients with adverse cytogenetics achieved CR including six out of seven evaluable patients with TP53 mutations. The 4- and 8-week mortality rates were 2.3% and 9.1%, respectively, with median OS of 10.7 months. These results suggest epigenetic priming with decitabine followed by cytarabine should be considered as an option for first-line therapy in older patients with AML. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as # NCT01829503.
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Cytarabine , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Aged , Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Decitabine , Epigenesis, Genetic , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics , Remission Induction , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The cell cycle plays a key and complex role in the development of human cancers. p21 is a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI) involved in the promotion of cell cycle arrest and the regulation of cellular senescence. Altered p21 expression in rectal cancer cells may affect tumor cells' behavior and resistance to neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy. Our study aimed to ascertain the relationship between the differential expression of p21 in rectal cancer and patient survival outcomes. Using tissue microarrays, 266 rectal cancer specimens were immunohistochemically stained for p21. The expression patterns were scored separately in cancer cells retrieved from the center and the periphery of the tumor; compared with clinicopathological data, tumor regression grade (TRG), disease-free, and overall survival. Negative p21 expression in tumor periphery cells was significantly associated with longer overall survival upon the univariate (p = 0.001) and multivariable analysis (p = 0.003, HR = 2.068). Negative p21 expression in tumor periphery cells was also associated with longer disease-free survival in the multivariable analysis (p = 0.040, HR = 1.769). Longer overall survival times also correlated with lower tumor grades (p= 0.011), the absence of vascular and perineural invasion (p = 0.001; p < 0.005), the absence of metastases (p < 0.005), and adjuvant treatment (p = 0.009). p21 expression is a potential predictive and prognostic biomarker for clinical outcomes in rectal cancer patients. Negative p21 expression in tumor periphery cells demonstrated significant association with longer overall survival and disease-free survival. Larger prospective studies are warranted to investigate the ability of p21 to identify rectal cancer patients who will benefit from neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy.
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Rectal Neoplasms , Humans , Prognosis , Rectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Rectal Neoplasms/therapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Adjuvants, Immunologic , Adjuvants, PharmaceuticABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zhumian Tang formula granules combined with eszopiclone for treating poor sleep quality. METHODS: This multi-center, dynamic block-randomized, parallel-group superiority clinical trial included 130 patients. The combined treatment group received Zhumian Tang formula granules combined with eszopiclone treatment, and the control group received eszopiclone treatment only. The group allocation ratio was 1â¶1. The duration of treatment was 2 weeks. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires before treatment, after 1 week of the intervention, after 2 weeks of the intervention, and at the follow-up on week 3. The primary outcomes were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score and the total effective rate of treatment. The secondary outcome was the rate of adverse effects. RESULTS: Compared with the eszopiclone treatment group, the PSQI score of the combined treatment group was significantly lower after 2 weeks of the intervention (6.98 vs 8.26, P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the mean PSQI score after 1 week of the intervention (9.89 vs 9.15, P = 0.124). After the follow-up on week 3, the PSQI score of the combined treatment group remained significantly lower than that of the eszopiclone treatment group (6.12 vs 8.31, P < 0.001). The total effective rates of treatment of the combined group and the eszopiclone group were 36.92% vs 35.38% (Z = 0.033, P = 0.855) after 1 week of the intervention, 83.08% vs 58.46% (Z = 9.519, P < 0.05) after 2 weeks of the intervention, and 83.08% vs 61.54% (Z = 7.530, P < 0.05) and after the follow-up on week 3, respectively. There was no significant difference in the overall rate of adverse reactions between the combined and eszopiclone treatment groups (21.53% vs 31.8%, P = 0.318). CONCLUSION: The combination of Zhumian Tang formula granules with eszopiclone was found to be safe and more effective in improving sleep quality than eszopiclone alone. Traditional Chinese medicine can enhance the effectiveness of Western medicine in the treatment of insomnia.
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Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Humans , Eszopiclone/therapeutic use , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/drug therapy , Sleep Quality , Hypnotics and Sedatives/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Double-Blind MethodABSTRACT
Solid-state batteries have become the most anticipated option for compatibility with high-energy density and safety. In situ polymerization, a novel strategy for the construction of solid-state systems, has extended its application from solid polymer electrolyte systems to other solid-state systems. This review summarizes the application of in situ polymerization strategies in solid-state batteries, which covers the construction of polymer, the formation of the electrolyte system, and the design of the full cell. For the polymer skeleton, multiple components and structures are being chosen. In the construction of solid polymer electrolyte systems, the choice of initiator for in situ polymerization is the focus of this review. New initiators, represented by lithium salts and additives, are the preferred choice because of their ability to play more diverse roles, while the coordination with other components can also improve the electrical properties of the system and introduce functionalities. In the construction of entire solid-state battery systems, the application of in situ polymerization to structure construction, interface construction, and the use of separators with multiplex functions has brought more possibilities for the development of various solid-state systems and even the perpetuation of liquid electrolytes.
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BackgroundIn China, the structure shift from just one-child family to both one-child and more-than-one-child families is happening. Exploring how the sibling relationships effect between adolescent personality impulsivity and aggressivity is of great significance for promoting adolescent mental health as well as maintaining social harmony and stability. ObjectiveTo investigate the effecting path of sibling relationships between personality impulsivity and aggressivity in adolescents, so as to provide references for the prevention of violent and aggressive behavior in adolescents. MethodsFrom February to April, 2023, a total of 1 200 students with sibling relationships from 12 primary and secondary schools in a county of Sichuan province were included by random sampling. Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), Chinese Version of Buss & Perry Aggression Questionnaire (AQ-CV), and Sibling Relationship Questionnaire (SRQ) were used for cross-sectional investigation. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the scores of these scales. Bootstrap method was used to test the effecting path of sibling relationships between personality impulsivity and aggressivity. ResultsThe total score of BIS-11 was positively correlated with that of AQ-CV as well as the scores of conflict and competition dimensions in SRQ (r=0.485、0.276、0.280,P<0.01), while negatively correlated with the score of warmth/intimacy dimension in SRQ (r=-0.383, P<0.01). The total score of AQ-CV was positively correlated with the scores of conflict and competition dimensions in SRQ (r=0.387, 0.340, P<0.01), while negatively correlated with the score of warmth/intimacy dimension in SRQ (r=-0.304, P<0.01). Within SRQ, negative correlations could be observed between the score of warmth/intimacy and scores of conflict and competition (r=-0.307, -0.375, P<0.01), whereas positive correlation could be observed between the score of conflict and that of competition (r=0.267, P<0.01). The total effect of personality impulsivity level on aggressivity level in adolescent was 0.480 (P<0.01). Sibling relationships played a mediating role between personality impulsivity and aggressivity in adolescents. Meanwhile, the indirect effect values of warmth/intimacy, conflict and competition were 0.054, 0.075 and 0.062, with the effect values accounting for 11.21%, 15.70% and 12.93%, respectively. ConclusionThe personality impulsivity of adolescents can directly affect their aggressivity, and sibling relationships may act as an important channel connecting personality impulsivity and aggressivity. [Funded by 2023 Project of the Psychology and Behavioral Science Research Center of the Deyang Federation of Social Sciences (number, XLYXW2023305)]
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Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death caused by phospholipid peroxidation damage of polyunsaturated fatty acids on cell membranes and involves several pathways, including the iron homeostasis regulatory pathway, the cystine glutamate reverse transporter (system Xc) pathway and the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) pathway. Ferroptosis is involved in the development of several diseases (e. g. myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer and degenerative diseases). The ubiquitination is an important post-translational modification of various protein molecules in the organism. Studies have shown that regulating the ubiquitination of ferroptosis pathway-related molecules can control cellular ferroptosis. Targeting the ubiquitination of ferroptosis pathway-related molecules can effectively promote or inhibit ferroptosis, which is expected to be a new strategy for the treatment of cancer or cardiovascular diseases. In this paper we review the progress of the ferroptosis pathways and the ubiquitination modification of ferroptosis-related molecules.
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Aim To explore the new mechanism of triptolide (TRI) inhibiting the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) . Methods Different concentrations (0, 0 . 5, 2, and 8 jjunol • L~) of TRI were administered to act on liver cancer cells, and then the cell phenotypes and possible mechanisms were explored using experimental methods such as CCK-8, cell cloning, Transwell, and protein immunoblotting; siRNA was used to interfere with the target gene GSDME and its role was determined. Finally, the mechanism of TRI inhibiting the growth of HCC cells in vivo was validated using a transplanted tumor model. Results TRI could inhibit the proliferation, cloning, and invasion of HCC cells, and promote cell apoptosis. Immunoblotting results showed that the expression of GSDME was significantly upregulated in HepG2 or He-pal-6 hepatocellular carcinoma after TRI treatment, while the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and PARP also significantly increased. Knocking out GSDME could partially reverse TRI-induced cell apoptosis. At the same time, cells knocked down by GSDME had stronger cloning and migration abilities, and the apoptosis rate was reduced compared to the TRI treatment group alone. In vivo experiments showed that TRI inhibited HCC tumor growth, and the TRI + siGSDME group had a faster tumor growth rate than the TRI treatment group alone did. In addition, after TRI stimulation, p-eIF2a and ATF4 in HepG2 and Hepal-6 cells significantly increased. The immunofluorescence results showed a dose-dependent increase in the number of ATF4 positive cells in HepG2 and Hepal-6 cells after TRI stimulation. Conclusion The inhibitory effect of TRI on the growth and invasion of liver cancer cells may be related to its regulation of the ATF4/caspase-3/GSDME signaling pathway and promotion of liver cancer cell apoptosis.
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OBJECTIVE@#The aim of this study was to assess the impact of bisphenol A (BPA) and its substitute, bisphenol F (BPF), on the colonic fecal community structure and function of mice.@*METHODS@#We exposed 6-8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice to 5 mg/(kg∙day) and 50 μg/(kg∙day) of BPA or BPF for 14 days. Fecal samples from the colon were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing.@*RESULTS@#Gut microbiome community richness and diversity, species composition, and function were significantly altered in mice exposed to BPA or BPF. This change was characterized by elevated levels of Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 and Oscillibacter and decreased levels of Prevotella 9 and Streptococcus. Additionally, pathways related to carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism showed substantial enrichment.@*CONCLUSION@#Mice exposed to different BP analogs exhibited distinct gut bacterial community richness, composition, and related metabolic pathways. Considering the essential role of gut bacteria in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, our study highlights the intestinal toxicity of BPs in vertebrates.
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Male , Animals , Mice , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Mice, Inbred C57BL , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity , Bacteria/genetics , PhenolsABSTRACT
【Objective】 To observe and analyze the influence of the improved ultra-low temperature storage box on the quality of fresh frozen plasma (FFP). 【Methods】 A total of 80 qualified whole blood samples (400 mL, O type not included) collected from July to November in 2023 were selected, and were divided into 4 groups, with 20 samples in each group. Group A: quick-frozen in a traditional low temperature box for 1 hour and then stored in a -30℃ cold storage; Group B: quick-frozen in the flat freezer for 1 hour and then stored in a -30℃ cold storage; Group C: quick-frozen in a newly improved ultra-low temperature storage box for 1 hour and stored in a -30℃ cold storage; Group D: quick-frozen in a new improved ultra-low temperature storage box for 12 hours and stored in a -30℃ cold storage. The contents of FⅧ and fibrinogen (Fg) in four groups were detected. 【Results】 The contents of FⅧ in group B, C and D were significantly higher than those in group A, with statistical difference (P0.05), and no statistical difference in the contents of Fg was found among the four groups(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 The improved ultra-low temperature storage box is superior to the traditional low temperature box in preparing FFP, and there is no obvious difference between the improved ultra-low temperature storage box and the flat-plate quick freezer. However, the improved ultra-low temperature storage box can make the process of preparing FFP more flexible and improve the efficiency of component preparation.
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ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Youguiwan on the leptin/Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in the lung tissue of the rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to kidney-Yang deficiency. MethodForty rats were modeled for COPD with the syndrome of kidney-Yang deficiency by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide on day 1 and day 14 and continuous fumigation for 6 weeks, during which hydrocortisone was injected intramuscularly at an interval of 3 days. The modeled rats were randomized into model, high- (11.7 g·kg-1), medium- (5.85 g·kg-1), and low-dose (2.93 g·kg-1) Youguiwan, and aminophylline (0.054 g·kg-1) group. In addition, 8 SD rats were set as the blank group. After the completion of modeling, the rats in each group were administrated with the corresponding drug by gavage for 28 consecutive days. After the last administration, samples were collected. A lung function analyzer was used to evaluate the lung function of rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the levels of interleukin-17A (IL-17A), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Hematoxylin-eosin staining was employed to observe the pathological changes in the lung tissue, and Masson staining was employed to observe the deposition of blue collagen fibers around bronchi in the lung tissue and calculate the inflammation score. The immunofluorescence assay was employed to measure the protein content of collagen type Ⅰ (ColⅠ) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the bronchi. The protein and mRNA levels of leptin, IL-17A, JAK2, and STAT3 in the lung tissue were determined by Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. ResultCompared with the blank group, the model group showed decreased lung function (P<0.01), elevated levels of IL-6, IL-17A, and TNF-α in the BALF (P<0.01), and increased lung inflammation score, deposition of subcutaneous collagen fibers in the airway, and ColⅠ and α-SMA proteins (P<0.01). Furthermore, the modeling up-regulated the proteins and mRNA levels of leptin, IL-17A, JAK2, and STAT3 in the lung tissue (P<0.01) and enhanced the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, high- and medium-dose Youguiwan improved the lung function, decreased the inflammation score, reduced collagen fiber deposition and ColⅠ and α-SMA proteins, lowered the levels of IL-6, IL-17A, and TNF-α in the BALF, down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of leptin, JAK2, STAT3, and IL-17A, and weakened the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 (P<0.05, P<0.01). The aminophylline group had higher IL-17A and TNF-α levels than the high-dose Youguiwan group, lower IL-17A level than the medium and low-dose Youguiwan groups, and lower TNF-α level than the low-dose Youguiwan group. Compared with the aminophylline group, the high- and medium-dose Youguiwan groups showed reduced deposition of collagen fibers and protein levels of ColⅠ and α-SMA around the bronchi in the lung tissue (P<0.05, P<0.01), decreased inflammation score, and down-regulated protein and mRNA levels of leptin, JAK2, STAT3, and IL-17A in the lung tissue. ConclusionYouguiwan can prevent airway remodeling by inhibiting IL-17A to reduce inflammation and collagen deposition in COPD rats, which may be related to the inhibition of the leptin/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.