ABSTRACT
Uruguay was able to control the viral dissemination during the first nine months of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Unfortunately, towards the end of 2020, the number of daily new cases exponentially increased. Herein we analyzed the country-wide genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 between November, 2020 and April, 2021. Our findings identified that the most prevalent viral variant during late 2020 was a B.1.1.28 sublineage carrying mutations Q675H+Q677H in the viral Spike, now designated as lineage P.6. This new lineage P.6 probably arose around November 2020, in Montevideo, Uruguays capital department and rapidly spread to other Uruguayan departments, with evidence of further local transmission clusters, also spread sporadically to the USA and Spain. The Q675H and Q677H mutations are in the proximity of the polybasic cleavage site at the S1/S2 boundary and also arose independently in many SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating worldwide. Although the lineage P.6 was replaced by the Variant of Concern (VOC) P.1 as the predominant viral strain in Uruguay since April 2021, the monitoring of the concurrent emergence of Q675H+Q677H in VOCs should be of worldwide interest.
ABSTRACT
We developed a genomic surveillance program for real-time monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in Uruguay. Here, we present the first results, including the proposed qPCR-VOC method, the general workflow and the report of the introduction and community transmission of the VOC P.1 in Uruguay in multiple independent events.
