Interaction of occupational and non-occupational noise exposure leads to high frequency hearing loss / 中国职业医学

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of the interaction between occupational and non-occupational noise exposure on the risk of high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) in noise-exposed workers. Methods A total of 602 male workers with normal hearing, engaged in an automobile manufacturing company between 2016 and 2018, were selected as the study subjects using the retrospective cohort study method. Pure-tone audiometry and questionnaire surveys were conducted on the workers. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to analyze the interaction between occupational and non-occupational noise exposure and the risk of HFHL in these workers. Results The prevalence of HFHL of the workers was 34.1% in 2020, without any cases of speech frequency hearing loss. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis result showed that the risk of HFHL increased in workers with excessive national occupational noise exposure intensity, self-reported noisy living environments, and both excessive national occupational noise exposure intensity and self-reported noisy living environments (all P<0.01). The results of the Cox proportional hazards model showed that the combined effect of excessive national occupational noise exposure intensity and self-reported noisy living environments [relative risk (RR)=2.40, P<0.01] was higher than the individual effects of excessive national occupational noise exposure intensity (RR=2.09, P<0.01) and self-reported noisy living environments (RR=2.39, P<0.01). There was an antagonistic effect between excessive national occupational noise exposure intensity and self-reported noisy living environments (interaction index <1.00). Conclusion Both occupational and non-occupational noise exposure can increase the risk of HFHL in noise-exposed workers, and there is an interaction between them.

Research progress on cognitive dysfunction induced by occupational noise and combined exposure to heavy metals / 中国职业医学

Exposure to occupational noise and heavy metals are common occupational hazards in workplaces. Occupational noise exposure not only leads to noise-induced hearing loss but also cognitive dysfunction. Exposure to common heavy metals such as lead, manganese, and cadmium during work is closely related to cognitive dysfunction in workers. Combined exposure to noise and heavy metals is common in workplaces. However, current research on the combined effects of exposure to occupational noise with lead or manganese on workers' cognitive function is not comprehensive or systematic. The method for cognitive dysfunction identification varies, leading to a lack of comparability. And the causality between occupational exposure and cognitive dysfunction in workers has not been clarified. Therefore, studying the cognitive dysfunction due to combined exposure to noise and common heavy metals is of great significance for workers' occupational health. In the future, it is necessary to unify the method for cognitive dysfunction identification and conduct systematic and comprehensive research on the effects, mechanisms, and combined effects of exposure to occupational noise with lead, manganese, cadmium, and other heavy metals on workers' cognitive dysfunction, to ensure the occupational health rights and interests of workers.

Analysis on Application and Funding Situation of General，Young Scholar and Regional Scholar Programs from NSFC in Field of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in 2023 / 中国实验方剂学杂志

By combing the application and funding situation of general， young scholar and regional scholar programs from National Natural Science Foundation of China（NSFC） in field of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in 2023， this paper summarizes the distribution of supporting units， application and funding hotspots， and the problems of application and funding projects in this discipline， in order to provide a reference for applicants and supporting organizations to understand the hotspot dynamics and reporting requirements of the discipline. In 2023， the discipline of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine received a total of 2 793 applications， and there were 1 254 applications for general programs， 1 278 applications for young scholar programs， and 261 applications for regional scholar programs. The amounts of project funding obtained by the three were 145， 164 and 35， respectively， and the funding rates were 11.56%， 12.83% and 13.41% in that order. From the situation of obtaining funding， the age distribution of the project leaders who obtained funding for the general， young scholar and regional scholar programs were mainly distributed in the age of 40-46， 30-34， 38-44 years， respectively. Within the supported programs， the Chinese medicine affiliations accounted for 55.52%. With respect to research subjects， the proportion of one single Chinese herbs， or monomers， or extracts accounted for 29.4%， but the proportion of Chinese herb pairs or prescriptions accounted for 47.1%. Research hotspots included ferroptosis， bile acid metabolism， macrophages， mitochondria， microglia， exosomes， intestinal flora， microecology and so on. The current research mainly focused on the common key problems of the advantageous diseases of Chinese and western integrative medicine， but still need to be improved in the basic theories of Chinese and western medicine and multidisciplinary cross-disciplinary research.

Prevalence and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among workers in chemical pharmaceutical industry / 环境与职业医学

Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are one of the major occupational health problems in the world. Pharmaceutical industry is an important part of China's national economy. At present, there are few related studies reported at home and abroad. Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of WMSDs in chemical pharmaceutical industry. Methods A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted among all workers from three chemical pharmaceutical enterprises in Guangzhou. The Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to collect information on demographic characteristics, symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders, types of work, work organization, and and work postures. Multiple logistic regression method was used to analyze the risk factors of WMSDs in chemical pharmaceutical workers. Results In this study, 563 workers were selected as subjects. The total prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in the chemical pharmaceutical workers was 43.9% (247/563), and the leading body part-specific prevalence rate from high to low was 34.3% in the lower back, 24.3% in the upper back, 24.0% in the shoulders, and 23.8% in the neck. The prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in multiple body parts (30.0%) was 2.16 times higher than that in single body part (13.9%), and the prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in four body parts was the highest (11.4%). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥50 years (reference age <30 years) (OR=2.140, 95%CI: 1.054-4.345), often or very often (reference never/rarely) long-time head rotating (OR=2.695, 95%CI: 1.753-4.142) and long-time keeping arms above shoulders (OR=1.902, 95%CI: 1.108-3.265) increased the risk of reporting WMSDs symptoms (P<0.05). Regarding education level, workers with high school and technical secondary school (OR=0.333, 95%CI: 0.175-0.636) or college and above (OR=0.413, 95%CI: 0.216-0.790) education had a lower risk of reporting WMSDs symptoms than those with middle school or below (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence rate of reporting WMSDs symptoms in chemical pharmaceutical industry is high, the involving body parts are lower back, upper back, shoulders, and neck, and reporting simultaneous occurrence of WMSDs symptoms in multiple body parts is common. The chemical pharmaceutical manufacturers can reduce the risk of WMSDs by strengthening the training on workers' ergonomics knowledge, paying attention to the less educated personnel, protecting the elderly workers, and avoiding awkward work postures, like rotating head for a long time and raising arms over shoulders.

The role of SLC12A family of cation-chloride cotransporters and drug discovery methodologies / 药物分析学报

The solute carrier family 12(SLC12)of cation-chloride cotransporters(CCCs)comprises potassium chlo-ride cotransporters(KCCs,e.g.KCC1,KCC2,KCC3,and KCC4)-mediated Cl-extrusion,and sodium po-tassium chloride cotransporters(N[K]CCs,NKCC1,NKCC2,and NCC)-mediated Cl-loading.The CCCs play vital roles in cell volume regulation and ion homeostasis.Gain-of-function or loss-of-function of these ion transporters can cause diseases in many tissues.In recent years,there have been considerable ad-vances in our understanding of CCCs'control mechanisms in cell volume regulations,with many tech-niques developed in studying the functions and activities of CCCs.Classic approaches to directly measure CCC activity involve assays that measure the transport of potassium substitutes through the CCCs.These techniques include the ammonium pulse technique,radioactive or nonradioactive rubidium ion uptake-assay,and thallium ion-uptake assay.CCCs'activity can also be indirectly observed by measuring y-aminobutyric acid(GABA)activity with patch-clamp electrophysiology and intracellular chloride con-centration with sensitive microelectrodes,radiotracer 36Cl-,and fluorescent dyes.Other techniques include directly looking at kinase regulatory sites phosphorylation,flame photometry,22Na+uptake assay,structural biology,molecular modeling,and high-throughput drug screening.This review sum-marizes the role of CCCs in genetic disorders and cell volume regulation,current methods applied in studying CCCs biology,and compounds developed that directly or indirectly target the CCCs for disease treatments.

Neurovascular uncoupling as a possible mechanism of cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中风与神经疾病杂志

@#Objective To investigate the relationship between neurovascular coupling and cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）. Methods We consecutively enrolled 192 patients with T2DM admitted to the Department of Endocrinology in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University as well as 30 healthy controls matched for sex, age, and years of education from February 1, 2022 to February 28, 2023. General clinical data were collected. All the participants were tested with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment （MoCA）. Neurovascular coupling function was assessed through the dynamic changes in cerebral blood flow velocity （CBFV） induced by active elbow flexion monitored using functional transcranial Doppler sonography （fTCD）. Patients with T2DM were divided into normal cognition （T2DM-NC） group and impaired cognition （T2DM-IC） group according to the MoCA score. The fTCD parameters were compared between the HC group, T2DM-NC group, and T2DM-IC group. The correlation between fTCD parameters and MoCA score was analyzed. Results A total of 81 patients with T2DM （52 with T2DM-NC and 29 with T2DM-IC） and 21 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. The glycated hemoglobin level was significantly higher in the T2DM-IC group than in the T2DM-NC and HC groups. Compared with the HC group, the T2DM group showed a significantly smaller percentage change from baseline in mean CBFV （Vm） during motor （ΔVm）, a significantly smaller normalized area under the curve of Vm during motor （nAUC）, and a significantly lower Vm slope （all P < 0.05）. After normalization, the nAUC was significantly lower in the T2DM-IC group than in the T2DM-NC and HC groups, and the upward slope of Vm was significantly higher in the HC group than in the T2DM-NC and T2DM-IC groups （all P < 0.01）. The ΔVm （r = 0.343, P = 0.001） and nAUC （r = 0.356, P = 0.001） were positively correlated with MoCA score. Baseline pulsatility index （PI, r = -0.496, P < 0.001）, baseline resistance index （RI, r = -0.475, P < 0.001）, PI during motor （r = -0.542, P < 0.001）, and RI during motor （r = -0.523, P < 0.001） were negatively correlated with MoCA score. Conclusion Neurovascular uncoupling is a possible cause of cognitive impairment in patients with T2DM.

Effect of pre-ablation glycated hemoglobin control on outcomes in atrial fibrillation patients with diabetes mellitus following cardiac surgery combined Cox-Maze Ⅳ procedure / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:This study was performed to assess the effect of glycemic control on atrial fibrillation recurrence rates after heart surgery concomitant with Cox-Maze Ⅳ ablation.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 317 diabetic patients with atrial fibrillation who underwent cardiac surgery combined with Cox-Maze Ⅳ ablation in our hospital from May 2016 to February 2020. The patients were followed up for(37.7±27.7) months, and the data of atrial fibrillation recurrence and clinical outcome were collected and compared. The limited cubic spline model was used to analyze the dose-relationship between HbA1c level and the recurrence of atrial fibrillation. The univariate and multivariate Cox proportional regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of recurrent atrial fibrillation after Cox-Maze Ⅳ ablation. Results:Higher glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c) at the time of ablation was associated with higher post-ablation recurrence rates. The cumulative survival freedom from atrial fibrillation recurrence for patients with HbA1c ≥7.4% at time of operation at 12, 24, 36 and 48 months were 96.3%、75.8%、52.7% and 35.7%, respectively( P<0.001). Besides, the rates of all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality and rehospitalization were significantly lower in patients with HbA1c<7.4%(1.7% vs. 6.3%, P=0.03; 1.1% vs. 5.6%, P=0.02 and 5.7% vs. 20.4%, P=0.01). The multivariate Cox regression model showed that HbA1c was an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation recurrence( P<0.05). Conclusion:Higher preoperative HbA1c levels were associated with increased recurrence of atrial fibrillation and adverse clinical outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery combined with Cox-Maze Ⅳ ablation.

Relationship between occupational stress, job burnout, and depressive symptoms among workers in an automobile manufacturing enterprise in Guangzhou / 环境与职业医学

Background The operation mode of automobile manufacturing industry (AMI) makes workers have different degrees of occupational stress and burnout, which may lead to negative emotions and depressive symptoms. Objective To study the relationship between occupational stress, job burnout, and depressive symptoms in AMI workers. Methods In this study, 1300 workers from a Guangzhou AMI company were selected as subjects by cluster random sampling method. Occupational stress, job burnout, and depressive symptoms of the workers were assessed by using the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory general survey questionnaire, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, respectively. Hierarchical regression was used to analyze the effects of occupational stress and job burnout on depressive symptoms in AMI workers. Mediating effect model was used to analyze the mediating effect of job burnout on the relationship between occupational stress and depressive symptoms. Results There were 1300 questionnaires distributed, 1228 valid questionnaires collected, with a 94.5% recovery rate. The ERI ratio of 1228 AMI workers was 1.06±0.72, and the positive rate of occupational stress was 37.3% (458/1228). The score of job burnout was 2.18±1.37, and the positive rate of job burnout was 62.6% (769/1228). The score of depressive symptoms was 10.27±6.42, and the positive rate of depressive symptoms was 47.1% (578/1228). The dimensional scores of effort and over-commitment in occupational stress as well as emotional exhaustion and depersonalization in job burnout of AMI workers were positively correlated with the depressive symptom scores (rs=0.415, 0.571, 0.573, 0.593, P＜0.05). The dimensional scores of reward and personal achievement were negatively correlated (rs=−0.454, −0.339, P＜0.05). The percentages of variance in depressive symptoms score explained by occupational stress and job burnout were 26.7% and 16.6%, respectively. Job burnout had a partial mediating effect between the three dimensions of occupational stress and depressive symptoms, and the mediating effect values were −0.2832 (95%CI: −0.3250– −0.2434), 0.3553 (95%CI: 0.3071–0.4041), and 0.4193 (95%CI: 0.3681–0.4725), respectively. Conclusion AMI workers' occupational stress affects job burnout, but also indirectly affects depressive symptoms. Job burnout partially mediates the association between occupational stress and depressive symptoms. Reducing occupational stress and burnout levels of AMI workers may alleviate depressive symptoms.

Literature Study and Suggestions on the Development Situation of Online Drugstores in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To p rovide policy suggestions for the development and supervision of online drugstores in China. METHODS：By literature review ，the relevant literatures and policy documents about the development of online drugstores were searched，screened and sorted out to summarize the development process of China ’s internet drug trading mode and policy ，analyze the development status of China ’s online drugstores ；on the basis of the development experience of some developed countries ，the suggestions were put forward for China ’s relevant policies. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：China’s medical e-commerce started relatively late ，and the policies related to online drug trading were basically released during last 20 years. The number of online drugstores showed a growing trend. The online drugstores were geographically allocated widely but unevenly. They sold many varieties，and policies on selling prescription medicines were gradually liberalized. These online drugstores provided diverse payment and delivery choices ，but their pharmaceutical service needed to be improved. The development models of online drugstores in the United Kingdom ，the United States and Germany could be referred. According to the current situation of online drugstores in China ， combined with the development mode and operation strategy in foreign countries ，it is suggested to improve relevant laws and regulations，and strengthen legal support ；strengthen the government supervision to ensure drug safety ；use the industrial power to standardize medicine operation behavior ；set up the third part trading platform to promote medical insurance payment.

Research progress in mechanism of pyroptosis mediated by inflammasomes and its targeted drugs after traumatic brain injury / 中华创伤杂志

After traumatic brain injury(TBI), as an immune signal complex in cytoplasm, the assembly and activation of inflammasomes can induce pyroptosis, trigger extensive inflammations, aggravate brain tissue damage, lead to delayed cell death and progressive neurodegeneration, and cause neurological dysfunction, which plays a key role in the development and prognosis of the disease. After TBI, the mechanism of pyroptosis mediated by inflammasomes and its targeted treatments have become the focus of recent researches. The authors review the research progress in inflammasomes-mediated pyroptosis in terms of related signal pathways, their activation and regulation and application of targeted drugs after TBI, so as to provide references for clinical treatments.

Regulatory control of the Na-Cl co-transporter NCC and its therapeutic potential for hypertension

Hypertension is the largest risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality worldwide. As blood pressure regulation is influenced by multiple physiological systems, hypertension cannot be attributed to a single identifiable etiology. Three decades of research into Mendelian forms of hypertension implicated alterations in the renal tubular sodium handling, particularly the distal convoluted tubule (DCT)-native, thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC). Altered functions of the NCC have shown to have profound effects on blood pressure regulation as illustrated by the over activation and inactivation of the NCC in Gordon's and Gitelman syndromes respectively. Substantial progress has uncovered multiple factors that affect the expression and activity of the NCC. In particular, NCC activity is controlled by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, and NCC expression is facilitated by glycosylation and negatively regulated by ubiquitination. Studies have even found parvalbumin to be an unexpected regulator of the NCC. In recent years, there have been considerable advances in our understanding of NCC control mechanisms, particularly

PSORI-CM02 ameliorates psoriasis in vivo and in vitro by inducing autophagy via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease that affects an estimated 3% of the world's population. PSORI-CM02 is an empirically developed Chinese medicine formula optimised from Yin Xie Ling, summarised by national medical master Guo-Wei Xuan, that has been used for decades to treat psoriasis in the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine. However, its anti-psoriatic mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this study, we explored the effects of PSORI-CM02 on autophagy and the underlying mechanisms in TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT cells and in a mouse model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis. METHODS: Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining and caspase-3 assays. Autophagy was detected by electron microscopy, RT-PCR and western blotting. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was analysed by western blotting and immunochemical analysis. RESULTS: PSORI-CM02 induced autophagy and thus inhibited the proliferation of HaCaT cells via suppression of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. In mice with IMQ-induced psoriasis, PSORI-CM02 relieved psoriasis symptoms, induced autophagy and inhibited the phosphorylation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the skin. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that PSORI-CM02 treats psoriasis by inducing autophagy via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Effect of Akt signaling pathway on phosphorylation of RAW264.7 cells induced by SiO_2 / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To observe the status of protein kinase B(Akt) signaling pathway in Akt phosphorylation induced by free silica(SiO_2) in mouse monocyte macrophage cell RAW264.7, and the role of Akt signaling pathway in early inflammatory response of silicosis. METHODS: i) RAW264.7 cells were routinely cultured and divided into SiO_2 stimulation groups at 5 different time points, and were stimulated for 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes with SiO_2 suspension with a final concentration of 100 mg/L, and a control group without SiO_2 treatment. At the end of treatment, the cells were collected and the expression of phospho-(Ser/Thr) Akt(p-Akt) was detected by Western blotting to select the optimal time of treatment. ii) RAW264.7 cells were divided into control group(no treatment), SiO_2 exposure group(previous concentration of 100 mg/L SiO_2 suspension) and intervention group(pre-treated with Akt activation inhibitor deguelin for one hour and then treated with 100 mg/L SiO_2 suspension), samples were collected after incubation for 60 minutes. The p-Akt expression and distribution in cells were detected by cellular immunofluorescence assay, the relative expression of p-Akt in cells was detected by Western blotting, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) in the supernatant of cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: i) The optimal treatment time of RAW264.7 cells for SiO_2 exposure model was 60 minutes in vitro. ii) The results of cellular immunofluorescence assay showed that Akt phosphorylation was activated in RAW264.7 cells after stimulant with SiO_2, and the fluorescence of p-Akt was enhanced in the SiO_2 exposure group than the control group, and in the intervention group it was relatively weaker than the SiO_2 exposure group. The relative expression of p-Akt as well as the levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the SiO_2 exposure group and the intervention group were higher than that in the control group(P<0.05), and the above three idexes in the intervention group were lower than the SiO_2 exposure group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Akt signaling pathway is involved in the process of SiO_2-induced macrophages phosphorylation, and participates in the early inflammatory response of silicosis.

Effect of wearing earphone to listen to music on high-frequency hearing loss in noise exposure workers / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of wearing earphone to listen to music on the high-frequency noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) in noise-exposure workers. METHODS: A total of 651 male noise-exposure workers in an automobile manufacturer were selected as study subjects by using judgment sampling method. The level of noise exposure in the individuals and the pure tone hearing threshold were tested. According to the frequency of wearing earphone to listen to music after work, the subjects were divided into low-, medium-and high-frequency earphone-using groups, with 60, 436 and 155 workers in each group, respectively. The effects of wearing earphone to listen to music combined with occupational noise exposure on high-frequency NIHL were analyzed. RESULTS: The high-frequency NIHL detection rate of the study subjects was 31.3%(204/651). The detection rate of high-frequency NIHL in these three groups from low to high was low-, medium-and high-frequency earphone-using groups(P<0.01). The detection rate of high-frequency NIHL in the high-frequency earphone-using group was higher than that of the low-and medium-frequency earphone-using groups(43.2% vs 25.0%, 43.2% vs 28.0%, P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that wearing earphones to listen to music was a risk factor for high-frequency NIHL in noise-exposure workers(P<0.01) after eliminating the influence of confounding factors such as age, length and level of noise-exposure, and wearing anti-noise ear plugs. The higher frequency of wearing earphone to listen to music, the higher risk of high-frequency NIHL. CONCLUSION: Wearing earphone to listen to music after work and occupational noise exposure had a synergistic effect on high-frequency NIHL in noise-exposure workers.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: an analysis of 41 cases / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To discuss the clinical diagnosis and treatment of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP).Methods Clinical data of 41 XGP patients admitted from May 1981 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 17 male cases and 24 female cases,aged from 23 to 78 years,with an average age of 57 years.All were unilateral lesions,including 19 cases on the left and 22 cases on the right.Disease duration ranged from 1 week to 12 years,with an average of 3.5 years.The clinical manifestations showed that 7 cases with gross hematuria (17.1％),16 cases with palpable flank or abdominal mass (39.0％),36 cases with flank pain (87.8％),26 cases with acute or intermittent fever (63.4％) and 17 cases with weight loss (41.5％).Laboratory findings showed that 28 cases with leukocytosis (68.3％),24 cases with anemia (58.5％),27 cases with pyuria (65.9％),positive urine culture 19/34 (55.9％),positive urine lipid-laden macrophages 3/14(21.4％),and 20 cases with rapid erythrocyte sedimentation rate (48.8％).Imaging examination:among 35 patients who received CT examination,25 were diagnosed as XGP,mainly presenting diffuse changes in the kidney with enlarged renal shadow,accompanied by diffusive distribution of multiple low-density lesions.There was no obvious enhancement in the low-density lesions on enhanced scan,accompanied by thickening of renal fascia,adhesion to psoas major muscle or involvement of surrounding tissues and organs.According to the imaging results,there were 33 cases of diffuse type and 8 cases of localized type in this group.Renal biopsy was performed 11 cases and 3 cases were diagnosed as XGP.Results All patients were treated with surgical procedure.33 patients with diffuse type were performed nephrectomy.6 of the 8 patients with localized type underwent partial nephrectomy successfully,and the other 2 patients underwent nephrectomy due to severe renal adhesion and unclear lesion boundaries.All postoperative pathologies suggested xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.Patients were followed up for 9 months to 10 years postoperatively,with an average of 4.5 years.All patients had no recurrence.Conclusions The clinical manifestations of XGP are lack of specificity.Diagnosis is difficult and depends on pathology.According to imaging examination,lesions can be divided into diffuse type and localized type.Nephrectomy and partial nephrectomy were performed respectively.

Advances of Nogo-A protein in the mechanism of epilepsy / 中华神经科杂志

The myelin-associated protein Nogo-A was considered to be the axon growth inhibitory factor, which participates in a variety of pathophysiological regulation of nervous system. In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that Nogo-A protein is closely related to epilepsy by regulating dendritic plasticity, mediating abnormal nerve migration and regulating glial cell activation, etc. This article will review the research progress of Nogo-A in epilepsy in recent years.

Analysis of the cardiovascular effects on workers expose to occupational benzene-toluene-xylene and noise in a painting workshop of an automobile company / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To learn about the cardiovascular health effects of workers expose to benzene-toluene-xylene and noise in painting workshop of automobile manufacturing enterprises, and to provide intervention measures and strategies for the health of workers.@*Methods@#The effects of noise exposure, benzene-toluene-xylene exposure and combined exposure on workers' blood pressure and electrocardiogram were analyzed through epidemiological investigation, workplace monitoring and occupational health examination in several automobile enterprises which had carried out occupational hazard factors monitoring and occupational health examination in our hospital from April to October 2017.@*Results@#There were differences in age, sex, working years, smoking, drinking and physical exercise among workers in different exposure groups (P<0.05) . The systolic blood pressure level of workers in benzene-toluene-xylene exposure group and combined exposure group was significantly different comparing with control group (P< 0.05) , After the factors of age and working years were adjusted. The abnormity rate of electrocardiogram in workers were not statistically significant in all groups (P>0.05) .@*Conclusion@#The benzene-toluene-xylene exposure and noise combined with benzene-toluene-xylene exposure in painting workshop of automobile manufacturing enterprises has positive influence on the systolic blood pressure of workers. Regular physical examination and health intervention measures should be strengthened to improve health.

An investigation of an accident of acute mixed gas poisoning / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

An accident of mixed acute gas poisoning accident happened in a place in GuangDong in March 2018. To investigates three poisoning workers and related clinical data were summarized., we tested the field air and analyzed the accident reasons. This event due to the staff lack of occupational protection awareness and illegal operation. The working environment must be ventilated before limited space operation, and must be sure that the limited space is safe by toxic gas monitoring. In case of occupational acute gas poisoning, rescuers should help the persons who are poisoned reasonably and meanwhile their own safety.

Dexmedetomidine alleviates cognitive dysfunction induced by tibial fracture in rats / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on cognitive dysfunction induced by tibial fracture in rats.@*METHODS@#Sixteen male SD rats were randomized into control group and tibial fracture group, and the behavior indicators were measured on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after tibial fracture and the expressions of CX3L1 protein and mRNA in the hippocampus were detected. Another 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, tibial fracture group, and tibia fracture with CX3CL1 antibody group, and the behavior indicators and hippocampal CX3L1 protein expression were evaluated after corresponding treatments. In another experiment, we randomized 24 male SD rats into control group, tibial fracture group and tibial fracture with Dex treatment, and tested their hippocampal CX3L1 protein and mRNA expressions as well as the behavior indicators after the treatments.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control rats, the rats with tibial fracture spent significantly less time in the novel arm on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after the fracture ( < 0.05) with obviously lowered expressions of CX3L1 protein and mRNA in the hippocampus ( < 0.05). In the rats with tibial fracture, treatment with CX3CL1 antibody further decreased the time spent in the novel arm ( < 0.05) and the expression level of CX3L1 protein in the hippocampus ( < 0.05); In contrast, treatment with Dex significantly increased the time spent time in the novel arm ( < 0.05) and enhanced the hippocampal expressions of CX3L1 protein and mRNA in rats with tibial fractures ( < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Dex can alleviate cognitive dysfunction induced by tibial fracture in rats by increasing the expression of CX3CL1 in the hippocampus.

Effect of cumulative noise exposure on hypertension in automotive manufacturing workers / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between the cumulative noise exposure( CNE) and prevalence of hypertension in automotive manufacturing workers. METHODS: A total of 1 535 noise-exposed male workers with length of service ≥ 1. 0 year from automobile manufacturing industries in Guangzhou City was chosen as study subjects by convenience sampling method. The noise intensity in the workplace was measured, the CNE calculated, and the occupational health examination conducted. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension of the study subjects was 8. 1%( 125/1 535). The prevalence of hypertension showed an upward trend with the increase of CNE( P < 0. 01). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence risk of hypertension increased with the increase of CNE after adjusting for confounding factors such as body mass index,smoking and wearing personal protective equipment in automobile manufacturing workers( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: There is a dose-effect relationship between prevalence of hypertension and CNE in automobile manufacturing workers who exposed to noise.